Jornandes cruralis Distant

Schaffner, JC & Schwartz, MD, 2008, Revision Of The Mexican Genera Ficinus Distant And Jornandes Distant With The Description Of 21 New Species (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae: Orthotylini), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (309), pp. 1-87 : 38-45

Jornandes cruralis Distant Figures 2, 10C, 17–18, 19A

Jornandes cruralis Distant, 1893: 448 , pl. 39, fig. 11 (orig. desc.); Carvalho, 1958: 80 (catalog); Carvalho and Dolling, 1976: 795 (disc. of holotype); Carvalho, 1981: 4 (note); Schuh, 1995: 127 (catalog).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by relatively large size; head yellowish brown usually with vertex fuscous, maxillary plate and apex of clypeus dark fuscous to black, antenna and legs pale yellowish brown; pronotum and hemelytron dark fuscous to black (fig. 2); glabrous with only a few scattered setae dorsally; antenna and legs pale; labium nearly reaching posterior margin of mesosternum; cuticular sculpturing extending onto pronotum laterally (fig. 17B); length of antennal segment I less than vertex width, antennal segment II less than pronotal width; metepisternum dorsal to evaporative area of scent gland with microtrichia (fig. 17C). Jornandes cruralis is similar to J. genetivus ; nonetheless, these species are easily separated from one another. Jornandes cruralis has pale antennae and the cuticular sculpturing is extended onto the pronotum, whereas in J. genetivus the antenna is dark fuscous and the cuticular sculpturing of the hemelytron does not extend onto the pronotum. Additionally the male genitalia are diagnostic for each species. The pale yellowish-brown coloration will distinguish J. sinaloa from the other two species, all of which share a similar type of male genitalia.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: COLORATION: Head shining yellowish brown, usually with a pale fuscous area on vertex; fuscous to black band extending from maxillary plate across apex of clypeus, and around to other eye, sometimes infuscate on sulcate portion of vertex, stripe on frons between antennal fossa and vertex infuscate; antenna pale yellowish brown with base of segment I fuscous; labium yellow, apex dark fuscous. Pronotum, scutellum and mesoscutum shining dark fuscous to black. Hemelytron with corium shining dark fuscous to black; membrane fuscous with narrow pale area immediately along cuneus. Underside of thorax shining dark fuscous or black except for posterior margin of scent gland evaporatorium, which is yellowish brown; underside of abdomen shining dark fuscous to black. Legs yellowish brown (same color as antenna and posterior area of evaporatorium) with apical tarsomeres pale fuscous. VESTITURE: Body as seen from above shining, almost devoid of setae. Head with sparsely distributed, short setae; antennal segment I with a few scattered setae, remaining segments covered with short decumbent setae. Pronotum glabrous, setae commonly decumbent and located along lateral margins; meso- and metapleurae with scattered erect setae; hemelytron with short decumbent setae located along costal margin and on or near cuneus; underside of abdomen with moderately sparsely distributed semierect setae. GENITALIA (fig. 18): Genital segment with broad, crestlike, serrate tergal process projecting from right of midline on dorsal margin of aperture; ventroposterior margin of capsule with broad notch; distal width of subgenital plate wide, strongly projecting dorsal to aperture of capsule. Left paramere C-shaped in dorsal view; with broad sensory lobe; diameter of paramere gradually expanded to subapical constriction, then expanded to wide, deeply notched mittenlike apical region. Right paramere elongate, slightly more than twice length of left paramere; diameter of paramere widest basally and subapically, distal region gradually tapered to dorsally projecting apex; distal region serrate and with several strong spines. Phallotheca elongate, conical, 1/3 length of spiculum; aperture large, widely open from dorsal surface to apex. Vesica with long, medially

00110992), Santa Lucia, Sinaloa (AMNH_PBI 00111001); scale 5 0.20 mm.

thickened spiculum; apical region of spiculum bifurcate with recurved, narrow, apically pointed, strongly serrate branches; base of spiculum sinuate, broadly affixed to dorsal margin of ductus seminis, without basal spine.

Female: Coloration and vestiture same as for male, except for more ovate body. GENITALIA with ventral margin of VLP not produced ventrally into VUL; SR moderately large, compressed along longitudinal axis; medial region of DLP moderately produced medially; posterior wall with wellsclerotized, convex medial section; IRL deeply incised on ventral margin (fig. 19A), with dorsal portion shorter than narrow, pointed ventral portion; otherwise as in generic description.

MEASUREMENTS: Male: (n 5 13; average given first followed in parentheses by range): Length, 4.28 (3.85–5.00); width, 1.77 (1.62–2.00). Head length, 0.28 (0.24– 0.34); width, 0.94 (0.89–1.02); vertex width, 0.43 (0.41–0.46). Length of antennal segment I, 0.36 (0.32–0.40); II, 1.40 (1.32–1.50); III, 1.10 (1.00–1.21); IV, 0.44 (0.36–0.51). Pronotal length, 0.88 (0.84–0.92) width across base, 1.46 (1.36–1.62). Cuneal length, 0.71 (0.65– 0.84); width across base, 0.63 (0.60–0.68).

Female: (n 5 13; those of holotype given first followed in parentheses by average and range). Length, 4.22 (4.17, 3.80–4.36); width, 1.92 (1.89, 1.76–2.08). Head length, 0.30 (0.31, 0.26–0.36); width, 0.94 (0.92 and 0.96); vertex width, 0.48 (0.48, 0.45–0.50). Length of antennal segment I, 0.30 (0.34, 0.30–0.38); II, 1.30 (1.33, 1.22–1.50); III missing on holotype (0.99, 0.91–1.13); IV, 0.40, 0.36–0.46. Pronotal length, 0.88 (0.88, 0.84–0.96); width across base, 1.46 (1.45, 1.36–1.61). Cuneal length, 0.64 (0.64, 0.58– 0.71); width across base, 0.60 (0.60, 0.58– 0.62).

DISCUSSION: The single specimen from near La Laguna, Guerrero, differs somewhat in head color from all others. The center of the vertex and frons is dark brown with areas along the eyes in the more typical yellowish brown.

The male genitalia of the Guerrero specimens differs in the following characteristics from those from Sinaloa: tergal process deflected into genital aperture and slightly more serrate, left paramere longer, and vesical spiculum with longer more serrate apical branches. We are treating the Guerrero and Sinaloa specimens as conspecific pending additional material from intervening localities, which may clarify the variation we have encountered in the male genitalia.

Jornandes cruralis shares a number of significant characters with J. genetivus . Both species are almost devoid of setae as seen from above, including the costal margin of the hemelytron. The cuticular sculpturing is more easily seen than in most species of the genus. Both species are essentially the same size, and the color of J. cruralis is similar to that of males of J. genetivus that have the dark fuscous to black pronotum.

The male genitalia of both of these species and those of the pale J. sinaloa indicate a close relationship. The IRL of J. cruralis and J. sinaloa are similar in that both have the ventral margin deeply incised (fig. 19A), whereas in J. genetivus the ventral margin is practically entire (fig. 19B). Both J. cruralis and J. sinaloa are distributed predominately on the western coastal plain or ‘‘buried ranges’’ of Mexico, with J. sinaloa in the

northernmost part in Sinaloa and Sonora and J. cruralis in south of Sinaloa. The southern populations of J. cruralis in Guerrero and Morelos seem to overlap some of the distribution of J. genetivus . These species were found together at one poorly documented collecting event in the environs of Chilpancingo. Whether they were contemporaneously in similar habitat or at equal elevation remains to be determined.

HOST PLANT: Ipomoea murucoides Roem and Schult (Convolvulaceae) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known from 12 localities in Durango, Guerrero, Morelos, and Sinaloa (fig. 10C).

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO: Durango: El Salto, 23.79522 ° N 105.36357 ° W, 2578 m, 19 Sep 1976, J. Carayon, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00243972 ) ( MNHN). Guerrero: 1 mi NE of La Laguna, 19.91028 ° N 101.75586 ° W, 17 Jul 1984, Carroll , Schaffner , Friedlander , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00106416 ) ( TAMU). 10.3 mi S of Iguala, 17.70023 ° N 100.36666 ° W, 23 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , Ipomoea murucoides Roem and Schult (Convolvulaceae) , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00094261 ) ( CNC). Ipomoea murucoides Roem and Schult (Convolvulaceae) , 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00106417 , AMNH _ PBI 00106418 ) Ipomoea murucoides Roem and Schult. (Convolvulaceae) , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119112 ) ( TAMU). 22 mi N of Chilpancingo, 17.96733 ° N 99.58776 ° W, 643 m, 24 Aug 1958, H. F. Howden, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00110992 ) ( CNC). 6.2 mi SW of Xochipala, 1728 m, 17.75291 ° N 99.68363 ° W, 13 Jul 1985, Jones and Schaffner , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00094262 ) ( CNC). ‘‘ Chilpancingo , Guerrero. [17.55 ° N 99.5 ° W, 1402 m], 4600 ft., Aug., H. H. Smith’’, Holotype, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00085376 ) ( BMNH); 24 Jul 1961, R. and K. Dreisbach, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00133592 , AMNH _ PBI 00134074 ) ( USNM). Morelos: 10 km NE of Yautepec, 18.94464 ° N 99.0035 ° W, 1439 m, 13 Sep 1983, H. Brailovsky, 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245166 – AMNH _ PBI 00245168 ) ( UNAM). Yautepec , 18.88333 ° N 99.06667 ° W, 1216 m, 13 Jul 1963, F. D. Parker and L. A. Stange, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245170 ) ( UCB). Sinaloa: 13 mi E of Concordia, 23.28319 ° N 105.861 ° W, 244 m, 05 Aug 1964, L. A. Kelton, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112248 , AMNH _ PBI 00112249 ) ( CNC); 09 Aug 1964, L. A. Kelton, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112244 , AMNH _

PBI 00112245) ( CNC). 27 mi E of Villa Union , 23.35201 ° N 106.03997 ° W, 276 m, 26 Jul 1964, H. F. Howden, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112246 , AMNH _ PBI 00112247 ) ( CNC) ; 26 Jul 1964, J. Powell, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119228 ) ( UCB). Mazatlan , 23.21666 ° N 106.41666 ° W, 20 Sep 1976, J. Carayon, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00243968 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00243970 , AMNH _ PBI 00243971 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00243969 ) ( MNHN). Santa Lucia, 23.49755 ° N 105.92295 ° W, 1219 m, 04 Aug 1964, L. A. Kelton, 103 ( AMNH _ PBI 00111001 , AMNH _ PBI 00112216 – AMNH _ PBI 00112224 ), 19♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112225 – AMNH _ PBI 00112243 ) ( CNC) .

Jornandes genetivus (Distant) , new combination Figures 2, 10C, 19B, 20–21

Eccritotarsus genetivus Distant, 1884: 284 , pl. 22, fig. 25 (orig. desc.); Atkinson, 1890: 42 (catalog).

Rhinocapsidea genetiva: Reuter, 1908: 54 ; Carvalho, 1952: 79; Carvalho 1958: 79 (catalog); Carvalho and Dolling, 1976: 798 (disc. of lectotype); Carvalho and Wallerstein, 1978: 254 (note); Schuh, 1995: 191 (catalog).

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the body entirely dark fuscous to black (some males) or with dorsum of head and pronotum yellowish brown with remainder of body dark fuscous to black (females, some males), antennal segments dark brown to fuscous, femora pale yellowish brown, tibiae brown, tarsi dark fuscous to black (fig. 2); labium not reaching posterior margin of mesosternum, male with vertex width subequal to length of antennal segment I, width clearly longer in female; width of pronotum more or less subequal with length of antennal segment II; metepisternum dorsal to evaporative area of scent gland with microtrichia (fig. 20C). This species shares several significant characters, including the male genitalia, with J. cruralis and J. sinaloa . All, as seen from above, are almost devoid of setae including on the costal margin of the hemelytron. The cuticular sculpturing on the hemelytron is prominent and very easy to see. All are about equal in size. The similarity in color between J. genetivus and J. cruralis pertains to those males of J. genetivus that have a uniformly dark fuscous to black pronotum. The antenna of J. genetivus is dark fuscous whereas it is pale in J. cruralis and J. sinaloa . The last species is conspicuously uniformly pale yellowish brown.

REDESCRIPTION: Male: COLORATION: Generally body either entirely dark fuscous to black or frequently with dorsum of head and pronotum yellowish brown with remain- der of body dark fuscous to black. Head ranging from almost completely yellowish brown (rare) to black with fuscous markings occurring as a spot on vertex near each eye, posterior margin of vertex and basal half of clypeus and adjacent region of frons; antennal segments dark brown to fuscous, segment II sometimes darker than others; labium pale yellow, segment I fuscous at base or sometimes entirely so, apex of labium fuscous. Pronotum usually fuscous to black, dorsum also sometimes yellowish brown. Hemelytron dark fuscous to black; coxa usually pale with base of metacoxa pale, femora pale yellowish brown, tibiae brown, tarsi dark fuscous to black. Abdomen dark fuscous to black. VESTITURE: Body as seen from above glabrous, almost devoid of setae. Head with short sparse setae; segment I of antenna with a few scattered semierect setae, remaining segments covered with short decumbent setae with very few, if any, as long as diameter of segment on which located. Pronotum almost without setae, those present most commonly decumbent and located along lateral margins; meso- and metapleurae with scattered erect setae; hemelytron with short decumbent setae located along costal margin and on or near cuneus; underside of abdomen with moderate numbers of semierect setae. GEN- ITALIA (fig. 21): Genital segment with bifurcate tergal process projecting from region slightly to right of midline on dorsal margin of aperture; lateral process smoothly margined, elongate, curved medially with rounded apex, medial base of process with minute dorsal point; ventroposterior margin of capsule with minute notch; distal width of subgenital plate moderately wide, strongly projecting beyond aperture of capsule on right side. Left paramere C-shaped in dorsal view; without sensory lobe; diameter of paramere gradually expanded to wide deeply

0.20 mm.

notched apical region with small ventral point and wide, rounded dorsolateral margin. Right paramere elongate, C-shaped, slightly more than twice length of left paramere; diameter of paramere widest basally, gradually tapered to strongly recurved apex; apex terminating in two small spines; distal region with several stout medial spines. Phallotheca elongate conical, 1/3 length of spiculum; aperture large, open on right side, apex, and distal on left side. Vesica with one, long medially thickened spiculum, situated on dorsal surface of ductus seminis; apically region of spiculum bifurcate with recurved, flattened, strongly serrate branches reaching to base of spiculum, one branch twice as wide as other; base of spiculum sinuate, broadly affixed to dorsal margin of ductus, base of spiculum with narrow, pointed process behind ductus seminis on left side.

Female: Broader in general appearance than male. COLORATION: Generally body with dorsum of head and dorsum of pronotum, sometimes all of prothorax yellowish brown but with some fuscous coloration on head, remainder of body dark fuscous to black; head ranging from almost entirely yellowish brown (rare) to yellowish brown with limited fuscous areas above, apex of clypeus, maxillary plate, and underside of head dark fuscous to black; segment I of antenna brown, remaining segments usually yellowish brown, darker fuscous apically or segments III and IV uniformly pale fuscous; labium pale yellow, fuscous to black at base of segment I and apex of labium. Pronotum ranging from all yellowish brown (rare) to yellowish-brown coloration limited to dorsum, remainder of body same as male.

VESTITURE: Similar to that of males. GENITALIA with strongly sclerotized lateral region of VLP produced anteriorly, ventral margin, not produced ventrally into VUL; SR moderately large, ovoid in longitudinal axis; medial region of DLP relatively small; posterior wall with well-sclerotized, convex medial section with small anterior projection; ventral margin of IRL not deeply incised (fig. 19B) with ventralmost margin blunt; otherwise as in generic description.

MEASUREMENTS: Male (n 5 20; average followed in parentheses by range): Length, 4.38 (3.94–4.70); width, 1.53 (1.40– 1.66). Head length, 0.23 (0.18–0.26); width, 0.91 (0.84–0.92); vertex width, 0.40 (0.38– 0.44). Length of antennal segment I, 0.38 (0.36–0.42); II, 1.41 (1.28–1.54); III, 1.05 (0.96–1.14); IV, 0.44 (0.38–0.50). Pronotal length, 0.70 (0.64–0.74); width across base, 1.36 (1.22–1.44). Cuneal length, 0.72 (0.64– 0.80); width across base, 0.51 (0.46–0.54).

Female: (n 5 20; average followed in parentheses by range): Length, 4.28 (3.84– 4.60); width, 1.79 (1.64–1.90). Head length, 0.28 (0.24–0.32); width, 0.93 (0.90–0.96); vertex width, 0.45 (0.42–0.46). Length of antennal segment I, 0.38 (0.36–0.40); II, 1.45 (1.32–1.58); III, 1.00 (0.92–1.10); IV, 0.47 (0.38–0.50). Pronotal length, 0.75 (0.70– 0.84); width across base, 1.41 (1.34–1.52).

DISCUSSION: No other species of Jornandes has the type of color variation exhibited by this species. All specimens as seen from above have dark fuscous to black hemelytra. All females have the dorsum of the pronotum yellowish brown that may extend downward to varying degrees onto the propleuron. The majority of the males available for study have the hemelytra and pronotum dark fuscous to black. The head is usually dark fuscous and with a few brown areas. Other males have the pronotum and head yellowish brown as in the female. Rarely the pronotum is mostly dark with yellowish brown limited to a diffuse medial area. The recurved region of the vesical spiculum in Chiapas males is narrower and situated closer to the main body of the spiculum than in the vesical spiculum of specimens from the reminder of the distribution of J. genetivus . The vesical spiculum of J. cruralis , J. genetivus , and J. sinaloa are conspicuously bifurcate with broad central trunks and all share apically spinose, elongate right parameres.

The female lectotype is deposited in the Humboldt University Museum in Berlin, Germany. The specimen is teneral, however, the yellowish-brown pronotum, elongate body, and mostly parallel-sided costal margin easily distinguish this species from congeners. The measurements of the lectotype given by Carvalho and Dolling (1976) and as examined by us fit within the range given above.

HOST PLANTS: Montana tomentosa Cerv. (Asteraceae) , Ipomoea walcotiana Rose (Convolvulaceae) , and Euphorbiaceae .

DISTRIBUTION: Known from 54 localities from northern Puebla and Mexico state south through Morelos, Guerrero, and Oaxaca with one collection in Chiapas (fig. 10C).

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MEXICO: Chiapas: km 20 Motozintla–Comitan, 15.43324 ° N 92.12 ° W, 900 m, 08 Jul 1988, A. Cadena and L. Cervantes, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245155 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245156 ) ( TAMU). Guerrero: 4 mi W of Chilpancingo, 17.56992 ° N 99.56555 ° W, 1506 m, 15 Jul 1984, Carroll, Schaffner, Friedlander, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245175 ) ( TAMU). 6 mi E of Xochipala, 17.7936 ° N 99.54263 ° W, 1067 m, 18 Jul 1984, Carroll, Schaffner, Friedlander, 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00106432 , AMNH _ PBI 00245177 – AMNH _ PBI 00245178 ) ( TAMU). 6 mi NE of Tixtla de Guerrero, 17.64501 ° N 99.36861 ° W, 16 Jul 1984, Carroll, Schaffner, Friedlander, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245022 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245023 , AMNH _ PBI 00245024 ) ( TAMU). Chilpancingo, 17.55 ° N 99.5 ° W, 1402 m, 24 Jul 1961, R. and K. Dreisbach, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00134073 ) ( USNM). Taxco, 18.55976 ° N 99.61491 ° W, 2072 m, 02 Sep 1966, J. and W. Ivie, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00108439 ) ( AMNH); 02 Aug 1938, L. J. Lipovsky, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245176 ) ( UCB). Mexico: Malinalco, 18.95 ° N 99.5 ° W, 1743 m, 26 Jun 1980, Harry Brailovsky, 1♀ ( UNAM); 24 Oct 1977, D. Pluot, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00243973 ), 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00243974 – AMNH _ PBI 00243976 ) ( MNHN). Tenayuca, 19.5269 ° N 99.2217 ° W, 2277 m, 28 Oct 1994, H. Brailovsky and C. Mayorga, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244691 ) ( UNAM). Morelos: 10 mi E of Cuernavaca, 18.9166 ° N 99.09631 ° W, 30 Jul 1976, Peigler, Gruetzmacher, R &M Murray, Schaffner, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00106431 , AMNH _ PBI 00245043 ) ( TAMU). 12 mi E of Cuernavaca, 18.89741 ° N 99.06354 ° W, 1280 m, 12 Aug 1954, R. R. Dreisbach, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00121643 ) ( CAS). 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00114327 – AMNH _ PBI 00114330 ) ( CNC). 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00127450 ) ( UMMC); 14 Aug 1954, J. G. Chillcott, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00112263 ), 8♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00113158 – AMNH _ PBI 00113163 , AMNH_PBI 00114334– AMNH _ PBI 00114335 ) ( CNC); 14 Aug 1954, University of Kansas Mexico Expedition , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00117947 ) ( KU). 14 mi S of Cuernavaca, 18.72454 ° N 99.26772 ° W, 975 m, 03 Aug 1954, J. G. Chillcott, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112266 , AMNH _ PBI 00113164 ) ( CNC). 4.4 mi E of Cuernavaca, 18.91665 ° N 99.18237 ° W, 06 Jul 1974 – 08 Jul 1974, Clark, Murray, Ashe, Schaffner, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245042 ) ( TAMU); 27 Jul 1976 – 29 Jul 1976, Peigler, Gruetzmacher, R. and M. Murray, Schaffner, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245041 ), 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245038 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245039 , AMNH _ PBI 00245040 ) ( TAMU). Acatlipa, 89 km, 18.81667 ° N 99.23333 ° W, 1300 m, 10 Aug 1946, Unknown, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00108422 ) ( AMNH). Cuernavaca , 18.91666 ° N 99.25 ° W, 15 Aug 1954, R. R. Dreisbach, 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00127388 , AMNH _ PBI 00127446 – AMNH _ PBI 00127447 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00127448 , AMNH _ PBI 00127449 ) ( UMMC); 12 Jul 1961 – 19 Jul 1961, R. and K. Dreisbach, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00134070 , AMNH _ PBI 00134071 ) ( USNM); 20 Aug 1936, E. D. Ball, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00134072 ) ( USNM). El Polvorin, Villa de Ayala , 18.75 ° N 98.98333 ° W, 1147 m, 09 Jul 1972, H. Perez, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245173 ) ( TAMU). 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244684 ) ( UNAM). km 14 Huautla-Jojutla a 123 Art, 18.54324 ° N 99.26731 ° W, 1055 m, 05 Jul 1995, H. Brailovsky and E. Barrera, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244692 ) ( UNAM). Oaxaca: 1.1 km N of Hwy 190 (rd to Yagul) 29.5 km E of Oaxaca, 16.98293 ° N 96.45529 ° W, 1700 m, 13 Aug 1988, J. K. Liebherr and D. A. Yager, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00116224 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00116225 ) ( CUIC). 1.1 mi W of El Tule, 16.95676 ° N 96.81482 ° W, 1646 m, 17 Jul 1987, Kovarik and Schaffner, 73 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244685 – AMNH _ PBI 00244686 , AMNH_PBI 00245025– AMNH _ PBI 00245029 ), 5♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244687 , AMNH _ PBI 00245030 – AMNH _ PBI 00245033 ) ( TAMU). 10 mi N of Miltepec, 16.71209 ° N 94.61666 ° W, 04 Aug 1976, Peigler, Gruetzmacher, R &M Murray, Schaffner, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00094247 ) ( CNC). Monarda tomentosa Cerv. (Asteraceae) , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244969 ), 8♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244970 – AMNH _ PBI 00244977 ), 53 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244957 – AMNH _ PBI 00244961 ), 7♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244962 – AMNH _ PBI 00244968 ) ( TAMU); 15 Jul 1971 – 16 Jul 1971, Clark, Murray, Hart, Schaffner, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00112262 ) ( CNC). Ipomoea walcotiana Rose (Convolvulaceae) , 103 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244842 – AMNH _ PBI 00244851 ), 9♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244852 – AMNH _ PBI 00244860 ), 103 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244820 – AMNH _ PBI 00244829 ), 12♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244830 – AMNH _ PBI 00244841 ) ( TAMU); 11 Jul 1973 – 12 Jul 1973, Mastro and Schaffner, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244869 ) ( TAMU); 09 Aug 1980, Schaffner, Weaver, Friedlander, Ipomoea walcotiana Rose (Convolvulaceae) , 53 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244861 – AMNH _ PBI 00244865 ), 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244866 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244867 , AMNH _ PBI 00244868 ) ( TAMU); 15 Jul 1971, Clark, Murray, Hart, Schaffner, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 02448670 ) ( TAMU). 21 km E of Mitla, 16.94929 ° N 96.2529 ° W, 1650 m, 17 Aug 1988, Doyen, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119463 , AMNH _ PBI 00119464 ) ( UCB). 3.4 mi SE of Matatlan, 16.82948 ° N 96.3544 ° W, 1930 m, 06 Aug 1980 – 07 Aug 1980, Schaffner, Weaver, Friedlander, 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245034 – AMNH _ PBI 00245036 ) ( TAMU). 30 mi NE of Huajuapan de Leon, 18.10746 ° N 97.74907 ° W, 1800 m, 28 Jun 1965, Burke, Meyer, Schaffner, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112261 ) ( CNC). Ipomoea walcotiana Vasey (Convolvulaceae) , 5♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244918 – AMNH _ PBI 00244922 ), 93 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244908 – AMNH _ PBI 00244915 , AMNH _ PBI 00244917 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244916 ) ( TAMU). 31.3 km SE of Huajuapan de Leon, 17.66531 ° N 97.5606 ° W, 2000 m, 11 Aug 1988, J. K. Liebherr and D. A. Yager, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00116223 ) ( CUIC). Huajuapan , 17.8 ° N 97.76667 ° W, 1633 m, 25 Aug 1969, L. A. Kelton, ( Euphorbiaceae ), 173 ( AMNH _ PBI 00112259 , AMNH _ PBI 00112439 ,AMNH_PBI 00112962, AMNH_PBI 00113205– AMNH _ PBI 00113218 ), 26♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112260 , AMNH _ PBI 00113219 – AMNH _ PBI 00113243 ), 23 ( AMNH _ PBI 00111003 , AMNH _ PBI 00112920 ) ( CNC). Huajuapan de Leon , 17.8 ° N 97.76667 ° W, 1633 m, 17 Sep 1980, Harry Brailovsky, 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244680 – AMNH _ PBI 00244683 ) ( UNAM). 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00133593 ) ( USNM). Oaxaca , [17.03333 ° N 96.73333 ° W], Deppe, Lectotype, 1♀ ( ZMHB). Puebla: 0.5 km E of Tecamachalco, 18.88333 ° N 97.705 ° W, 2070 m, 29 Jul 1995, T. J. Henry and E. Barrera, Solanum sp. (Solanaceae) , 73 ( AMNH _ PBI 00133548 , AMNH _ PBI 00133591 , AMNH_PBI 00133763– AMNH _ PBI 00133767 ), 20♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00133768 – AMNH _ PBI 00133787 ) ( USNM). 1 mi SW of Zapotitlan, 19.99794 ° N 97.75225 ° W, 1293 m, 11 Jul 1973, Mastro and Schaffner , 103 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244923 – AMNH _ PBI 00244932 ), 9♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244933 – AMNH _ PBI 00244941 ) ( TAMU). 1.1 mi W of Acatlan, 18.19999 ° N 98.06683 ° W, 13 Jul 1974, Clark , Murray , Ashe , Schaffner , 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119131 – AMNH _ PBI 00119133 ) ( CNC). 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244956 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244954 , AMNH _ PBI 00244955 ), 83 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244942 – AMNH _ PBI 00244949 ), 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244950 – AMNH _ PBI 00244953 ) ( TAMU). 10 mi SE of Tehuitzingo, 18.24456 ° N 98.20488 ° W, 1189 m, 03 Jul 1953, University of Kansas Mexico Expedition , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00108421 ), 6♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00169968 - AMNH _ PBI 00169973 ) ( AMNH). 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00117943 – AMNH _ PBI 00117946 ) ( KU). 11.8 mi NW of Izucar de Matamoros, 18.66106 ° N 98.62248 ° W, 1395 m, 13 Jul 1974, Clark , Murray , Ashe , Schaffner , 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244715 – AMNH _ PBI 00244718 ) ( TAMU). 12 mi NW of Petlalcingo, 18.19489 ° N 98.04667 ° W, 1219 m, 03 Jul 1953, University of Kansas Mexico Expedition , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00117802 ) ( KU). 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00117942 ) ( KU). 13.7 mi SW of Izucar de Matamoros, 18.50612 ° N 98.63298 ° W, 1080 m, 21 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244721 ) ( TAMU). 14 km NE of Zinacantepec, 18.43666 ° N 97.215 ° W, 1920 m, 01 Aug 1995, T. J. Henry and H. Brailovsky, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00134079 ) ( USNM). 14 mi N of Acatlan, 19.00658 ° N 97.90422 ° W, 2262 m, 12 Aug 1978, Plitt and Schaffner , 23 ( AMNH _ PBI 00094265 , AMNH _ PBI 00094268 ) ( CNC). 103 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244756 – AMNH _ PBI 00244765 ), 22♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244769 – AMNH _ PBI 00244790 ) ( TAMU). 14.4 mi SW of Izucar de Matamoros, 18.5312 ° N 98.57215 ° W, 1268 m, 01 Aug 1976, Peigler , Gruetzmacher, R. and M. Murray, Schaffner , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00094264 ) ( CNC). 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244693 – AMNH _ PBI 00244695 ), 14♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244696 – AMNH _ PBI 00244709 ) ( TAMU). 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00107581 ) ( USNM). 14.5 mi SE of Acatlan, 18.9095 ° N 97.763 ° W, 2035 m, 21 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119116 , AMNH _ PBI 00119117 ) ( CNC). 143 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244978 – AMNH _ PBI 00244991 ), 30♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244992 – AMNH _ PBI 00245021 ) ( TAMU). 2 km N of Coxcatlan, 18.28307 ° N 97.15849 ° W, 960 m, 20 Aug 1988, J. T. Doyen, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119462 ) ( UCB). 3 km al NW de Tecaltzingo, 18.73191 ° N 97.68368 ° W, 1890 m, 04 Jul 1995, E. Barrera, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244688 , AMNH _ PBI 00244689 ) ( UNAM); 13 Aug 1992, E. Barrera and C. Mayorga, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244690 ) ( UNAM). 3 mi N of Petlalcingo, 18.1394 ° N 97.90568 ° W, 1465 m, 03 Aug 1963, F. D. Parker and L. A. Stange, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245169 ) ( UCB). 33 km SE of Acatlan, nr Salitrillo , 17.97866 ° N 97.87666 ° W, 1500 m, 09 Aug 1988, J. Doyen, 23 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119457 , AMNH _ PBI 00119531 ), 8♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119520 – AMNH _ PBI 00119522 , AMNH_PBI 00119532– AMNH_PBI 00119535, AMNH _ PBI 00119588 ) ( UCB). 36 km NW of Huajuapan de Leon, 18.07587 ° N 97.9279 ° W, 1600 m, 09 Aug 1988, J. K. Liebherr and D. A. Yager, 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00116226 , AMNH _ PBI 00116227 ) ( CUIC). 4 mi SW of Acatepec, 18.9922 ° N 98.32683 ° W, 21 Jul 1984, Carroll , Schaffner , Friedlander , 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00094263 , AMNH _ PBI 00119130 ) ( CNC); 11 Jul 1973, Mastro and Schaffner , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00094267 ) ( CNC). 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244735 – AMNH _ PBI 00244737 ), 4♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244738 – AMNH _ PBI 00244741 ) ( TAMU). 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00107582 ) ( USNM). 4 mi W of Acatepec, 19.03332 ° N 98.34485 ° W, 12 Aug 1978, Plitt and Schaffner , 33 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244766 – AMNH _ PBI 00244768 ), 9♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244791 – AMNH _ PBI 00244799 ) ( TAMU); 09 Aug 1980, Schaffner , Weaver , Friedlander , Ipomoea walcotiana Rose (Convolvulaceae) , 23 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244752 , AMNH _ PBI 00244753 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244754 , AMNH _ PBI 00244755 ) ( TAMU); 26 Jul 1973, Mastro and Schaffner , 93 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244724 – AMNH _ PBI 00244732 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244733 , AMNH _ PBI 00244734 ) ( TAMU). 4.3 mi SW of Acatepec, 19.03229 ° N 98.28407 ° W, 2141 m, 16 Jul 1971, Clark , Murray , Hart , Schaffner , 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244742 – AMNH _ PBI 00244744 ) ( TAMU). 4.4 mi SW of Acatepec, 18.98809 ° N 98.33118 ° W, 26 Jul 1974, Clark , Murray , Ashe , Schaffner , 133 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244800 – AMNH _ PBI 00244812 ), 7♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244813 – AMNH _ PBI 00244819 ) ( TAMU); 09 Jul 1977, J. C. Schaffner, 63 ( AMNH _ PBI 00094266 , AMNH _ PBI 00119115 , AMNH_PBI 00184939– AMNH _ PBI 00184942 ) ( CNC). 573 ( AMNH _ PBI 00118205 , AMNH _ PBI 00245048 – AMNH _ PBI 00245103 ), 51♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245104 – AMNH _ PBI 00245154 ) ( TAMU); 09 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244745 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244746 ) ( TAMU); 21 Jul 1984, J. B. Woolley, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244747 ), 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244748 , AMNH _ PBI 00244749 ) ( TAMU); 24 Jul 1984, Carroll , Schaffner , Woolley , Friedlander , 13( AMNH _ PBI00244750 )( TAMU); 21 Jul 1984, Carroll , Schaffner , Friedlander , 193 ( AMNH _ PBI 00244871 – AMNH _ PBI 00244889 ), 18♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244890 – AMNH _ PBI 00244907 ) ( TAMU). 5 km NE of Zinacantepec, 18.37 ° N 97.21 ° W, 1290 m, 01 Aug 1995, T. J. Henry and E. Barrera, 23 ( AMNH _ PBI 00133549 , AMNH _ PBI 00133788 ), 12♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00133789 - AMNH _ PBI 00133800 ) ( USNM). 5 mi SE of Izucar de Matamoros, 18.54858 ° N 98.41242 ° W, 20 Jul 1984, Carroll , Schaffner , Friedlander , 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244722 , AMNH _ PBI 00244723 ) ( TAMU). 6 km S of Chila, 20.27564 ° N 98.19646 ° W, 1737 m, 10 Aug 1967, H.R. Burke and J. Hafernik, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245037 ) ( TAMU). 6 mi N of Tehuacan, 18.59464 ° N 97.4041 ° W, 1986 m, 22 Aug 1987, J. Doyen, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119460 ) ( UCB). 6 mi SW of Tehuacan, 18.3883 ° N 97.44836 ° W, 08 Jul 1973 – 10 Jul 1973, Mastro and Schaffner , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00106430 ) ( TAMU); 08 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245047 ) ( TAMU). 6.3 mi N of Tehuacan, 18.53786 ° N 97.41726 ° W, 1798 m, 22 Jul 1987, Kovarik and Schaffner , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00245044 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245045 ) ( TAMU); 21 Jun 1987, R. Anderson, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00245046 ) ( TAMU). 7 mi N of Atlixco, 18.97124 ° N 98.35886 ° W, 2168 m, 12 Aug 1957, J. A. Chemsak, B.J. Rannells, 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119461 ), 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00119589 ) ( UCB). 7.3 mi SW of Izucar de Matamoros, 18.52184 ° N 98.57917 ° W, 22 Jul 1981, Bogar , Schaffner and Friedlander , 13 ( AMNH _ PBI 00119114 ) ( CNC). 23( AMNH _ PBI 00244710 , AMNH _ PBI 00244711 ), 3♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244712 – AMNH _ PBI 00244714 ) ( TAMU); 01 Aug 1976, Peigler , Gruetzmacher, R. and M. Murray, Schaffner , 2♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00244719 , AMNH _ PBI 00244720 ) ( TAMU). Chila , 20.3 ° N 98.2 ° W, 1200 m, 25 Aug 1969, L. A. Kelton, 5♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112265 , AMNH _ PBI 00112963 , AMNH_PBI 00114331– AMNH _ PBI 00114333 ) ( CNC). San Martin Texmelucan , 19.28333 ° N 98.43333 ° W, 2237 m, 27 Aug 1969, L. A. Kelton, 1♀ ( AMNH _ PBI 00112264 ) ( CNC).