Haetosmia ethiopiensis Müller & Griswold, 2017

Müller, Andreas & Griswold, Terry, 2017, Osmiine bees of the genus Haetosmia (Megachilidae, Osmiini): biology, taxonomy and key to species, Zootaxa 4358 (2), pp. 351-364 : 357-359

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4358.2.8

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3C32AC98-ACBC-42C9-8B73-1BE92E8BBED1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052023

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C344274-2723-FFE4-FCDD-43DCFC16FE6C

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Haetosmia ethiopiensis Müller & Griswold
status

sp. nov.

Haetosmia ethiopiensis Müller & Griswold View in CoL spec. nov.

Holotype. ETHIOPIA: Wachile env., 4°32'N 39°03'E, 1070 m, 22.5.– 31.5.2015, ♀ (leg. J. Halada). Deposited in the private collection of M. Schwarz (Ansfelden). GoogleMaps

Paratypes. ETHIOPIA: Wachile env., 4°32'N 39°03'E, 1070 m, 22.5.– 31.5.2015, 11♀, 20♂ (leg. J. Halada) GoogleMaps ; Oromia, Koka , 8°26'N 39°02'E, 6.10.2010, 1♀, 1♂ (leg. A. Pauly) GoogleMaps . SOMALIA: Shbeellaha Hoose, Afgoye, 21.2.1980, 1♂ (leg. A. Mochi) . KENYA: Rift Valley, Samburu, Uaso Nyiro River, Archer’s Post , 12.12.1969, 1♀ (leg. M.E. Irwin, E.S. Ross) ; eastern Province, near Ewaso Ngiro River opposite Archer’s Post , 2– 8.12.2002, 1♀, 2♂ (leg. M.A. Prentice) . TANZANIA: Arusha, Kia Lodge , 5 km E of Kilimanjaro airport, 3.4218°S 37.0758°E, 26.1.2007, 1♀ (leg. Z. Nyiro). Deposited in the Entomological Collection of ETH Zurich, the U.S. National Pollinating Insects Collection of the USDA-ARS Pollinating Insects Research Unit, Logan GoogleMaps , Utah, and the private collections of M. Schwarz (Ansfelden), A. Pauly (Brussels) and the first author.

Diagnosis. The female of H. ethiopiensis differs from the other Haetosmia species by the lack of appressed white pilosity of thick plumose hairs on gena, metanotum and disc of tergum 4 as well as along the posterior margins of vertex, scutum and scutellum ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Further separating characters are the distinctly sparser punctation of the scutum ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10–14 ), the darker antenna and tergal margins, the punctate tegula and the only weakly bulged base of the clypeus. The male differs from the other Haetosmia species except for H. pakistaniensis and H. vechti by the numerous inwardly directed bristles on the underside of the gonoforceps ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Compared to H. pakistaniensis and H. vechti , these bristles are apically much more strongly bent and of a darker colour in H. ethiopiensis . Further characters distinguishing the male of H. ethiopiensis from the two other species are the blackish antenna ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10–14 ), the shorter flagellar segments ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10–14 ), the lack of appressed white pilosity on the base of tergum 1 and the disc of tergum 4, the straight to very shallowly emarginate apical margin of sterna 4 and 5 ( Fig. View FIGURES 10–14

14) and the only narrowly separated tufts of yellowish-white hairs on sternum 6, which follow the sternal margin ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10–14 ).

Description. FEMALE: Body length 5.5–6.5 mm. Head: Head 0.92–0.94x as long as wide. Distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital ridge 2.0–2.2x as long as ocellar diameter. Distance between inner margins of lateral ocelli as long as distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital ridge or slightly shorter. Second segment of labial palpus about 2.5x as long as first segment and beset with numerous long, erect and apically capitate bristles. Maximal width of genal area about 0.6x as long as maximal width of compound eye. Mandible threetoothed, densely covered subapically with appressed yellowish pilosity. Base of clypeus weakly bulged, in profile only slightly surpassing surface of supraclypeal area. Apical half of clypeus with thin yellowish pilosity distinctly contrasting with the thick white pilosity of clypeal base, supraclypeal area, paraocular area and frons. Gena with sparse white pubescence not obscuring integument ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Vertex without appressed white pilosity ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Antenna dark brown to black. Mesosoma: Punctation of scutum scattered with interspaces varying in size between the diameter of one and the diameter of three, rarely more punctures ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Punctation of scutellum dense with interspaces rarely exceeding the diameter of one puncture ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Tegula yellowish, along its inner margin blackish ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Tegula with several punctures in its posteriormost part. Lateral margins of scutum, pronotum, upper two thirds of mesepisternum and propodeum except for its basal area covered with rather dense white pilosity ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Posterior margin of scutum and scutellum as well as metanotum without appressed white pilosity ( Fig. 11 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Basitarsus of foreleg distinctly broadened. Posterior margin of tibia and basitarsus of foreleg with very long white hairs ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Exterior surface of tibia of foreleg, of femur and tibia of middle leg and of coxa, femur and tibia of hind leg partly or entirely covered with appressed white pilosity ( Fig.10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Veins of forewing basally yellow and apically yellowish-brown; subcosta and lower margin of stigma brown. Metasoma: Punctation of terga 1 and 4 dense with interspaces rarely exceeding the diameter of one puncture, of terga 2 and 3 slightly more scattered with interspaces reaching the diameter of one to two, rarely more punctures. Marginal zones of terga 1–5 narrowly dark reddish-brown. Terga 1–4 with white apical hair bands but without appressed white pilosity on discs except for lateralmost parts of tergal disc 1 ( Fig.10 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Terga 5–6 densely covered with appressed white pilosity. Scopa white.

MALE: Body length 5–6.5 mm. Head: Head 0.83–0.86x as long as wide. Distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital ridge 1.96-2.05x as long as ocellar diameter. Distance between inner margins of lateral ocelli as long as distance between lateral ocellus and preoccipital ridge or slightly longer. Second segment of labial palpus about 2.5x as long as first segment. Maximal width of genal area about 0.4x as long as maximal width of compound eye. Mandible two-toothed. Frons, paraocular area, supraclypeal area and clypeus covered with dense white pilosity. Gena with sparse white pubescence not obscuring integument. Vertex without appressed white pilosity. Antenna dark brown to black ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Antennal segments 4–12 about 1.1x as long as wide ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Mesosoma: Punctation of scutum and scutellum rather dense with interspaces rarely exceeding the diameter of one puncture except for the lateral parts of the scutum where the punctation is often slightly more scattered. Tegula yellowish, along its inner margin blackish. Pilosity of mesosoma and legs as well as colour of veins of forewing similar to female. Metasoma: Punctation and pilosity of terga similar to female. Marginal zones of terga 1–6(7) yellowishbrown. Tergum 6 with lateral tooth. Tergum 7 broadly truncate with preapical median swelling. Sternum 2 basally concave and in its apical third slightly raised and weakly swollen; its apical margin medially shallowly emarginate. Sternum 3 covered with short, dense and fine yellowish pilosity; its apical margin with wide and shallow emargination, which is densely beset with yellowish hairs. Apical margin of sternum 4 medially almost straight to very shallowly emarginate ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Apical margin of sternum 5 medially very shallowly emarginate, densely punctured and ciliated with numerous short yellowish-white hairs ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Sternum 6 deeply concave and with two distinct tufts of yellowish-white hairs, which follow its apical margin and are narrowly separated from each other ( Fig. 14 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Underside of gonoforceps with numerous inwardly directed and rather weak bristles, which are dark yellowish-brown and apically bent at right angles ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10–14 ). Longest hairs on underside of apical fifth of gonoforceps distinctly longer than width of gonoforceps ( Fig. 13 View FIGURES 10–14 ).

Distribution. Eastern Africa from central Ethiopia and Somalia over Kenya to northern Tanzania ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ). The type locality near Wachile in southern Ethiopia has an annual mean rainfall of about 440 mm ( Coppock 1994) and floristically belongs to the Acacia-Commiphora woodland and bushland ( Friis et al. 2010). This vegetation type, which consists mainly of dry woodlands and scrub on commonly sandy soils, is characterized by drought tolerant trees and shrubs (e.g. Acacia, Balanites, Commiphora, Euphorbia, Aloe ) with the understory mainly consisting of shrubby herbs less than one meter high (e.g. Acalypha, Barleria , Aerva ), perennial herbs and mainly annual grasses ( Demissev & Nordal 2010).

Pollen hosts. All eight pollen loads (from three different localities in Ethiopia and Kenya) exclusively consisted of pollen of Heliotropium , suggesting a probable exclusive preference for this plant genus as pollen source.

Nesting biology. Unknown.

Notes. The few data suggest that H. ethiopiensis might have two generations per year.

Etymology. The species epithet “ ethiopiensis ” means “from Ethiopia ”.

ETH

Kultursammlungen der Eidgenosische Technische Hochschule

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Hymenoptera

Family

Megachilidae

Genus

Haetosmia

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