Dineura parcivalvis (Konow, 1901)

Liston, Andrew, Prous, Marko & Vårdal, Hege, 2019, The West Palaearctic Dineura species, focussing on Sweden (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), Zootaxa 4612 (4), pp. 501-517 : 505

Dineura parcivalvis (Konow, 1901)

Pontania parcivalvis Konow, 1901a: 83 [key], subsequent description Konow 1901b: 128. Syntypes ♀, lectotype ♀ (DEI- GISHym31791, images: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.7851215), designated by Lindqvist (1955) by inference of “ holotype ”, examined, in SDEI. Type locality: Livonia, Dorpat [= Estonia, Tartu].

Dineura parcivalvis: Conde (1938) ; new combination, treated as synonym of Dineura stilata var. testaceipes .

Taxonomy. Treated here as separate from testaceipes because of its different genetics ( Fig. 1 ), larval host, and penis valve morphology.

Additional description. Body length: ♀ 4.5–6.0mm, ♂ 4.5–5.0mm. Female (Fig. 17): Head black, except for brown labrum, and sometimes anterior of clypeus and underside of antennal flagellum. Thorax black, except for pale tegula, more or less pronotum, and legs. Sterna of abdomen and downturned lateral parts of terga from largely pale to nearly completely black; dorsum of abdomen black. Pterostigma uniformly brown. The five examined European female parcivalvis are very similar in colour at least to two specimens examined from Primorsky Krai, with the pronotum and venter of the abdomen extensively pale. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that there are darker specimens with darker venter and pronotum, which could be confused with possible additional species in East Palaearctic ( Fig. 1 ). Lancet: Fig. 27. Male (Fig. 18): Coloration and variability similar to female: the single examined European male very pale. Penis valve: ventral spine about as long as dorsal one; ventral spine rather abruptly tapering after medial constriction, and distal portion about as long as basal portion ( Figs 34–35 ).

Total number of specimens examined: 1♂, 7♀.

Similar species. Morphology and coloration very similar to Dineura testaceipes . Liston (2015) presented some characters, several of which had already been proposed by Lindqvist (1955), that were thought to be suitable for separating the females of parcivalvis and testaceipes . After checking a larger number of specimens of both species (identified primarily by barcoding, or because they were reared from Sorbus ), all these characters were found to be so variable in both species, except apparently for the proportions of the distal antennomeres, that they can no longer be recommended for determination. The males are distinguishable by differences in their penis valves (see key), but the female lancets are very similar, particularly the lamnium. Perhaps the shape of the tangium may be diagnostic, but this needs to be checked for a larger number of specimens: in parcivalvis tangium roughly triangular and higher in proportion to length (Fig. 27) than the proportionately lower and more rhomboid tangium of testaceipes (Fig. 26).

Life history. Host plant: Prunus padus ( Kontuniemi 1960) .

Distribution. Estonia ( Taeger et al. 2006; the record from Latvia is probably in error for Estonia, according to Viitasaari et al. 1998), Finland, Belarus ( Pankevich 1973),? Czech Republic ( Lindqvist 1955), Germany, and Russian Far East ( Liston 2015). Occurrence in Sweden: published records: none. Material examined: none.

Specimens examined. Finland: 1♂, Helsinki, leg. O. Winter (http://id.luomus.fi/GL.2412) ( FMNH) . Germany: 2♀, Brandenburg, Waldsieversdorf, 19.05.2006 (DEI-GISHym11575), 25.05.2006 (DEI-GISHym11574), leg. Lis- ton ( SDEI). Russian Far East : 2♀ (including DEI-GISHym88715).

Figures

FIGURE 1 Maximum likelihood tree of Dineura based on four genes (COI, NaK, POL2, TPI). Included in the analyses were specimens sequenced at least for COI and one nuclear gene (TPI). Best-fit model chosen according to Bayesian information criterion was TIM2+R2. Numbers above branches show SH-aLRT support (%) / ultrafast bootstrap support (%) values. Support values for weakly supported branches (<90) are not shown. Numbers at the end of the tip labels refer to the length of the sequence and the number of ambiguous positions (e.g. heterozygosities). Dineura militaris was used to root the tree. Specimen DEI-GISHym19664 was previously determined as D. pullior. The scale bar shows the number of estimated substitutions per nucleotide position.

FIGURES 28–35. Dineura, penis valves. 28 virididorsata ♂, penis valve (80155). 29 virididorsata ♂, penis valve (19664; formerly det. pullior). 30–31 stilata ♂, penis valve (11350). 32–33 Dineura testaceipes ♂, penis valve (31800). 34 Dineura parcivalvis ♂, Russian Far East, penis valve (80232). 35 Dineura parcivalvis ♂, Finland, penis valve [“allotyp” FMNH].