Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch, 1837)

Kovařík, František, 2004, A review of the genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, with descriptions of seven new species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae), Euscorpius 15 (15), pp. 1-60 : 15

Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch, 1837)

( Fig. 14 )

Buthus fulvipes C. L. Koch, 1837: 45 , fig. 278; C. L. Koch, 1850: 87.

Pandinus fulvipes : Karsch, 1887: 67; Thorell, 1888: 329; Simon, 1905: 161.

Scorpio fulvipes : Simon, 1885: 23; Kraepelin, 1895: 44; Pocock, 1893: 304.

Palamnaeus fulvipes : Pocock, 1900: 87; Henderson, 1919: 381; Cekalovic, 1982: 191.

Heterometrus fulvipes : Kraepelin, 1899: 112; Masi, 1912: 124; Kraepelin, 1913: 166; Kopstein, 1921: 133; Kopstein, 1923: 186; Kopstein, 1926: 111; Kopstein, 1927: 104; Giltay, 1931: 9; Werner, 1934: 277; Takashima, 1945: 91; Brignoli, 1985: 415; Hjelle, 1990: 26; Root, 1990: 354; Simard & Watt, 1990: 419; Sissom, 1990: 133; Warburg & Polis, 1990: 229; Pointer, 1991: 24; Dupré, Lambert & Gérard, 1998: 13.

Heterometrus (Scorpio) fulvipes : Kraepelin, 1901: 271.

Heterometrus (Chersonesometrus) fulvipes : Couzijn, 1978: 330; Couzijn, 1981: 133 (in part); Tikader & Bastawade, 1983: 599; Kovařík, 1997: 183; Kovařík, 1998: 136; Fet, 2000: 439; Bastawade, 2002: 296; Kovařík, 2002: 17.

= Palamnaeus fulvipes bombayensis Pocock, 1900: 89 (syn. by Couzijn, 1981: 133).

TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. India, Maharashtra, Násik ; BMNH.

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. India, Maharashtra, Násik, 1♀ (syntype of Palamnaeus fulvipes bombayensis Pocock, 1900 and neotype of Buthus fulvipes C. L. Koch, 1837 , designated by Couzijn, 1981: 134), BMNH No. 1913.1.6.27.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. India, 2♀ (ims.), leg. Kolle, ZMHB; east, X.1888, 1juv., HNHM; east, 1950, 2♀, FKCP; Tharigoppula, 8.II.1967, 1♀, 8.III.1967, 1juv., leg. A. L. Slater, CASC; Andhra Pradesh, Podili, 9.I.1967, 2♂ 7♀ 4juvs., 16.I.1967, 1♀ 1♂, 13.II.1967, 1♂ 10♀ 1im., leg. D. E. Johnson, CASC; Gujarat, Ahmedabad, 2♂, leg. Manning, BMNH No. 1930.4.11.1-2; 4 mi. E. Godhra, 175 m., 12.I.1962, 1im., CASC; Ahmedabad, 4.IV.1967, 3ims., 26.VII.1966, 1♂, IX.1966, 1♂, 18.XI.1966, 1juv., 20.XII.1966, 1♂ 1♀, leg. M. S. Dubale, CASC, Ahmedabad, 1967, 2♂ 1♀ A, FKCP; Karnataka, Hassan env., 2ims., 15–16.VI.1994, leg. R. Sauer, FKCP; Madhya Pradesh, Khaighat, 200 m., 18.I.1962, 1♀, CASC, 3 miles from Damoh, 20.VII.1965, 1im., leg. S. N. Banerjee, CASC; Maharastra, 17 mi. NE. Malegaon, 400 m., 15.I.1962, 1juv., leg. E. S. Ross and D. Q. Cavagnaro, CASC; Ajanta Caves, 500 m., 28.I.1962, 1♀ (im.), leg. E. S. Ross and D. Q. Cavagnaro, CASC; 3 mi. W. Edalabad, 240 m., 28.I.1962, 3juvs., leg. E. S. Ross and D. Q. Cavagnaro, CASC; 3 mi. W. Sakoli, 220 m., 30.I.1962, 2juvs., leg. E. S. Ross and D. Q. Cavagnaro, CASC; Bombay, 6.III.1967, 1♀, leg. S. R. Sane, CASC; Mysore, 6 mi NE Ramanagaram, 750 m, 25.II.1962, 1im., leg. E. S. Ross & D. Cavagnaro, CASC; Rajasthan, Alwar district, Naranimata env., 27 ° 05,46 N 76 ° 17,17 E, 380 m, VI–VIII.2002, 1♂, leg. P. Šrámek, FKCP; Uttar Pradesh, Agra, 43 Kandhari Road, 9.III.1964, 1im.6juvs., leg. S. Sina, CASC ; Agra, 9.III.1964, 19juvs., leg. S. Sina, CASC ; West Bengal, Calcutta, VI.1966, 1♂ (im.), leg. N. Das, CASC.

DIAGNOSIS. Adults 70–100 mm long. Color of adults uniformly reddish brown to black, legs and telson yellow to yellowish or reddish brown, always lighter colored than body. Pectinal teeth number 12–18 in both sexes. Male has longer femur and patella of pedipalp. Chela lobiform, its ratio between 1.7 and 1.9 in both sexes. Male and female chela of different shape but approximately same width. Entire manus covered by large, rounded granules but devoid of carinae. Patella of pedipalp without pronouced internal tubercle. Carapace of juveniles and some females with disc smooth, at margins granulate and anteriorly tuberculate. Males and some females with entire carapace sparsely granulate. Telson hirsute, vesicle longer than or as long as aculeus.

DISTRIBUTION. India: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu ( Pocock, 1900: 89, Couzijn, 1981: 134, Tikader & Bastawade, 1983: 603); Mysore, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal (first report). The type locality originally given as Java (C. L. Koch, 1837: 46) is considered erroneous (see Fet, 2000: 439). Also erroneous are records from Sri Lanka ( Pocock, 1900: 88) and Myanmar (Kopstein, 1921: 133).

Figures

Figure 14: Heterometrus fulvipes dorsal view, female neotype.