Phalium pseudobandatum, Tan & Ng & Nguang, 2013

Tan, S. K., Ng, H. E. & Nguang, L. H. S., 2013, A New Species Of Phalium Link, 1807 (Gastropoda: Tonnoidea: Cassidae) From The Sunda Shelf, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 61 (2), pp. 507-514 : 508

Phalium pseudobandatum , new species

( Figs. 1 , 2 A–C, 3B, 5)

Phalium bandatum ( Perry, 1811) – Dharma, 2005: p. 198, pl. 74, fig. 5a ([in part] non Cassidea bandata Perry, 1811 ).

dark cream colour with a brown zone at the anterior end. Parietal shield with a distinct groove at body whorl, lower half wrinkled, a few wrinkles present near the posterior sinus, parietal side of posterior sinus calloused, posterior sinus positioned at or extending above shoulder. Siphonal canal recurved, white darkening to a shade of cream at the edge.

Etymology. — The species epithet is derived from its morphological affinity to P. bandatum , with which it has been confused; the prefix ‘pseudo’ meaning false.

Distribution. — Sunda Shelf, in an area encompassing the eastern region of peninsular Malaysia and the Sunda Islands of Borneo, Sumatra and Java ( Fig. 5 ; Dharma, 2005: 198).

Remarks. — Only empty shells of Phalium pseudobandatum were obtained for this study, and its operculum and soft parts remain undescribed. Apart from the locality data no other information is available. This species seems to be rather rare. We found a single record that could be confirmed after a search of the literature; from Mesuji, South Sumatra ( Dharma, 2005: 198; in part as P. bandatum ). Most P. pseudobandatum specimens seen for this study are about 60 mm in shell height, and appear to be mature.

Material examined. — Holotype: 1 ex. (SH* 61.1 × SW 37.2) ( ZRC.MOL.3688), Peninsular Malaysia, Johor, off Sedili , trawled 20–25 m, on muddy sand bottom, coll. by local fishermen, 2010 . Paratypes: Malaysia: 1 ex. (SH* 60.3 × SW 34.4) ( ZRC.MOL.3689; paratype #1) , 2 ex. (SH* 60.5 × SW 36.4, SH* 62.9 × SW 36.4) ( CNHE; paratype #2 & #3), same data as holotype ; 1 ex. (SH 62 × SW 39) ( CLN; paratype #13), Johor, off Sedili , trawled, 1991 . Indonesia: 3 ex. (SH 41.6 × SW 24.5 – SH* 59.3 × SW 37.3) ( ZRC. MOL.3690; paratype #4–#6) ; 2 ex. (SH* 58.8 × SW 35.8, SH* 64.6 × SW 38.6) ( CNHE; paratype #7 & #8) , 2 ex. (SH* 52.1 × SW 30, SH* 63.4 × SW 37.5) ( CSY 409.3.63.0; paratype #9 & #10) , 2 ex. (SH* 56.7 × SW 35.6, SH* 59.3 × SW 35.9) ( CLN; paratype #11 & #12), Riau, off Natuna Islands , trawled ca. 20–32 m on muddy sand bottom, coll. by fishermen, Feb.–Aug.2008 .

Type locality. — Sedili , Johor, Peninsular Malaysia .

Description. — Shell medium-sized, ovate, pale cream to greyish-brown with five very faint indistinct spiral and/or a few wavy axial bands on the body whorl, surface usually smooth, occasionally malleated (with many small shallow indentations), body whorl shouldered by a row of white pointed triangular knobs, sometimes with a former varix on the spire or body whorl, spire concave in profile, whorls slightly convex. Outer lip strong and recurved, dorsal side white with 6 squarish brown blotches, ventral side white with 5–6 faint orange blotches, inner edge of lip denticulate, middle part thicker with a straight or convex profile, base of outer lip crenulate with 2–6 (usually obsolete) knobs, aperture

Figures

Fig. 1. Phalium pseudobandatum, new species, holotype (SH 61.1 × SW 37.2) (ZRC.MOL.3058).

Fig. 2. Shells of Phalium pseudobandatum, new species (A–C), P. bandatum (Perry, 1811) (D–E), and P. glaucum (Linnaeus, 1758) (F–G). A, off Sedili, Johor, Malaysia, (SH 60.3 × SW 34.4) (ZRC.MOL.3689; paratype #1); B–C, Natuna Islands, Riau, Indonesia, (SH 55.2 × SW 33.6, SH 59.3 × SW 37.3) (ZRC.MOL.3690; paratype #5 & #6). D, Townsville, Queensland, Australia (SH 83.1 × SW 52.1) (CLN); E, Olango Island, Cebu, Philippines (SH 110.9 × SW 72.2) (CNHE). F, Endau, Johor, Peninsular Malaysia (SH 101.4 × SW 67.4) (CNHE); G, Chek Jawa, Pulau Ubin, Singapore (SH 73.8 × SW 50.6) (ZRC.MOL.3687).

Fig. 5. Distribution of Phalium bandatum (square), P. glaucum (circle), P. exaratum (inverted triangle), and P. pseudobandatum (triangle). Solid symbols indicate material examined, while open symbols are literature records based onAbbott (1968), Kreipl (1997), Jarrett (2000), Qi (2004), Dharma (2005), and Thach (2005).