Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae ( Bechyne , 1948)

Cho, Hee-Wook, Kippenberg, Horst & Borowiec, Lech, 2016, Revision of the Gonioctenanivosa species-group (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in the Holarctic region, with descriptions of two new species, ZooKeys 596, pp. 87-128 : 113-117

Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Chrysomelidae

Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae ( Bechyne, 1948) Figs 11-12, 16, 63-65

Phytodecta springlovae Bechyně, 1948: 115, 116 (type locality: Japonia, Kioto).

Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae : Chûjô and Kimoto 1960: 5, 1961: 153; Gressitt and Kimoto 1963: 358, 362; Kimoto 1963: 17, 1964: 280, 282; Takizawa 1976: 454 (larva, pupa, biology); L. N. Medvedev 1992: 575 (as synonym of Gonioctena affinis ); Kimoto and Takizawa 1994: 139, 229, 302, 452, 498 (incl. larva and pupa); V. L. Medvedev 2004: 41; Takizawa 2007: 38, 42; Kippenberg 2010: 434.

Gonioctena springlovae : Takizawa 1971: 173; Cox 1996: 146 (pupa); Kudo and Hasegawa 2003: 729 (biology); Takahashi 2012: 289.

Phytodecta gracilicornis ?: Jacoby 1885: 210 (misidentification).

Type material.

Holotype: ♂ (NMPC), Japon, Kioto // TYPUS // Phytodecta TYPE springlovae n. sp. 1945 Det. J. Bechyně. // Coll. Achard Mus. Pragense // Mus. Nat. Pragae Inv. 18 960 // Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae ( Bechyně) Det. S. GE 2004.

Other material.

Japan (Hokkaido): 1♂ (NMPC), Japon, Kioto // TYPUS // Phytodecta springlovae ab. graduata n. ab. TYPE 1945 Det. J. Bechyně. // Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae ( Bechyně) Det. S. GE 2004; 1♂ (NMPC), Japon, Kioto // coll. Achard Mus. Pragense // TYPUS // Phytodecta springlovae ab. graduata n. ab. PARATYPE 1945 Det. J. Bechyně. // Mus. Nat. Pragae Inv. 18 961 // Gonioctena (Gonioctena) springlovae ( Bechyně) Det. S. GE 2004; 3♂♂ (JBC), Japan, Hokkaido, Eniwa Mt. 30 km S from Sapporo, Shikotsu-Toya N.P. 500 m, 6.VII.1997, lgt. V. Kostal; 1♀ (BMNH), Japan, G. Lewis. 1910-320. // Chiuzenji; 5♂♂, 1♀ (HCC), Japan, Hokkaido, Sapporo, Kannon-zawa, 29.V.1995, S. Kudo; 1♂, 1♀ (HCC), Japan, Hokkaido, Sapporo, Jozankei, 29.VIII.2011, H. Suenaga leg.; 1♂ (SEHU), Jozankei, Hokkaido, 22.VII.1955, M. Konishi; 1♂, 1♀ (SEHU), Hidaka, Hokkaido, 1955, S. Watanabe; 1♂ (AWC), JAPAN, Takahiro Parking Area, Bifuka, Hokkaido, 4.VII.2002, Y. Komiya lgt. Russia (Sakhalin): 1♂ (NHMB), Sakhalin, riv. Naiba, VIII.1991; 2♂♂ (BMNH), Russia, Saghalien, Central Expt. Sta.; 1♂ (SEHU), Saghalien, 16.VII.1933, Uchida, Okada, Sawamoto & Hoye legs; 4♂♂ (ZIN), Russia, Sakhalin Oblast, Sakhalin Island, Holmsky pass (approx. 47°N, 142°E), 1.VII.1982, Smirnov leg.

Diagnosis.

See diagnosis of Gonioctena gracilicornis .

Redescription.

Measurements in mm (n = 5): length of body: 5.70-6.20 (mean 6.00); width of body: 3.20-3.60 (mean 3.40); height of body: 2.30-2.50 (mean 2.42); width of head: 1.60-1.75 (mean 1.66); interocular distance: 1.10-1.20 (mean 1.13); width of apex of pronotum: 1.87-2.05 (mean 1.95); width of base of pronotum: 2.70-3.05 (mean 2.84); maximum width of pronotum: 2.72-3.07 (mean 2.87); length of pronotum along midline: 1.35-1.50 (mean 1.41); length of elytra along suture: 4.10-4.60 (mean 4.42).

Body oblong oval and moderately convex (Fig. 11). Coloration variable. Head black, with dark reddish brown band near apex of mandibles. Antennomeres 1-5 yellowish brown, generally darkened, 6-7 dark brown to blackish brown, 8-11 black. Pronotum entirely black. Scutellum black. Elytra reddish brown or yellowish brown, with 5 pairs of black spots, generally connected with each other, rarely elytra entirely black (Fig. 65). Venter black, with lateral margins of last abdominal ventrite reddish brown. Legs black, with tarsi blackish brown, sometimes tibiae largely dark brown to reddish brown.

Head. Vertex weakly convex, covered with sparse punctures, becoming coarser and denser toward sides. Frontal suture V-shaped, coronal suture absent. Frons flat, strongly depressed anteriorly, covered with moderately dense punctures. Clypeus narrow and trapezoidal. Anterior margin of labrum distinctly concave. Mandibles with 2 sharp apical teeth and a deep excavation for apical maxillary palpomere at outer side. Maxillary palps 4-segmented, with apical palpomere distinctly widened, truncate apically in male; slightly widened in female. Antennae in male longer than half length of body; antennomere 1 robust; antennomere 2 shorter than 3; antennomere 3 longer than 4; antennomeres 7-11 elongate; antennomere 11 longest, about 3.95 times as long as wide (Fig. 63). Antennae in female reaching elytral humeri; antennomere 11 about 2.58 times as long as wide.

Pronotum. Lateral sides widest near base, feebly rounded, slightly narrowed anteriorly, anterior angles strongly produced (Fig. 12). Anterior and lateral margins bordered, lateral margins well visible in dorsal view. Trichobothria present on posterior angles. Disc covered with sparse punctures; lateral sides covered with much coarser and denser punctures, becoming larger toward base, partially confluent near basal margin; interspaces covered with fine and sparse punctures. Scutellum variable in length, as long as wide, longer than wide or wider than long.

Elytra. Lateral sides slightly widened posteriorly, widest beyond middle, thence roundly narrowed posteriorly. Humeral calli well developed. Disc covered with 11 regular rows of large punctures, including a short scutellar row; interspaces shagreened, covered with fine and sparse punctures. Epipleura wholly visible in lateral view. Hind wings well developed.

Venter. Hypomera weakly rugose, with dense punctures on anterior side. Prosternum covered with coarse and dense punctures bearing long setae; prosternal process enlarged apically, bordered laterally, with sparse punctures. Metasternum covered with small and sparse punctures in median region, large and dense punctures in lateral region. Abdominal ventrites covered with dense punctures bearing short setae.

Legs. Moderately robust. Tibiae widened apically, with a tooth-like projection. Fore legs with tarsomere 1 enlarged, slightly wider than 3 in male; distinctly narrower than 3 in female. Tarsal claws appendiculate.

Genitalia. Aedeagus thin, distinctly narrowed apically, with apical process thin in dorsal view; moderately curved, with apical process pointed and slightly bent downward at apex in lateral view (Fig. 64). Spermatheca absent.

Distribution.

Russia (Sakhalin), Japan (Hokkaido) (Fig. 16).

Host plant.

Salicaceae : Populus spp., Salix spp. ( Chûjô and Kimoto 1961, Kimoto 1964); Salix spp. ( Takizawa 1976, Kudo and Hasegawa 2003); Populus maximowiczii , Salix spp. ( Takizawa 2007).

Remarks.

Gonioctena springlovae is restricted to Hokkaido and Sakhalin, whereas its closely related species Gonioctena gracilicornis is widely distributed in the Northeastern Palearctic region. The distributions of these two species overlap only in southern Sakhalin (Fig. 16). The type locality "Kioto [= Kyoto in Honshu]" is probably in error. As Chûjô and Kimoto (1960) mentioned, no single specimen has been collected again in Honshu whereas many specimens have been collected in Hokkaido. This species is ovoviviparous ( Takizawa 1976, Kimoto and Takizawa 1994, Kudo and Hasegawa 2003).