Calosoma (Calosoma) chlorostictum chlorostictum Dejean, 1831

Farkač, Jan & Häckel, Martin, 2012, Calosoma chlorostictum ivinskisi, a new synonym of Calosoma chlorostictum chlorostictum (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini), Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52, pp. 69-73 : 70-72

Calosoma (Calosoma) chlorostictum chlorostictum Dejean, 1831

Calosoma chlorostictum Dejean, 1831

Carabus rugosus DeGeer, 1778 (junior homonym of C. rugosus Fabricius, 1775 )

Calosoma crassipes Chaudoir, 1843

Calosoma australe Hope, 1845

Calosoma elegans Géhin, 1885

Calosoma calidum Lapouge, 1924

Calosoma amabile Mandl, 1954

Calosoma hadramautum Mandl, 1954

Calosoma rugosulum Mandl, 1954 (replacement name for C. rugosum DeGeer, 1778 )

Calosoma kasyi Mandl, 1970

Calosoma (Caminara) chlorostictum ivinskisi Obydov & Saldaitis, 2010 , syn. nov.

Material examined. YEMEN: SOCOTRA ISLAND (74 specimens): 1 spec., Hadibu env., 12.652 N, 54.024 E, 10 m a.s.l., 6.–24.ix.1999, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Zídek ( JFCP) ; 1 spec., Ayhaft 12.ii.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 4 spec., Hadibu , 12.652 N, 54.024 E, 10 m a.s.l., 11.–23.xi.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 2 spec., Ayhaft , 3.xi.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP, CULS) ; 2 spec., Haghier , 12.575 N, 54.022 E, 1502 m a.s.l., 4.–8.x.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 14 spec., Firmihin , 12.474 N, 54.015 E, 530 m a.s.l., x.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP, CULS, MHCH) ; 1 spec., Lahas , 12.646 N, 54.091 E, 69 m a.s.l., 11.–23.xi.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 1 spec., Homhil , 11.–23.xi.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný, det. J. Farkač ( JFCP), 1 spec., Dixam plateau, 25.x.2000, lgt. V. Bejček & K. Šťastný ( JFCP) ; 1 spec., wadi Faar , 3.xii.2002, lgt.V. Bejček & K. Šťastný ( RSCU) ; 1 spec., wadi Ayhaft , 24.–26.xi.2003, lgt.J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 8 spec., Qalansiyah env., Khayrha mts., N slopes, 9.–10.xii.2003, lgt. J. Farkač ( JFCP) ; 24 spec., Hadiboh , 21.xi.–12.xii.2003, lgt. J. Farkač, det J. Farkač ( JFCP, MHCH, RSCU) ; 2 JJ 3 ♀♀, Qualentiah env., 4.–5.vi.2010, V. Hula J. & Niedobová lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 ♀, Al Haghier , wadi Madar, 1180–1230 m, 12.–14.xi.2010, L. Purchart lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 J, Wadi Ayhaft , 200 m, J. Hájek lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 J, Hadiboh , 21.xi.–12.xii.2003, P. Kabátek lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 J 2 ♀♀, Khayrha , 9.–10.XII.2003, P. Kabátek lgt. ( NMPC) ; 3 ♀♀, Khayrha , 9.–10.xii.2003, D. Král lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 J, Hadiboh , 21.xi.–12.xii.2003, D. Král lgt. ( NMPC) ; 1 J 1 ♀, Wadi Ayhaft , 24.–26.xi.2003, D. Král lgt. ( NMPC) .

Continental Africa and Madagascar (45 specimens): ALGERIA: 1J ( NMPC) . EGYPT: 2JJ 3♀♀ ( NMPC) ; 1 ♀, Ober Aegypten ( NMPC) ; 2 ♀♀, Luxor ( NMPC) ; 1 J, Luxor, v.1900 ( NMPC) . ETHIOPIA: 1 J, Abessynia ( NMPC) ; 1 J 1 ♀, Abesinia, Harar ( NMPC) ; 1 ♀, Addis Ababa, viii.2006, D. Gennaro lgt. ( RSCU) . KENYA: 2 JJ 1 ♀, Namanga , 1200 m, 26.i.2001, L. Nadai lgt. ( RSCU) . MADAGASCAR: 1 J 2 ♀♀, Mindongy ( NMPC) ; 1 J 2 ♀♀, Sakaraha , i.1991, spec. coll. T. Taylor ( MHCH) ; 1 J 1 ♀, Moramanga env., 2007, A. Reml & M. Trýzna lgt. ( RSCU) . REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA: 1 ♀, Africa austr. ( NMPC) ; 1 ♀, Natal ( NMPC) ; 1 ♀, Transvaal, Olifants Nek. , 1938, Dr. Baum ( NMPC) ; 3 JJ 1 ♀, Orange riv., S of Phillippolis, 26.xii.2007, M. Snížek lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1 J, Eastern Cape, 40 km E Plettenberg Bay , 8.i.2010, J. Halada lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1 J, Limpopo, Klaserie , 16.–17.xii.2003, I. Martinů lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1 J, Mpumalanga, 45 km after Middelburg to Stollferg , 17.xi.2000, P. Schüle lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1 J 1 ♀, Northwest Prov., Bothaville, Vaal riv., xi.2002, M. Halada lgt. ( MHCH) ; 2 JJ 1 ♀, same data, but M. Snížek lgt. ( MHCH) ; 2 ♀♀, same data, but 22.xii.2007, M. Snížek lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1 J, Western Cape, S Swellendam, 28.xi.–1.xii.1997, R. Kmeco lgt. ( RSCU) ; 1J, Western Cape, Greyton env., x.1999, M.Snížek lgt. ( JFCP) . TANZANIA: 1 J, Arusha distr., Naberera env., iv.1997, J. Rolčík lgt. ( MHCH) .

Comments on classification. OBYDOV & SALDAITIS (2010) differentiate their new subspecies from Arabian population described, on the basis of two females, by MANDL (1954) as C. chlorostictum hadramautum , but in more recent publications regarded as synonyms of the nominotypical subspecies (CULOT 1990, BOUSQUET et al. 2003). Authors stated that their new subspecies from Socotra differs in size, robustness, width to length ratios of pronotum and elytra, markedness of primary elytral foveoles, convexity of eyes and sculpture of the head. However, study of our extensive material from Socotra and the African continent has shown the differences claimed by OBYDOV & SALDAITIS (2010) to be invalid. The size and body width to length ratios cannot be used to differentiate between populations (see Table 1), there are no differences in surface sculptures or convexity of eyes, and the shape of the aedeagus (cf. OBYDOV & SALDAITIS 2010: fig. 4) is the same as in specimens from the African continent and Madagascar. We therefore consider C. chlorostictum ivinskisi a junior subjective synonym of C. chlorostictum chlorostictum .

The subgeneric placement of C. chlorostictum in the subgenus Calosoma follows the recently proposed classification supported by results of DNA analyses ( SU et al. 2005).

Collection circumstances. OBYDOV & SALDAITIS (2010) published C. chlorostictum only from the upper part of Ayhaft Valley, a habitat dominated by “ Dracaena cinnabari , Rhus rhyrsiflora [= thyrsifolia], Euryops arabicus , Buxus pedicillata , Gnidia socotrana , Cocculus balourii [= balfourii] and other plant species… Few specimens were light trapped during the night. Another endemic beetle species Mallodon arabicum (Cerambycidae) was collected at the same time”. To the contrary, the new material shows C. chlorostictum to be a typical alate nocturnal predator present virtually throughout the island, although most specimens were collected at lights, many at the midst of Hadiboh, the largest town on the island, on the terrace of the Summer Land Hotel. The species is documented in Socotra Island from altitudes 10–1502 m a.s.l.

Distribution. Eastern and southern Africa: Botswana, Djibouti, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Republic of South Africa, Somalia, Southern Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe; south-western Asia: Iraq, Iran, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen (including Socotra Isl.) ( DARLINGTON 1936, MANDL 1954, BOUSQUET et al. 2003).