Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates, 1883

Neri, Paolo & Toledano, Luca, 2021, Geographic and taxonomic notes, addenda and corrigenda on the subtribe Bembidiina Stephens, 1827 of the 2017 ' Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera' (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Bembidiina), ZooKeys 1044, pp. 563-587 : 563

Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates, 1883 Figures 1 , 5 , 6

Bembidion (Peryphanes) dostali Kirschenhofer, 1984 syn. nov.

Material examined.

1 ♂, holotype of Bembidion (Peryphus) sanatum Bates , "Type [round, bordered in red] // Japan / G. Lewis / 1910 - 310 [printed] // B. / sanatum / Bates [handwritten]" (NHMUK) ; 1 ♂, " Museum Paris / Nippon Moyen / E. Gallois 1912 [printed] // Japon. Chu- / zenji 17.8.1909 / Edme Gallois [yellow, printed] // coll. Netolitzky [printed] // sanatum Bts / dt Netolitzky 1937 [handwritten] // Coll. Netolitzky [printed]" (NHMW) ; 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, paratypes of B. dostali , (NHMW, CTVR), with the same labels as the holotype of B. dostali .

The type specimen of B. sanatum is rather well preserved, except for the broken antennae (the left one complete but divided in three portions, the right one missing three antennomeres in the middle) and legs (the right median leg and the hind right leg with detached tarsi). All the broken parts are glued on the label.

The specimen from NHMW, identified as Bembidion sanatum by Netolitzky and also used by Kirschenhofer (1984) in the description of Bembidion (Peryphus) dostali (at present assigned to the subgenus Bembidion Peryphanes Jeannel, 1941), as an example of the closest species, is in very bad condition: completely immature, missing almost all the appendages of the head and a part of the legs; the pronotum is evidently flattened, the elytra are open and the specimen is so immature that a dissection of the male genitalia (Kirschenhofer, 1984 mistakenly mentions this specimen as a ♀) is not recommended. The general habitus and the comparison with the type confirmed the determination of Netolitzky.

Four of the paratypes of B. dostali from NHMW are immature. The only mature male, originally glued to the label on the dorsal side, has been dissected by us and mounted again in order to leave the dorsal side visible; the specimen lacks the three left legs.

We also examined photographs of the holotype of Bembidion (Peryphus) dostali Kirschenhofer , 1984 kindly provided by Alexey Solodovnikov and Mikkel Høegh Post (NHMD), and of its labels: " Japan, Unzen / 32°46'N, 130°16'E / 19.VII.1934 / Eigin Suenson leg. [printed] // Holotypus [red, handwritten] // Bembidion [printed] / dostali n.sp. [handwritten] / det.: Kirschenhofer [printed] 82 [handwritten]" .

Type locality.

Niohozan [Giappone], "in June ( …) near the snow" ( Bates 1883).

Redescription of the holotype

♂ (Fig. 1 ). Total body length 5.60 mm. Coloration: head and pronotum dark brown; elytra brownish olive. Legs and palps orange. Antennae orange, slightly darkened from fifth antennomere. Head: maximum width, including eyes, 1.02 mm; interocular distance 0.63 mm; frons, clypeus, and neck smooth; evident frontal furrows ending posteriorly between the first and the second supraorbital seta. Eyes weakly protruding, temples oblique towards the neck. Antennae long 3.02 mm. Pronotum: length along the midline 1.06 mm; width of anterior margin 0.91 mm, maximum width 1.31 mm, width of base 0.98 mm; pronotal width/pronotal length ratio 1.23; convex, more evidently near the anterior angles; sides entirely rebordered, narrowing with evident sinuate shape before the base, with which they form a slightly acute corner; lateral gutter narrow, of homogeneous width; complete surface glossy; laterobasal carina very long and evident; median line sharp, transverse anterior semilunar impression more evident; basal transverse impression punctured between the deep basal foveae. Elytra: length 3.55 mm, maximum overall width, at middle of elytra, 2.25 mm; oval, shoulders slightly rounded; humeral margin reaching stria 5; full microsculpture, so fine and irregularly transverse that it looks like shagreening. Striae with punctures clearly visible almost to apex, even though less impressed at apex.

Male genitalia. Aedeagus (Fig. 5 ) of medium-large size (1.55 mm), ventral margin with a very faint gibbosity and apex only slightly bent ventrally; central brush completely protruding from basal opening; paracopulatrix lamina and main sclerite extending towards the apex, paracopulatrix lamina narrowing anteriorly; parameres of same length (terminology according to Neri and Vigna Taglianti 2010).

Conclusions.

The examination of the holotype of B. sanatum , currently listed as Bembidion "incertae sedis" in Marggi et al. (2017), shows that the species must be assigned to the subgenus Bembidion Peryphanes Jeannel, 1941, as correctly stated by Sundukov and Makarov (2016), unfortunately unavailable to us before the publication of the catalogue in 2017. The examination of the material of B. dostali (Fig. 6 ) instead revealed that the taxon, formerly considered closely related to B. sanatum , is conspecific. The differences between the pronota, mentioned and drawn by Kirschenhofer (1984: 91), are due to the comparison with a completely immature specimen of B. sanatum (examined by us, see above); furthermore the examined paratypes of B. dostali show a pronotum with characters that are slightly variable. The aedeagi are very similar to one another (Figs 5 , 6 ). According to these observations we can state that Bembidion (Peryphanes) dostali Kirschenhofer, 1984 = Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates, 1883 syn. nov. We added the following label to the examined specimens: Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates - det. Neri and Toledano 2020.

Bembidion sanatum , a Japanese species, is distinguished from the related species of Japan and China by the following characters: from B. hykosanum (Habu & Ueno, 1955) (JA) and B. parepum Jedlicka, 1933 (SCH) by the completely microsculptured or shagreened elytra, from B. hayachinense (Nakane, 1979) (JA) by the first three antennomeres light and the pronotum not microsculptured, and from B. lulinense Habu, 1973 (TAI) by the structure of the endophallus (Fig. 7 ).

Figures

Figures 1 - 4. Habitus of 1 Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates, 1883, holotype (NHMUK), 5.60 mm 2 B. (Plataphus) pseudolucillum Netolitzky, 1938 from Kibune, Kyoto (NHMW), 4.20 mm 3 B. (Peryphus) psuchrum Andrewes, 1935 Inde, Himachal Pradesh, Mahari, 3500 m (CTVR), 3.50 mm 4 labels of the holotype of Bembidion sapporense Jedlicka (NMPC). Photographs: Luca Toledano.

Figures 5 - 9. Median lobe of the aedeagi of 5 Bembidion (Peryphanes) sanatum Bates, 1883, holotype (NHMUK), 1.55 mm 6 B. (P.) dostali Kirschenhofer, 1984, paratype (NHMW), 1.53 mm 7 B. (P.) lulinense Habu, 1973 (drawing from Habu 1973), 1.41 mm 8 Bembidion (Peryphus) psuchrum Andrewes, 1935, holotype (NHMUK), 0.91 mm 9 Bembidion (Plataphus) pseudolucillum Netolitzky, paratype (NHMW), 0.80 mm.