Anastrepha cruzi Lima, 1934

Uramoto, Keiko, Araújo, Alexandre S., Savaris, Marcoandre, Costa-Silva, Francisco C., Da Silva, Neliton M. & Zucchi, Roberto A., 2024, Identities revealed: female of Anastrepha cruzi Lima, 1934 and Anastrepha caballeroi Norrbom, 2015 (Diptera, Tephritidae) found in the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest, Zootaxa 5432 (3), pp. 445-450 : 446-448

Anastrepha cruzi Lima, 1934

( Figs. 1–3 , 5–7 )

Lima, 1934: 513. Type locality: Brazil, Amazonas, “Rio Amazonas” (exact location unknown). HT (without abdomen), vial nr. 1815 (FIOC) (examined by RAZ). Stone, 1942: 40 (taxonomic revision). Foote, 1967: 57.9 (catalogue). Zucchi, 1978: 41 (taxonomic revision). Norrbom et al. 1999: 78 (catalogue). Zucchi 1999: 260 (checklist). Zucchi 2000: 41 (key). Norrbom et al. 2012 (male description, key).

Diagnosis. Anastrepha cruzi can be recognized by the following combination of characters: V-band proximal arm connected anteriorly to S-band along vein R 4+5 and in cell r 2+3, V-band distal arm not reaching vein R 4+5, separated from proximal arm or connected at mid-height of cell r 4+5; aculeus tip 0.28–0.30 mm long, slightly constricted, then elongate triangular, distal 0.73–0.74 triangular with moderate sized widely spaced serrations. In the key of Norrbom et al. (2012), A. cruzi runs to Anastrepha zernyi Lima, but differs in having a shorter aculeus (2.03–2.33 vs 4.00 mm in A. zernyi ), and a quite different shape of the aculeus tip.

Description. Mostly orange. Setae reddish brown.

Head. Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 4 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae. Ocellar seta weak, at most 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight in dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose. Face with ventral part gradually tapering laterally.

Thorax. Mostly orange; without brown marking, following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; medial scutal vitta, with posterior end ovoid; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely yellow to orange. Mesonotum 2.90–3.70 mm long (holotype 4.0 mm, Zucchi 1978). Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum, and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae yellow to orange. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta orange, much weaker and less than half as long as anepisternal seta.

Legs. Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing. Length 7.09–7.81 mm, width 3.00– 3.27 mm, ratio 2.36–2.38. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.55 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.20–1.30 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.33– 3.40 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.64–0.65 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 moderately curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 0.80–0.92 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.68–0.78 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cua with distal lobe relatively short, length of cua 1.44–1.46 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.58–0.65 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern ( Figs. 1–3 ) mostly orange and medium brown. C-band mostly orange, most of cell c sometimes paler but without subapical hyaline area, most of pterostigma orange-brown, distal margin in cells r 1 and r 2+3 narrowly brown, fork of vein Rs with small ovoid brown spot, junction of C and crossvein h without brown spot and cell br with small ovoid brown mark on apical margin of band near vein R 4+5. C-band and S-band narrowly connected or not connected along vein R 4+5. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively small, occupying less than one-fifth of the cell. Cell bm hyaline, microtrichose only on subapical fold. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, anterobasal margin narrowly brown except in cells br and dm, posterodistal margin narrowly brown, more broadly in cell m 4, but at most extending to apex of lobe of cell cua, margin with weak or no incision in cell m 4; distal section narrowly brown on most of posterior margin and in cell r 4+5; moderately broad at apex of vein R 2+3 0.52–0.65 times width of cell r 2+3, without marginal hyaline areas; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm brown in cell m 4 and on most of proximal and distal margins; connected anteriorly to S-band along R 4+5 and in cell r 2+3; posterior margin extending in less than two-thirds of distance to vein CuA+CuP; distal arm mostly brown, connected to proximal arm at mid-height of cell r 4+5 ( Fig. 2 ) or not connected ( Fig. 1, 3 ); hyaline area between arms of V-band (when connected) and vein M 1 less than one-third height of cell r 4+5.

Abdomen. Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Female terminalia. Oviscape 2.77–3.14 mm long, 0.98–1.11 times as long as mesonotum, straight in lateral view; entirely orange to pale brown; spiracle at basal 0.36–0.37. Eversible membrane not dissected, pattern of dorsobasal denticles not visible. Aculeus 2.03–2.33 mm long, 0.73–0.74 times oviscape length; in ventral view base expanded ( Fig. 5 ), 0.19–0.25 mm wide, shaft 0.11–0.12 mm wide at midlength; slightly ventrally curved in lateral view ( Fig. 6 ); tip ( Fig. 7 ) 0.28–0.30 mm long, 0.13 times aculeus length, 0.09 mm wide at base, 0.09–0.11 mm wide preapically, 2.75–2.86 times as long as preapical width; in ventral view slightly constricted, then elongate triangular, distal 0.73–0.74 triangular with moderate sized, widely spaced serrations. Spermathecae not dissected.

Type data. The holotype (without abdomen) is pinned and kept in vial nr. 1815, and the wing is mounted on microscope slide nr. 1904, both examined by Zucchi (1978) ( FIOC collection) .

Distribution. Anastrepha cruzi is recorded only in the state of Amazonas, Brazil. Manaus city is the first known precise location, since the type locality, “Rio Amazonas”, is extremely vague because the Amazon River extends for hundreds of kilometers across the state.

Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown.

Material Examined. BRAZIL: 2♀; Amazonas , Manaus, Federal University of Amazonas, 03°05 ’ 51.1 ” S, 59°58 ’ 23.8 ” W, 92 m, collected on 15 July 2011, McPhail traps, F.C. Costa-Silva leg. ( MELQ ESALQENT001775 and 001776) .

Comments. Anastrepha cruzi was originally described by Lima (1934) based on a single specimen without abdomen. To our knowledge, it has not been collected since. In his original description, Lima (1934) wrote that one specimen (without abdomen) with the indication “Rio Amazonas ” was brought from Amazonia by the wise master Dr. Oswaldo Cruz, in 1909 (p. 514). However, after almost 80 years, two females that appear to be this species were collected in an urban fragment of Amazon Rainforest in Manaus, capital city of the state of Amazonas. We identified the females as A. cruzi based on the following morphological characters: subscutellum and mediotergite entirely yellow, proximal arm of V-band connected anteriorly to S-band, and the distal arm not reaching vein R 4+5, connected to proximal arm at mid-height of cell r 4+5 or isolated. In the key of Norrbom et al. (2012), A. cruzi runs to A. zernyi , but differs in having a shorter aculeus tip (see diagnosis), and a quite different shape of the aculeus tip (see description of A. zernyi in Norrbom et al. 2012). The above description is based primarily on the Manaus females.

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Wings: 1, Anastrepha cruzi (holotype, Lima 1934; Fig. 19); 2–3, A. cruzi from Manaus, AM (V-band variation); 4, A. caballeroi.

FIGURES 5–9. Aculei and tips, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 5–7, A. cruzi (6, lateral view); 8–9, A. caballeroi.