Trogolaphysa Mills, 1938

Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, Morais, José Wellington De & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2022, Survey of Trogolaphysa Mills (Collembola, Paronellidae) of the Brazilian Amazon including five new species and the description of the dorsal chaetotaxy of the first instar, Zootaxa 5093 (3), pp. 251-295 : 253

Genus Trogolaphysa Mills, 1938

The following characters are shared among Trogolaphysa species and are not repeated in the descriptions:

Habitus typical of Trogolaphysa , trunk curved and furcula straight in L-shape in lateral view ( Figs 2 , 8 , 13 , 21 , 27 ). Body with hyaline, denticulate, apically rounded or truncate scales present on all head, dorsally on thorax and abdomen, and ventrally on furcula ( Fig. 1 ). Head with two bothriotricha (1 antero-ocellar and 1 post-ocellar), eyes 8+8 ( Figs 3D , 14E ). Four prelabral chaetae equal in length; labral formula with 4 (a1–2), 5 (m0–2), 5 (p0–2) smooth chaetae ( Fig. 14D ). Clypeal formula with 2 (e1–2), 2 (l1 –2), 2 (f), 3 (pf0–1) chaetae, e1–2 and l1–2 larger than the others, acuminate and almost imperceptibly ciliate; other chaetae ciliate and subequal; 4 scales (2 f and 2 pf) present ( Fig. 14D ). Maxillary palp with smooth bc and ta; sublobal plate with 2 smooth appendages ( Fig. 15B ). Labial palp with five main papillae (A–E) plus one hypostomal papilla (H), respectively with 0, 5, 0, 4, 4, 2 guard appendages, papilla E with l.p. smooth ( Fig. 15A ). Labium with 5 smooth proximal chaetae subequal in length ( Figs 15A and C ); basolateral and basomedian labial fields with a1–5 smooth ( Figs 3E , 15C ). Body psp distribution with 1 on Ant III inner side ( Figs 14B , 22B , 28B ), 1 near base of Ant I ( Fig. 14D ), 1 median on Th II–Abd IV ( Figs 4 , 16 ), 2 on coxae I and III, 2–3 on coxa II ( Figs 5A–C , 17 A–C , 24 A–C ) and 2–3 on the manubrial plate ( Figs 6E , 12C ), other regions not observed. Th II–Abd V with ms and sens formula 1, 0| 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 and 1, 1| 0, 1, 1, +, 2, respectively; Abd II–IV bothriotricha formula as 2 (a5, m2), 3 (a5, m2, m5), and 3 (T2, T4, D3p), respectively ( Figs 4 , 16 , 23 ). Tibiotarsus outer side distally with 1 tenent hair discretely ciliate and apically capitate, inner side of tibiotarsus III with 1 smooth chaeta; pretarsus with 1 minute anterior and posterior smooth chaetae; unguis outer side with a pair of laterobasal pointed teeth and one unpaired proximal tooth flattened laterally; unguiculus with 4 lamellae (ai, ae, pi, pe) ( Figs 5G , 17H–I , 30F ). Males with circinate genital plate, 3 small eugenital chaetae and at least 18 circumgenital chaetae, all smooth ( Figs 6B , 31B ). Manubrium dorsally with numerous short and lanceolate ciliated chaetae, ciliate chaetae of different sizes, and spine-like ciliated mac laterally ( Figs 6C , 18B , 25B ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Symbols used in the chaetotaxy descriptions of Trogolaphysa species.

FIGURE 2A–B. Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov., habitus of a specimen fixed in ethanol; A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 3A–E. Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov.: head; A, apex of left Ant IV (dorsal view); B, chaetotaxy of left Ant III–II (dorsal view), respectively; C, labial papillae E (right side), l.p. is lateral process; D, head dorsal chaetotaxy and eyes (left side); E, basomedian and basolateral labial fields and complete postlabial chaetotaxy (right side).

FIGURES 4A–C. Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov.: dorsal chaetotaxy; A, Th II–III; B, Abd I–III; C, Abd IV–V.

FIGURE 5A–G. Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov.: legs; A–C, chaetotaxy of subcoxa I–III respectively (outer side); D, trochanteral organ; E, chaetotaxy of the femur and tibiotarsus I (anterior view); F, chaetotaxy of the femur III (posterior view); G, distal tibiotarsus and empodial complex III (anterior view).

FIGURE 6A–F. Trogolaphysa amazoccidentalensis sp. nov.: abdominal appendages; A, collophore (lateral view); B, male genital plate (ventral view); C, chaetotaxy of mac-like spines and elongated chaetae on manubrium (lateral view); D, distal manubrium (ventral view); E, manubrial plate (dorsal view); F, dens chaetotaxy (dorsal view), arrows show distribution of the inner spines and outer mac-like spines ciliate.

FIGURE 8. Trogolaphysa nigrocephala sp. nov., habitus of a fixed specimen in ethanol (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 12A–E. Trogolaphysa nigrocephala sp. nov.: abdominal appendages; A, collophore (lateral view), arrow on anterior side indicates a distal chaeta present as mac or mes; B, distal manubrium (ventral view); C, manubrial plate (dorsal view); D, dens chaetotaxy (dorsal view), arrows show distribution of the inner spines and outer mac-like spines ciliate; E, distal dens and mucro (dorsal view).

FIGURE 13. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov., habitus of a fixed specimen in ethanol (lateral view). Scale bars: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 14A–E. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov.: antennae and dorsal head; A, apex of left Ant IV (dorsal view); B, Ant III distally (lateral view); C, chaetotaxy of left Ant III–I (dorsal view), respectively; D, chaetotaxy of clypeus, prelabrum and labrum; E, head dorsal chaetotaxy and eyes (left side).

FIGURE 15A–D. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov.: ventral head (right side); A, labial palp and p.c., arrow indicates modified hypostomal appendix; B, maxillary palp and sublobal plate (right side); C, basomedian and basolateral labial fields and p.c., arrow indicates r chaeta; D, complete postlabial chaetotaxy.

FIGURES 16A–C. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov.: dorsal chaetotaxy; A, Th II–III; B, Abd I–III; C, Abd IV–V.

FIGURE 17A–I. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov.: legs; A–C, chaetotaxy of subcoxa I–III respectively (outer side); D, trochanteral organ; E, chaetotaxy of the femur I (anterior view); F, chaetotaxy of the femur III (posterior view), proximal arrows indicate inner mac apically rounded present or absent; G, chaetotaxy of the tibiotarsus III (posterior view), arrow indicates mac finely ciliate on anterior side; H, distal tibiotarsus and empodial complex I (anterior view); I, distal tibiotarsus and empodial complex III (posterior view), arrow indicates minute a.t. present or absent.

FIGURE 18A–F. Trogolaphysa nigrolineata sp. nov.: abdominal appendages; A, collophore (lateral view), arrow on anterior side indicates distal chaeta present or absent; B, chaetotaxy of mac-like spines and elongated chaetae on manubrium (lateral view); C, distal manubrium (ventral view); D, manubrial plate (dorsal view); E, dens chaetotaxy (dorsal view), arrows show distribution of the inner spines and outer mac-like spines ciliate; F, distal dens and mucro (dorsal view).

FIGURE 21A–C. Trogolaphysa pseudomaculata sp. nov., habitus of fixed specimens inethanol (lateral view); A, adult specimen with typical color pattern; B, adult specimen with vestigial color pattern; C, color pattern in juveniles. Scale bars: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 22A–G. Trogolaphysa pseudomaculata sp. nov.: head; A, apex of left Ant IV (dorsal view); B, Ant III distally (lateral view); C, chaetotaxy of left Ant III–II (dorsal view); D, labral papillae; E, labial papillae E (right side), l.p. is lateral process; F, head dorsal chaetotaxy and eyes (left side); G, complete postlabial chaetotaxy (right side).

FIGURES 23A–C. Trogolaphysa pseudomaculata sp. nov.: dorsal chaetotaxy; A, Th II–III; B, Abd I–III; C, Abd IV–V.

FIGURE 24A–E. Trogolaphysa pseudomaculata sp. nov.: legs; A–C, chaetotaxy of subcoxa I–III respectively (outer side); D, trochanteral organ; E, chaetotaxy of the femur and tibiotarsus I (anterior view).

FIGURE 25A–E. Trogolaphysa pseudomaculata sp. nov.: abdominal appendages; A, collophore (lateral view), arrows on lateral flap indicate chaetae present or absent; B, chaetotaxy of mac-like spines and elongated chaetae on manubrium (lateral view); C, distal manubrium (ventral view); D, manubrial plate (dorsal view); E, dens chaetotaxy (dorsal view), arrows show distribution of the inner spines and outer mac-like spines ciliate.

FIGURE 27A–B. Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov., habitus of a fixed specimen in ethanol; A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 28A–F. Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov.: head; A, apex of left Ant IV (dorsal view); B, Ant III distally (lateral view); C, chaetotaxy of left Ant III–II (dorsal view); D, labial papillae E (right side), l.p. is lateral process; E, head dorsal chaetotaxy and eyes (left side); F, complete postlabial chaetotaxy (right side).

FIGURE 30A–F. Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov.: legs; A–C, chaetotaxy of subcoxa I–III respectively (outer side); D, trochanteral organ; E, chaetotaxy of the femur I (anterior view); F, distal tibiotarsus and empodial complex III (anterior view).

FIGURE 31A–E. Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov.: abdominal appendages; A, collophore (lateral view); B, male genital plate (ventral view), arrow indicate anterior unpaired chaetae; C, distal manubrium (ventral view); D, dens chaetotaxy (dorsal view), arrows show distribution of the inner spines and outer mac-like spines ciliate; E, distal dens and mucro (dorsal view), arrow indicates inner tooth with 1 minute accessory tooth.