Graphicomassa polonica (Pusch, 1837) Harzhauser & Landau, 2021

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2021, The Columbellidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) in the Miocene Paratethys Sea — striking diversity of a negelected group, Zootaxa 5025 (1), pp. 1-75 : 9-12

Graphicomassa polonica (Pusch, 1837) nov. comb.

Figs 3A 1 –A 2 , B 1 –B 2 , C 1 –C 2 , D 1 –D 2 , E 1 –E 2

* Nassa columbelloides Basterot var. polonica m.—Pusch 1837: 123, pl. 11, fig. 9.

Columbella curta Bell. —Hörnes 1852: 118 (pars), pl. 11, figs 2a–b, 3 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella Helvetica Mayer — Mayer 1869: 283, pl. 10, fig. 2 [nov. nom. pro Columbella curta Hörnes 1852 , pl. 11, fig. 2, non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella curta Dujardin — Hoernes & Auinger 1880 (pars): 93, pl. 7, figs 20a–c [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella curta Duj. — Friedberg 1911: 33, pl. 2, fig. 1, text-fig. 8 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella turonensis May. (emend. Peyr.)—Friedberg 1928: 585 [non Mayer, 1869].

Columbella turonensis May.— Friedberg 1938: 127 [non Mayer, 1869].

Columella (Alia) curta Duj. — Sieber 1947: 157 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columella (Alia) curta Duj. — Sieber 1949: 110 [non Dujardin, 1837].

C.[olumbella]. (A [lia].) curta curta (Duj.) .— Sieber 1958a: 148 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) curta (Duj.) .— Sieber 1958b (pars): 148 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) turonensis May.— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 38, pl. 5, fig. 1 [non Mayer, 1869].

Columbella (Alia) curta May.— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 38 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Pyrene (Alia) curta Duj. — Strausz 1954: 105, pl. 4, fig. 81 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) curta ( Dujardin 1837) —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 182, pl. 45, fig. 2 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) curta Duj. — Florei 1961: 688, pl. 10, fig. 75 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) helvetica Mayer — Strausz 1962: 104, text-fig. 121, pl. 42, figs 31–32, pl. 43, figs 1.

Columbella (Alia) helvetica Mayer (“ curta ” Auct.”)— Strausz 1966: 288, pl. 42, figs 31–32, pl. 43, figs 1–2.

Columbella curta (Dujardin 1835) — Zelinskaya 1968: 206, pl. 48, figs 11–12 [non Dujardin, 1837].

Columbella (Alia) helvetica May.— Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 28, pl. 10, figs 13–14.

Pyrene (Alia) polonica (Pusch, 1837) — Bałuk 1995: 234, pl. 31, figs 8–10.

Pyrene (Alia) polonica (Pusch, 1837) —Harzhauser 2002: 98, pl. 6, fig. 16.

Mitrella polonica (Pusch, 1837) — Landau et al. 2013: 191, pl. 29, figs 8–9.

Type material. Syntypes: Pusch (1837: 123) described this species as quite abundant (“ziemlich häufig”) from Korytnica ( Poland); therefore, the specimen illustrated by Pusch (1837: pl. 11, fig. 9) represents a syntype. We are not aware of the whereabouts of the material .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1855/0045/0634, SL: 26.0 mm, MD: 12.0 mm, Grund ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1852, pl. 11, figs 2a–b), Figs 3B 1 –B 2 . NHMW 2020/0149/0001, SL: 27.2 mm, MD: 12.9 mm, Grund, Austria, Figs 3A 1 –A 2 . NHMW 2020/0149/0002, SL: 24.5 mm, MD: 11.1 mm, Grund, Austria Figs 3C 1 –C 2 . NHMW 1855/0045/0393, SL: 22.0 mm, MD: 10.6 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1852, pl. 11, fig. 3), Figs 3D 1 –D 2 . NHMW 1854/0035/0167f, SL: 18.9 mm, MD: 9.2 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1880, pl. 7, figs. 20a–b), figs 3E 1 –E 2.

Additional material. NHMW1859 /0045/0687, 6 spec., Kleinebersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW1861 /0050/0141, 5 spec., Kleinebersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW1861 /0050/0022, 4 spec., Rückersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0150/0001, 8 spec., Guntersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0150/0002, 16 spec., Guntersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0151/0001, 17 spec., Grund ( Austria) ; NHMW1851 /0002/0017, 49 spec., Grund ( Austria) ; NHMW1861 /0035/0011, 4 spec., Kalladorf ( Austria) ; NHMW1862 /0001/0372, 3 spec., Gainfarn ( Austria) ; NHMW1866 /0001/1020, 4 spec., Forchtenau ( Austria) ; NHMW1861 /0001/0237, 14 spec., Pöls ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0152/0001, 13 spec., mixed lot, Mikulov ( Czech Republic) , Enzesfeld, Gainfarn Steinebrunn ( Austria) ; NHMW1863 /0015/0924, 9 spec., Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou (The Czech Republic) ; NHMW1863 /0033/0005, 55 spec., Boršov nad Vltavou (The Czech Republic) ; NHMW 2020 /0174/0001 (ex B. Landau coll.), 5 spec., Korytnica ( Poland) .

Revised description. Shell large, robust, broad to moderately broad, with eroded apex. Suture deeply impressed, linear. Protoconch unknown. Spire moderately high, strongly gradate. Spire whorls flat-sided to weakly convex, with distinct shoulder, periphery at abapical suture. Shell surface smooth except for few prominent spiral cords on base. Last whorl high, subcylindrical with more or less pinched concave portion below shoulder. Base moderately constricted. Aperture moderately narrow. Anal canal sharply incised, V-shaped, callused. Outer lip thickened with moderately developed internal labial callus pad in upper third, straight margin, denticulate with about 10–12 small denticles within. Siphonal canal short, wide, shallowly notched. Columellar callus strongly thickened forming sharply delimited callus rim, detached over base, with about seven indistinct denticles at outer columellar edge. Callus thins mid-aperture, thickening again in parietal area. Colour pattern of flammulae and elongate subquadratic blotches at shoulder, mid-whorl and base.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL: 15.1–27.2 mm, MD: 8.2–12.9 mm, AA: 42–45°, SL/MD: 2.1–2.2, AL/ AW: 3.7–3.9, LWH/AH: 1.2.

Discussion. Graphicomassa polonica is remarkably similar to the extant Indo-West Pacific G. adiostina ( Duclos, 1840) ( deMaintenon 2016; Monsecour & Monsecour 2018). The Miocene species is distinguished from G. adiostina by its weaker columellar denticles, the more numerous denticles on the outer lip, and the shorter spire.

This Paratethyan species has been confused in the literature with two species from the Langhian of the Loire Basin ( France): Columbella curta Dujardin, 1837 , which differs in its spherical outline and is probably a true Columbella (see Landau et al., 2019: 150). Graphicomassa turonica ( Mayer, 1869) differs in its higher spire, the shorter subcylindrical part of the last whorl and lacks a concavity below the shoulder (see Mayer 1869; Peyrot 1938; Glibert 1952).

Palaeoenvironment. Found mainly in inner neritic silty-sandy deposits (own data).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Karpatian (early Miocene): Obergänsemdorf, Karnabrunn, Rückersdorf, Niederkreuzstetten, Kleinebersdorf ( Austria) (Harzhauser 2002). Badenian (middle Miocene): North Alpine- Carpathian Foredeep: Grund, Windpassing, Kalladorf, Immendorf ( Austria) ( Sieber 1949); Hrušovany nad Jevišovkou (the Czech Republic) (own data); Carpathian Foredeep: Korytnica, Rybnica, Błonie ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1995), Dryszczów ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1938); Vienna Basin: Enzesfeld, Gainfarn ( Austria), Mikulov, Boršov nad Vltavou (the Czech Republic) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1880; own data); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (own data); Styrian Basin: Pöls ( Austria) (own data); Pannonian Basin: Mátraverebély, Szob, Várpalota ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1954, 1966); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Hoernes &Auinger 1880; Boettger 1906); Transylvanian Basin: Zorlentul-Mare ( Romania) ( Florei, 1961); Dacian Basin: Târnene ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Seyithasan, Tilkikaya, Akpýnar- Pýnarlar ( Landau et al. 2013).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements for shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width.