Amphidraus santanae Galiano, 1967

Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., 2017, Ten new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini) and three new combinations, Zootaxa 4312 (3), pp. 401-437 : 420

Amphidraus santanae Galiano, 1967

Figs 15–16

Amphidraus santanae Galiano, 1967: 98 , figs 4–9 (Holotype ♂ from Santana , [00°02'13.3"S, 51°14'08.6"W], Amapá, Brazil, VI.1966, Galiano leg., deposited in MACN 5990 ; allotype ♀, same locality as holotype, deposited in MACN 5991 , both examined via pHotograpHs).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Pará: Tailândia (between 02°34’37.3”S, 48°44’52.1”W and 02°36’04.2”S, 48°48’51.7”W): 2♂, 2♀, 17–18.VI.2016, G.R.S. Ruiz et al. leg. ( MPEG 32795–32798 ) ; Vitória do Xingu , 03°13’47.64”S, 52°00’29.23”W: 2♂, 4♀, 3.VIII.2016, G.R.S. Ruiz leg. ( MPEG 32789–32794 ) ; São Felix do Xingu, Parque Nacional da Serra do Pardo , 05°52’40.1”S, 52°47’43.4”W: 1♂, 3♀, 26–27.IV.2012, G.R.S. Ruiz et al. leg. ( MPEG 32785–32788 ) ; Canaã do Carajãs, Floresta Nacional de Carajás ( Serra do Tarzan , between 06°19'37.7"S, 50°07'03.3"W and 06°22'17.7"S, 50°10'34.4"W): 4♂, 3♀, 2–8.IV.2015, M.B. Aguiar-Neto et al. leg. ( MPEG 32799–32805 ) .

Diagnosis. The embolic disc and embolus of A. santanae ( Figs 15 A, 16A) are similar to those of A. duckei , A. colombianus , A. nigrigenu sp. nov. ( Fig. 12 C) and A. simplex sp. nov. ( Fig. 14 C): there are two dPED and the vPED is proximal and projects retrolaterally; also, the embolus is thicker and sickle-shaped ( Figs 15 A, 16A). However, A. santanae can be distinguished by the short RvTA with one tooth on the border ( Figs 15 B, 16D), being slender and sinuous in A. duckei and A. colombianus , rounded with two teeth in A. nigrigenu sp. nov. ( Fig. 12 D) and finger-shaped in A. simplex sp. nov. ( Fig 14 D). The females of A. santanae ( Fig. 16 I), A. duckei , A. bifidus sp. nov. ( Fig. 21 F) and A. simplex sp. nov. ( Fig. 14 F) have rounded secondary spermathecae near the copulatory openings. Among these species, A. santanae is closer to A. duckei in having large secondary spermathecae (twice the girth of the copulatory duct) that are separated at least by one diameter and dorsal coupling pocket near the border of the epigyne, but can be distinguished in having a deeper pocket (shallow pocket near the border in A. duckei ).

Description. See Galiano (1967).

Variation. Palp ( Figs 15 A–C, 15E–G, 15I –K, 15M–O, 16A–H): RvTA is generally short with one tooth on the superior border and with a serrated ventral border ( Figs 16 B, 16D, 16F, 16H). Its shape varies from rectangular ( Figs 15 B, 16D), or trapezoidal ( Figs 16 B, 16H) to rounded ( Fig. 16 F); the tegular lobe can be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the palp ( Figs 16 A, 16C, 16E, 16G) or prolaterally curved ( Fig. 15 A). The embolic disc has two ( Figs 15 A, 16G) or three ( Figs 16 A, 16C) distal processes. Epigyne ( Figs 15 D, 15H, 15L, 15P, 16I –L): epigynal plate can have the posterior border without modifications ( Fig. 15 D) or be expanded and bilobed ( Figs 15 H, 15L, 15P); the copulatory duct is medium-sized ( Figs 16 I, 16K, 16L) or very long ( Fig. 16 J); the coupling pocket has different degrees of depth ( Figs 16 I–L).

Distribution. States of Amapá and Pará ( Brazil) ( Fig. 30 ).

Figures

FIGURE 12. Amphidraus nigrigenu sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view. CC, cymbial conductor; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 14. Amphidraus simplex sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E epigyne, ventral view; F same, cleared, ventral view. CC, cymbial conductor; CO, copulatory opening; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; FD, fertilization duct; po, coupling pocket; PS, primary spermatHeca; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; SS, secondary spermatHeca; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 15. MorpHological variations in copulatory structures of Amphidraus santanae. A – C, E – G, I – K, M – O: left male palp; A – C Holotype from Santana, Amapá; E – G specimen from Vitória do Xingu, Pará; I – K specimen from São Félix do Xingu, Pará; M – O specimen from Canaã do Carajás, Pará; A, E, I, M: ventral views; B, F, J, N: retrolateral views; C: proventral view; G, K, O: retroventral views. D, H, L, P: epigyne, ventral view; D allotype from Santana, Amapá; H female from Vitória do Xingu, Pará; L female from São Félix do Xingu, Pará; P female from Canaã dos Carajás, Pará. dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; TL, tegular lobe; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 16. MorpHological variations in copulatory structures of Amphidraus santanae. A, C, E, G, left male palp, ventral view. B, D, F, H, same, tibia, retrolateral view; A – B specimen from Vitória do Xingu, Pará; C – D specimen from São Félix do Xingu, Pará; E – F specimen from Canaã do Carajás, Pará; G – H specimen from Tailândia, Pará; I – L epigyne, cleared, ventral view; I female from Vitória do Xingu, Pará; J female from São Félix do Xingu, Pará; K female from Canaã do Carajás, Pará; L female from Tailândia, Pará. CD, copulatory duct; CO, copulatory opening; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; po, coupling pocket; PS, primary spermatHeca; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SS, secondary spermatHeca; vPED, ventral process on embolic disc.

FIGURE 21. Amphidraus bifidus sp. nov. A left male palp, prolateral view; B same, dorsal view; C same, ventral view; D same, retrolateral view; E epigyne, ventral view; F same, cleared, dorsal view. CC, cymbial conductor; CO, copulatory opening; dPED, distal process on embolic disc; E, embolus; ED, embolic disc; FD, fertilization duct; PS, primary spermatHeca; RTA, retrolateral tibial apopHysis; RvTA, retroventral tibial apopHysis; SD, sperm duct; SS, secondary spermatHeca; TL, tegular lobe.

FIGURE 30. Map of records of A. santanae, A. simplex sp. nov. and A. duckei. For context of tHis map witHin SoutH America, see Fig. 28.