Stenomastigus longicornis

Jałoszyński, Paweł & Kilian, Aleksandra, 2016, Description of the second- and third-instar larva of South African Stenomastigus longicornis (Boheman) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae), Zootaxa 4158 (2), pp. 151-182 : 153

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4158.2.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2F618235-7D28-4F73-91D9-5E91962F0F0E

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5612196

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/260AFD4E-FFB4-FF9F-A8F4-BFF2FD76FE04

treatment provided by

Plazi (2016-08-29 06:11:24, last updated 2024-11-29 01:53:31)

scientific name

Stenomastigus longicornis
status

 

Description of Stenomastigus longicornis View in CoL larva

Larvae of both studied instars campodeiform, strongly elongate and slightly flattened, with nearly parallel-sided thorax and distinctly narrowing abdomen; their antennae and legs strikingly long ( Figs 1–4 View FIGURES 1 – 4 , 6–7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ). Living larvae ( Figs 1–4 View FIGURES 1 – 4 ) extensively use their pygopod (i.e., abdominal segment X) in locomotion, so it is strongly bent ventrally most of the time; antennae typically hold with first antennomere raised and distal portion of antenna bent anteroventrally to examine ground and objects in front of larva. Orientation of pygopod and antennae usually wellpreserved post mortem ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ). Second instar ( Figs 1–4 View FIGURES 1 – 4 ) has head, thorax and abdomen orange, whereas antennae, maxillary palps and legs light brown; third instar creamy white with dark brown head, tergal and sternal plates, scape, distal portions of femora and proximal portions of tibiae ( Fig. 7 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ); stemmata in both instars nearly black. Colors of larvae stored for several weeks in ethanol strongly fade ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 6 – 9 ). Body in both instars sparsely covered with long setae, mostly unmodified, with pointed apices; some setae have truncated and slightly bifid apices. Two types of strongly modified setae were found in both instars. Long setae with surface covered with irregular protuberances located around frontal impression ( Figs 19–21 View FIGURES 19 – 23 ). Very short, flat, leaf-like setae with fine elongate ribs distributed along anterior and posterior margins of tergal plates ( Figs 51–57 View FIGURES 51 – 57 ), often partly covered by folds of intersegmental membranes ( Figs 52, 55 View FIGURES 51 – 57 ) and poorly visible. Dense, hair-like microtrichia cover posterior margins of antennal sockets ( Fig. 22 View FIGURES 19 – 23 ); sparse and thorn-like microtrichia located on distal section of antennomere II ( Fig. 26 View FIGURES 24 – 29 ); external surface of all coxae and some abdominal tergal and sternal plates covered with sparse scale-like or thorn-like asperities ( Figs 38 View FIGURES 37 – 40 , 62–64 View FIGURES 60 – 66 ); thoracic tergal plates densely covered with small and rounded tubercles ( Figs 47–50 View FIGURES 47 – 50 , 51–53 View FIGURES 51 – 57 ) forming pattern composed of smooth areas within regions of asperity ( Figs 47–48 View FIGURES 47 – 50 , 51–52 View FIGURES 51 – 57 ); intersegmental membranes densely covered with round tubercles and scale-like or thorn-like asperities ( Figs 37 View FIGURES 37 – 40 , 50 View FIGURES 47 – 50 , 60, 65–66 View FIGURES 60 – 66 ). Insertions of long setae on tergal and sternal plates surrounded by cuticle devoid of asperities but covered with wrinkles directed toward seta ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 47 – 50 ).

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FIGURES 1 – 4. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis; living individual.

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FIGURES 6 – 9. Third-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis photographed in ethanol several months after collecting. Dorsal (6) and lateral (7) habitus, head and anterior part of thorax in dorsal (8) and lateral (9) views.

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FIGURES 19 – 23. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis. Frontal impression in posterodorsal view (19) and its lateral portion enlarged (20); seta from frontal impression (21), left antennal insertion in dorsal view (22), labrum in anterior view (23). Abbreviations: An 1, antennomere I; Df, dorsofrontal seta; Es, epicranial suture; La, labral anterior seta; Lbr, labrum; Ld, labral dorsal seta; Md, mandible.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 51 – 57. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis; dorsal microsculpture and modified setae. Anterolateral portion of pronotum (51), anterolateral portion of mesonotum (52), 53, leaf-like seta and surrounding asperities of pronotum (53), leaf-like seta of mesonotum (54), two leaf-like setae partly overlapped by intersegmental membrane of prothorax (55), leaf-like seta (56) and details of its basal portion (57).

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FIGURES 24 – 29. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis. Junction between right antennomeres I and II in dorsal view (24), middle section of antennomere II in slightly posterior view (25), antennal apex in dorsal view (26) and enlarged apical region of antennomere II and III (27), distal portion of left maxillary palpomere III in ventral view (28), apex of left labial palp in ventral view (29). Abbreviations: An 1, 2 ', 2 '', 2 ''', 3, antennomere I, sections of antennomere II and antennomere III; lp 1 – 2, labial palpomere I – II; mp 3, maxillary palpomere III; SA, sensory appendage.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 37 – 40. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis. Thorax and proximal portions of legs in left lateral view (37), microsculpture of coxa (38), middle leg (coxa omitted) in posterior view (39), distal portion of leg (40). Abbreviations: A 1, abdominal segment I; Cx, coxa; Fe, femur, N 1 – 3, pro-, meso- and metanotum; Pr, pretarsus; Sp, spiracle; Ti, tibiotarsus; Tr, trochanter.

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FIGURES 60 – 66. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis. Abdominal tergite VI (60), apex of abdominal segment X in dorsal view (61), sculpture of posteromedian area of abdominal tergite VI (62), surface of abdominal tergite X (63) and enlarged area with lentiform structure and tooth-like cuticular projections (64), mesothoracic spiracle (65), second abdominal spiracle (66). Abbreviations: AM, anal membrane; P, posterior seta.

Gallery Image

FIGURES 47 – 50. Second-instar larva of Stenomastigus longicornis; dorsal microsculpture. Thorax in dorsal view (47), sculpture on posteromedian area of pronotum (48), sculpture around seta Da 1 on pronotum (49), sculpture on posterior margin of metanotum and intersegmental membrane (50). Abbreviations: A 1, abdominal segment I; Da, dorsal seta; l, lentiform structure; N 1 – 3, pro-, meso- and metanotum; P, posterior seta.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Staphylinidae

SubFamily

Scydmaeninae

Genus

Stenomastigus