Stephanopis carcinoides, Machado & Teixeira & Milledge, 2019

Machado, Miguel, Teixeira, Renato Augusto & Milledge, Graham A., 2019, On the Australian Bark Crab Spider Genus Stephanopis: Taxonomic Review and Description of Seven New Species (Araneae: Thomisidae: Stephanopinae), Records of the Australian Museum 71 (6), pp. 217-276 : 220-221

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3853/j.2201-4349.71.2019.1698
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7EDBAB7F-0E3B-47D7-AA29-0906728ADA05
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/26714D71-FFB2-FFF2-06C5-FEA2FAF1F83A
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Stephanopis carcinoides
status

Treatment

Key to the Australian species of Stephanopis View in CoL View at ENA

Males

1 Prosoma with cephalic prominence and high clypeus (five times the diameter of the AME or more) ( Fig. 3B View Figure 3 ); opisthosoma obovate or pentagonal ( Figs 3A View Figure 3 , 20A View Figure 20 ) ...................................................................................... 2

—— Cephalic prominence absent and clypeus low (three times the diameter of the AME or less) ( Figs 5B View Figure 5 , 26B View Figure 26 ); opisthosoma trapezoid ( Figs 5A View Figure 5 , 8A View Figure 8 ); prolateral setae tuft on dorsal surface of cymbium present ( Figs 9B,D View Figure 9 , 15B,D View Figure 15 ) ....................................................................................... 6

2 Male palpi with RTA straight, notably bifid and acute; embolus hook-shaped and fixed at proximal portion ( Figs 3C, 3D View Figure 3 , 20C, 20D View Figure 20 ) ........................................................................................................................................... 3

—— Male palpi with RTA curved, single-tipped and acute (Figs 17C,D, 46C,D); tibiae and metatarsi I with long and thin barbs (modified setae) ( Figs 17A View Figure 17 , 31A View Figure 31 , 44A View Figure 44 ) ................................................................................... 13

3 RTA and RTAvbr approximately equal-sized (length and width) .............................................. 4

—— RTA and RTAvbr of different sizes ............................................................................................ 5

4 Opisthosoma obovate, posterior setae clusters present; prosoma longer than wide ( Fig. 3A View Figure 3 ) ......................................................................................... S. altifrons View in CoL

—— Opisthosoma pentagonal, posterior setae clusters absent; prosoma as long as wide ( Fig. 20A View Figure 20 ) ........................................................ S. carcinoides View in CoL sp. nov.

5 Well-developed PrsP; embolus whip-like, coiled and resting behind the tegulum; RTAvbr three times bigger than RTA ( Fig. 27C,D View Figure 27 ) ......................................................................................................... S. flagellata View in CoL sp. nov.

—— Palpal apophyses short; RTA laminar and bigger than RTAvbr; Pcym ventrally curved and emerging distant from the tip of the apophyses ( Fig. 38C,D View Figure 38 ) .................................................................................................. S. nigra View in CoL

6 Acute ocular projections on ALE present ( Figs. 5A,B View Figure 5 , 15A,B View Figure 15 ) ................................................ 7

—— Ocular projections on ALE absent ( Figs. 26B View Figure 26 , 33B View Figure 33 ) ................................................................. 8

7 Prosoma pear-shaped (in dorsal view), cephalic region narrowed ( Fig. 15A View Figure 15 ); embolus short; RTA hook-shaped and RTAvbr squared and discrete (Fig. ( Fig. 15C,D View Figure 15 ); femoral and tibial tubercles discrete ........................................................................................................ S. bicornis View in CoL

—— Pcym hyaline and vestigial; RTAvbr wide and pointing towards the RTA forming a “crab claw” structure ( Fig. 5C,D View Figure 5 ); femoral and tibial tubercles well-developed ( Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ) ........................................................... S. angulata View in CoL

8 Dorsal projections on patellae and tibiae I present, welldeveloped ( Fig. 33A View Figure 33 ); femur I enlarged ( Fig. 9A View Figure 9 ) .................................................................... 9

—— Dorsal projections on patellae and tibiae I vestigial or absent; femur I not enlarged ( Fig. 26A View Figure 26 ) .............................................................................................. 11

9 Opisthosoma wider than long ( Fig. 33A View Figure 33 ); embolus sclerotized, RTA laminar (resembling the shape of an axe blade in retro- lateral view) ( Fig. 33C,D View Figure 33 ) ........................................................................................... S. monulfi View in CoL

—— Embolus membranous, flexible at its distal portion and with welldeveloped PrsP ........................................................................................................................ 10

10 RTA straight at the tip and RTAvbr truncated; Pcym obtuse ( Fig. 29C,D View Figure 29 ); dorsal leg projections acute ( Fig. 29A View Figure 29 ) ....................................................... S. lata View in CoL

—— RTA curved; RTAvbr absent; Pcym acute and curved ( Fig. 9C, D View Figure 9 ); femur I strikingly enlarged, bigger than femur II ( Fig. 9A View Figure 9 ) .................................. S. armata View in CoL

11 Tibiae I with modified lamellar setae ( Fig. 11A View Figure 11 ); RTA bifid and acute; embolus long, coiled at its distal portion and resting on the apical portion of the tegulum ( Fig. 11C,D View Figure 11 ) ............................................................... S. barbipes View in CoL

—— Tibiae I without modified setae; RTA single tipped or with discrete RTAvbr ....................................................................................................................... 12

12 RTAvbr present; cymbium short, thick and rounded ( Fig. 26C,D View Figure 26 ) ............................. S. fissifrons View in CoL

—— RTAvbr absent; RTA square-ended; cymbium oval-shaped; Pcym hyaline ( Fig. 48C,D View Figure 48 ) .......................................................................... S. squalida View in CoL sp. nov.

13 Prosoma, opisthosoma and legs covered by hyaline and thick bacillar setae; AME spherical ( Fig. 17A,B View Figure 17 ) ............................................................................ 14

—— Prosoma, opisthosoma and legs covered by long spiniform setae; AME elliptical and perpendicularly disposed ( Fig. 40A,B View Figure 40 ) ...................................................................................................................... S. palliolata View in CoL

14 Palpi well-developed, with cymbium bigger than chelicerae ( Figs 17B View Figure 17 , 46B View Figure 46 ); embolus filiform, long, emerging from tegulum at six o’clock and encircling it; RTA strong, dark and densely sclerotized ( Figs 7C View Figure 7 , 46C View Figure 46 ) ....................................................................................................... 15

—— Cymbium smaller than chelicerae ( Figs 31B View Figure 31 , 44B View Figure 44 ); embolus short and laminar, emerging from tegulum in a different position; RTA not like the above ( Figs 31C,D View Figure 31 , 44C,D View Figure 44 ) ......................................................................... 17

15 Prosoma yellowish-orange with a central and a lateral pair of darker longitudinal bands ( Fig. 17A View Figure 17 ); RTA strongly curved towards the tegulum; cymbium and tegulum rounded ( Fig. 17C,D View Figure 17 ) .......................................................................................................... S. cambridgei View in CoL

—— Prosoma without longitudinal bands; RTA slightly curved (almost straight) or sinuous; cymbium and tegulum longer than wide, oval ................................................................................................................................ 16

16 Bacillar setae predominantly brownish and long; body covered in sand, rock fragments and other soil particles ( Fig. 7A,B View Figure 7 ); retro lateral margin of cymbium indented, forming a discrete Pcym; RTA almost straight; cephalic area strongly narrowed ( Fig. 7C,D View Figure 7 ) ...................................................................... S. arenata View in CoL sp. nov.

—— Bacillar setae whitish and short ( Fig. 46A,B View Figure 46 ); retro lateral margin of cymbium sinuous, following the RTA’s curvature; Pcym absent ( Fig. 46D View Figure 46 ) .................................................................................. S. spiralis View in CoL sp. nov.

17 Embolus emerging from tegulum at seven o’clock, PrsP well- developed ( Fig. 31C View Figure 31 ); RTA distally curved (retro laterally and ventrally towards the tegulum) ( Fig. 31D View Figure 31 ); small individuals (body length not exceeding 4.40 mm); first pair of legs remark- ably stouter and longer than the rest, resembling the general appearance of a palpimanid spider ( Fig. 31A View Figure 31 ) ....................................................... S. longimana View in CoL

—— Embolus emerging at nine o’clock but hidden behind the tegulum, pointing distally at 12 o’clock ( Fig. 44C View Figure 44 ); cymbium as wide as long; RTA stout and narrowed at dorsal extremity ( Fig. 44C,D View Figure 44 ); tegulum membranous and hyaline; legs I and II subequal in length ( Fig. 44A View Figure 44 ) ............................................................... S. similis View in CoL sp. nov.