Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder

Li, Jing-chao, Liu, Jian-quan & Gao, Xin-fen, 2022, A revision of the genus Malus Mill. (Rosaceae), European Journal of Taxonomy 853, pp. 1-127 : 23-26

2. Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder

Figs 11–12

Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 14 (3): 207 ( Rehder 1933).

Pirus communis Pavol., Nuovo Giornale botanico italiano 15: 415 ( Pavolini 1908, non Linnaeus 1753). – Pirus hupehensis Pamp., Nuovo Giornale botanico italiano 17: 291 ( Pampanini 1910). – Malus domestica var. hupehensis (Pamp.) Likhonos, Trudy po prikladnoi botanike genetike i selektsii 52 (3): 30 ( Likhonos 1974). – Sinomalus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rushforth, Phytologia 100 (4): 245 ( Rushforth 2018).

– Type: CHINA • Hubei, Sian-men-kou ; alt. ca 900 m; 1 May and 10 Jul. 1906; fl, fr; C. Silvestri 939; syntype: A [ A00026649 ], photo!

Malus theifera Rehder , Plantae Wilsonianae Vol. 2 (2): 283 ( Rehder 1915). – Pyrus theifera (Rehder) L.H.Bailey , Rhodora 18: 155 ( Bailey 1916a).

– Type: CHINA • Hubei, Ichang ; alt. 1000–1600 m; 27 May and Nov. 1907; fl, fr; E.H. Wilson 451; lectotype: A [ A00026656 ]!, here designated; isolectotype: A [ A00026658 ]!, GH [ GH00026657 , GH00026659 ]!, K [ K000758418 , K000758419 ]!.

Examined specimens

CHINA – Anhui • Jinzhai ; 18 May 2005; fr; M. Liu et al. A100139; PE • Huoshan ; 20 Jun. 2005; fr; M. Liu et al. A50170 ; PE • Yuexi ; 14 Aug. 1997; fr; Z.W. Xie & L. Zheng 97031; PE . – Beijing • Beijing botanical garden ; Aug. 2003; st; L.C. Zhao s.n.; BJFC • 28 Aug. 1962; fl, fr; Renguo 22; PE . – Chongqing • Shizhu ; 20 Sep. 1983; fl, fr; N.G. Jiang & L.C. Wang 139; PE • Wushan ; 11 May 2008; fl; Zhiwusuo Sanxia Expedition 1460; PE . – Fujian • Chongan ; 15 Sep. 1980; fr; Wuyi Expedition 2102; NAS • Taining ; 5 Oct. 2017; fr; X.L. Hou 90987; AU • locality unknown; 25 Mar. 2016; fl; X.X. Su CSH15120 ; AU . – Gansu • Gannan ; 5 Sep. 1958; st; Z.Y. Zhang 467; IBK • ibid.; 13 Aug. 1963; fr; Z.Y. Zhang 16584; PE • ibid.; 8 May 1957; fl; P. Zhang & L.F. Qi 914; PE . – Guangdong • Liannan ; 9 Aug. 1958; fr; P.X. Tan 58919; KUN, PE, NAS, IBK, IBSC, SZ . – Guangxi • Xingan ; 11 Sep. 1957; fr; Y.B. Xu 10689; IBK • Linchuan ; 4 May 2015; fr; Zhang et al. 2015-148; PE • Min Shan ; 13 Jun. 1928; fr; R.C. Ching 5935; IBSC, PE . – Guizhou • Songtao ; 7 Jul. 1959; fr; Qianbei Team 1357; IBK, NAS, PE • Guiyang ; 24 Mar. 1959: fl; Qiannan Team 0086; PE . – Henan • Lingbao ; 11 May 2015; fl; Zhu et al. 150511032; AU • Xixia ; 16 Jul. 1960; fr; K.J. Guan & T.L. Dai 1132; PE. – Hong Kong • locality unkonwn; 20 Aug. 1929; fr; C. Wang 3209; NAS . – Hubei • Badong ; 22 Nov. 1997; fr; C.M. Tan 971816; IBSC, JJF • Xinshan ; 8 Aug. 2008; fr; Zhao et al. EX1632; PE • Shennongjia ; 29 Apr. 1987; fl; L.Q. Chen IV050001; CCAU . – Hunan • Hengshan ; 1 Jun. 1943; fr; S.Q. Chen 3456; KUN, IBSC • Xinshao ; 26 Apr. 2005; fl; B.Y. Li 6072; PE, HITBC, HUST . – Jilin • Fusong ; 18 Sep. 1956; fr; C.S. Wang 629; IBK . – Jiangsu • Longche ; 17 Aug. 1929; fr; Y.K. Keng 2421; IBSC • Nanjing ; 9 Apr. 2012; fl; Y.N. Xiong & Z.X. Ma 4416; NAS . – Jiangxi • Wuning ; 10 Aug. 1996; fr; C.M. Tan 9608050; IBSC • Lushan ; 11 May 1953; fl; M.J. Wang 01518; LBG . – Shandong • Qingdao ; 7 Jun. 1959; fr; T.Y. Zhou 1150; NAS • Kunyushan ; 29 May 1957; fl; C.J. Liu & Q.S. Yan 151; PE . – Shaanxi • Langaoxian ; 2 Aug. 2006; fr; Chen et al. 4727; WUK • T’aipeishan ; 17 Apr. 1937; fl; T.P. Wang 6516; PE, IBK . – Shanghai • Chenshan ; 16 Jun. 2011; fr; Li et al. SDP02735; CSH . – Sichuan • Liangshan ; 16 Apr. 1983; fl; Fu et al. s.n.; PE • Emeishan ; 21 Jul. 1952; fr; Xiong et al. 32123; IBK . – Yunnan • Kunming ; 17 Aug. 1955; fr; J.S. Xin 50929; IBSC • Jianchuan ; Jun. 1923; fl; G. Forrest 23523; PE . – Zhejiang • Andong ; 27 Jun. 1987; fr; S.H. Xu L8532-138; IBSC • locality unknown; 5 May 1924; fl; R.C. Qin 1395; IBSC • Tianmushan ; 14 May 1935; fl; H. Migo s.n.; PE .

UNITED STATES – Massachusetts • Arnold Arboretum , cultivated; 27 Oct. 1973; fr; Shiu Ying Hu 13328; PE • ibid.; 12 May 1981; fl; S. Davis, C. Warren & M. Wolcott 81-286; PE . – New York • Ontario , cultivated; 25 Sep. 1990; st; Prof. Zhen-long Yan 1114; PE .

Description

Small tree or shrub, up to 8 m high. Branches terete, densely pubescent when young, glabrescent. Leaves petiolate, petiole ca 2 cm long, glabrescent. Lamina ca 6.6 × 3.6 cm, oval to ovate, usually aubergine in young leaves, base cuneate, rarely rounded, usually oblique, apex acuminate, rarely retuse, margin crenate to serrulate, blade abaxially puberulous or glabrescent, discolorous. Inflorescence umbellate, with 3‒6 flowers. Pedicel ca 2.1 cm long, glabrous or puberulent. Hypanthium usually glabrous. Sepals lanceolate to ovate triangular, abaxially glabrous, adaxially puberulous, caducous, rarely persistent. Petals ca 1.2 × 0.7 cm, white to red, obovate. Stamens 15‒20, unequal. Styles 3, rarely 4, longer than stamens, basally puberulent. Pome ca 0.8‒0.9 cm in diameter, subglobose, yellow to red. Carpopodium ca 2.9 cm long, glabrous or puberulent at base.

Phenology

Flowers from April to May. Mature fruits from August to September.

Habitat

Terrestrial, seasonally green, growing in forest on slopes or in valleys; 50‒2600 m a.s.l.

Note

The syntypes of Pyrus hupehensis Pamp. were collected in Sian-men-kou ( Silvestri 939) and Ma-pauscian ( Silvestri 940, 940a), Hubei ( Hupeh ), China. However, there are photographs from as early as 1932 in the Biondi herbarium at the Botanical Museum in Florence according to the record of Rehder , and now a scan of Silvestri 939 is available online in herbarium of Arnold Arboretum. Langenfeld designated a lectotype in 1991: 160 ( CHINA • Fujian, Chongan, Sanghan-Tinmu-Guan; 11 Aug. 1952; Zhou Zhenying 239; lectotype: LE), but it is invalid because the type specimens have not been lost.

Distribution

China (Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, HongKong, Yunnan, Zhejiang) ( Fig. 11 ).

Chromosome numbers

2n = 34, 51, 68.

Figures

Fig. 11. Distribution of Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder.

Fig. 12. Morphological characters of Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder; A00026649 (syntype), K000758418 (isolectotype of Malus theifera Rehder), K000758419(isolectotype ofM. theifera), QIN05044, QIN05045, P03144395, P03144440, P03144445, P03144446,A00026656 (lectotype ofM. theifera), A00026658 (isolectotype of M. theifera), E00010837 (isolectotype of M. theifera), GH00026659 (isolectotype of M. theifera). Scale bars = 10 mm.