Apophysius latus Pham, Matsumoto, Konishi, Sheng & Broad, 2020

Pham, Nhi Thi, Matsumoto, Rikio, Konishi, Kazuhiko, Sheng, Mao-Ling & Broad, Gavin R., 2020, A review of the genus Apophysius Cushman (Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae) with descriptions of six new species, Zootaxa 4802 (2), pp. 301-316 : 306-308

Apophysius latus Pham, Matsumoto, Konishi, Sheng & Broad , new species

( Figures 1d , 4 )

Material examined. Holotype: female ( IEBR), VIETNAM, Tuyen Quang Province, Ham Yen,, Dang Thi Hoa coll., 26 October 2018; paratypes: 1 female ( OMNH), VIETNAM: Bac Can Province, Ba Be National Park, 22.230 N 105.370 E, 200 m, R. Matsumoto coll., 3 May 2006; 1 male ( IEBR), VIETNAM: Tuyen Quang Province, Na Hang , Khuat Dang Long coll., 25 January–5 February 2018; 1 female ( EUMJ), VIETNAM: Thua Thien-Hue Province, Bach Ma National Park , 19 km point, 16.1980 N 107.8600 E, 1400 m, T. Mita coll., 2 August 2016; 1 female, 1 male ( OMNH), VIETNAM: Ninh Binh Province, Cuc Phuong National Park , R. Matsumoto coll., 2 September 2019; 1 female ( GSFGPM), CHINA, Yunnan Province, Gaoligongshan Farm, 1600 m, Mao-Ling Sheng coll., 3 July 2005; 1 male ( GSFGPM), CHINA, Guangxi Province, Maoershan, 1570 m, Wei Xiao coll., 17–18 May 2006; 1 male ( GS- FGPM), CHINA, Jiangxi Provine, Wuyishan, Yanshan, 1190 m, Mao-Ling Sheng coll., 4 June 2009.

Diagnosis. Reddish brown with black markings; subtegular ridge making an obtuse angle in dorsal view; median longitudinal stripe of mesoscutum wide anteriorly, expanding out of lateral longitudinal groove; scutellum strongly convex; metanotum conical medially; propodeum with area superomedia raised into a tubercle, distinctly higher than level of metanotum; wings uniformly weakly infuscate.

Description of holotype. Head. Antenna with 48 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 2.5× longer than wide, 1.6× length of second; dorsal margin of face with small tubercle between antennal sockets; face 0.5× as high as wide with weak impression from antennal socket toward clypeus; clypeus 0.75× as high as wide, separated from face by weak impression; malar space short, about 0.2× mandibular basal width ( Fig. 4b ); ocellar-ocular distance about 2.2× diameter of ocellus, 5.0× interocellar distance ( Fig. 4a ).

Mesosoma. Epomia strong, extending 2/3 distance to dorsal margin of pronotum; mesoscutum with dense setae; scutellum strongly convex posteriorly, with dense setae, lateral carina present basally, metanotum with conical projection medially; mesopleuron with sternaulus on anterior 0.6, epicnemial carina sinuous dorsally, extending to anterior margin, subtegular ridge in dorsal view making obtuse angle ( Fig. 4a ); mesosternum with posterior transverse carina strong except broad interruption at level of inner half of mid coxa; propodeum with strongly raised carinae, lateromedian longitudinal carinae strongly raised posteriorly, area superomedia strongly projecting as a ‘horn’, median longitudinal carinae close and parallel below area superomedia ( Fig. 4d ), propodeal spiracle oval; fore basitarsus as long as long as tarsomeres 2–5 combined; mid basitarsus equal to tarsomeres 2–5 combined; hind basitarsus 1.1× as long as tarsomeres 2–5 combined. Fore wing length 10.5 mm, vein M&RS slightly distad 1 cu-a, vein 2 rs-m about 0.8× as long as vein 3 rs-m, hind wing with first abscissa of vein CU 1.1× as long as vein cu-a; distal ends of RS, M and CU weak.

Metasoma. First tergite smooth, about 5.9× as long as posterior width, posteriorly dorsally and laterally with long setae; second tergite 0.75× as long as first tergite, 3.8× as long as anterior width, 2.5× as long as posterior width; metasoma with second tergite onward densely minutely punctate, with dense setae, shorter than setae on mesosoma; ovipositor 0.73× as long as hind tibia.

Colour. Reddish brown with black markings as follow: posterior corner of pronotum dorsally, three longitudinal stripes on mesoscutum, scuto-scutellar groove, scutellum posteriorly, axilla, mesopleuron with large black marks dorsal to sternaulus and on speculum ventral to hind wing base, anterior margin of metapleuron, area basalis and level of propodeal spiracle, ovipositor sheath and fifth tarsomeres. Fore and mid coxae, trochanters, tibiae and fore tarsomeres 1–3, anterior 0.25 and posterior 0.1 of first tergite and posterior 0.3 of tergite 2 yellow. Metasomal tergites reddish, except anterior 0.3 and posterior 0.1 of first tergite and posterior 0.3 of tergite 2 yellow. Sternites dull white, with conspicuous brown speckling (at bases of setae) particularly on sternites 3 and 4. Wings hyaline and tinged with brown.

Variation. Female paratypes are smaller than the holotype, with fore wing length varying from 8.5–9.7 mm, vein M&RS opposite to 1 cu-a. The markings on the female paratype from Thua Thien Hue Province are reddish instead of black.

Male. Similar to holotype female. The male paratype from Cuc Phuong National Park is smaller, fore wing length 7.2 mm.

Comparative notes. Belongs in a distinctive species group, together with A. constrictus sp. nov. A. baolocensis sp. nov., A. taynguyenensis sp. nov. and A. pentaceratops sp. nov., with a conspicuous horn-like projection at the place of the area superomedia, and the subtegular ridge angled in dorsal view. Unlike the other four species in this group, A. latus sp. nov. has a less sharply angled subtegular ridge and the median longitudinal stripe of the mesoscutum is wide (narrow, or mesoscutum mostly black in other species).

Etymology. Named after the broad median longitudinal stripe on the mesoscutum.

Distribution. Currently known only from Vietnam and China.

Remarks. Sheng et al. (2013) recorded this species from South China (Yunnan, Guangxi and Jiangxi provinces) under the name Apophysius unicolor .

Figures

FIGURE 1. a. Apophysius bakeri Cushman, holotype female (source: NMNH); b. Apophysius baolocensis sp. nov., holotype female; c. Apophysius constrictus sp. nov., holotype female; d. Apophysius latus sp. nov., holotype female; e. Apophysius takasukai sp. nov., holotype female; f. Apophysius taynguyenensis sp. nov., holotype female

FIGURE 4. Apophysius latus sp. nov. holotype female: a. dorsal view of head and mesoscutum; b. face, c. lateral view of head and mesosoma; d. dorsal view of propodeum (scale bar = 0.5 mm)