Phlegmariurus wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 481)

Øllgaard, Benjamin & Testo, Weston, 2021, The Lycopodiaceae of Panamá, Phytotaxa 526 (1), pp. 1-66 : 45-46

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.526.1.1

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5815569

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/286E8977-7B62-FD76-1085-FD84CE9C4668

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Phlegmariurus wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 481)
status

 

. ­­­ Phlegmariurus wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 481) View in CoL View at ENA . Fig. 20

Lycopodium wilsonii Underwood & F.E Lloyd (1906: 111) View in CoL .— Urostachys wilsonii (Underwood & F.Lloyd) Herter (1923: 163) View in CoL .— Huperzia wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B.Øllgaard (1987: 170) View in CoL . Type:— PUERTO RICO: Luquillo Mountains, Wilson 153 (NY lectotype, here designated). Note: According to the protolog the type is Wilson 271, but Wilson 153 (NY) is annotated by the author as sp. nov. and fits the description, while Wilson 271 (NY) is Phlegmariurus dichotomus View in CoL and is not ­­­ annotated as sp. nov.

Lycopodium andinum Herter (1909a: 49) View in CoL non Rosenstock (1908: 239).— Lycopodium lindavianum Herter (1909b: 90) View in CoL .— Urostachys lindavianus (Herter) Nessel (1939: 146) View in CoL .— Huperzia lindaviana (Herter) Holub (1985: 74) View in CoL . Type:— ECUADOR: “In territorio rei publ. Ecuador”, Fraser s.n. (P [Herb. Drake] lectotype, designated by Øllgaard 1988: 97; isotype, G).

Lycopodium trichodendron Herter (1909a: 49) View in CoL .— Urostachys trichodendron (Herter) Herter (1923: 163) View in CoL . Type:— GUADELOUPE: L’Herminier s. n. (P00559253), Bory 103 (P00559254, syntypes).

Lycopodium stamineum Maxon (1912: 2) View in CoL .— Urostachys stamineus (Maxon) Nessel (1939: 148) View in CoL . Type:— PANAMÁ. Chiriquí: Upper Caldera watershed, betrween Camp I and the Divide, Holcombs Trail, above El Boquete, ca. 1750 m, Maxon 5636 ( US 676085 holotype).

Lycopodium arcanum Maxon (1938: 310) View in CoL . Type:— HONDURAS: Comayagua, above El Achiote, above plains of Siguatepeque, 1800 m, Yuncker, Dawson & Youse 6149 ( US holotype).

Urostachys mandiocanus (Raddi) Herter var. filifolius Herter (1954: 124) View in CoL . Type:— ECUADOR: Eastern slope of eastern cordillera, bank of Palora river, 1500 m, Rimbach 125 ( US holotype).

Plants erect, arcuate-spreading to pendulous, to 20 (–30) cm long. Shoots homophyllous, 1.5–2.5 (–3) cm in diameter including leaves, equally thick throughout, or in some slender individuals gradually tapering to 1–1.5 cm in terminal divisions. Stems excluding leaves (1–) 1.5–2 (–3) mm thick at the base, often tapering to (0.7–) 1 mm, prominently ridged by decurrent leaf bases, pale green to stramineous, often with bright red spots on leaf bases, sporangiate, often in seasonally produced zones, from 5–15 cm above the base and upward, 3–6 (–9) times dichotomous. Leaves usually uniform throughout, borne in alternating, often irregularly oblique whorls of 6–7, these 0.5–1.5 mm apart in basal divisions, upward often in whorls of 4–5, forming 8–14 indistinct longitudinal ranks, perpendicularly spreading to ascending, straight to upward curved, usually not twisted at the base, linear to filiform, (6–) 10–17 × 0.3–0.5 mm, quickly narrowed to ca. 0.2 mm wide due to involution, gradually tapering toward the tip, adaxially canaliculate to involute, often with a prominent vein abaxially near the base. Leaves of terminal divisions in old plants sometimes gradually reduced to 6(–4) mm long. Decurrent leaf bases usually not wider than the lamina base, often bright red. Sporangia 1–1.5 mm wide.

­­­ Distribution:— Mexico (Oaxaca) to Panamá, West Indies, northern South America south to Bolivia, Brazil (Mato Grosso).

­­­ Habitats: —Epiphytic (rarely terrestrial) in montane forest, elev. 900–1900 m elev. Usually an erect epiphyte, but sometimes becoming pendulous when very large; often with bright red, but usually not prominent leaf bases.

­­­ Notes:— Phlegmariurus wilsonii is related to P. dichotomus , P.mandiocanus ( Raddi 1819: 280) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 480) from Brazil, and P. pithyoides (Schld. & Cham.) B.Øllgaard from Central America, Hispaniola, Colombia, and Venezuela. With these it shares the bottle-brush-like aspect, and with the latter two the bright red coloration of the leaf bases. Pendulous individuals of P. wilsonii are rather similar to P. polycarpos , but the latter has shorter, more flattened, leaves, and uniformly falcate leaves due to a basal twist, and this species apparently is always pendulous. Pendulous individuals of P. wilsonii may be separated from P. watsonianus by the lack of auricles at the lamina base.

The absence or presence of red colour on the leaf bases seems uncorrelated with other characters. The intensity and size of the coloration is also variable. The direction of leaves is correlated to growth habit. In erect-growing plants the leaves are wide-spreading to slightly reflexed, while in pendent plants the leaves are somewhat ascending.

Specimens­­­ studied:—Chiriquí: Bajo Chorro, Boquete, 1830 m, Davidson 230 (F, MO, US). Palo Alto, 4.5 mi NE of Boquete, forest along W branch of headwaters of Río Palo Alto, 1920 m, Hammel 7304 (MO). Above El Boquete, 1750 m, Maxon 5636 ( US). Along trail between north fork of Río Palo Alto and Cerro Pate Macho, ca. 6 km NE of Boquete, 1600–2000 m, Smith 2414 (UC). Camino campamento de Fortuna sitio de presa—Trocha 3 de noviembre, entre Santa María y Pinola, 1000–1200 m, Correa et al. 2926 (PMA). Parque Nacional Volcán Barú, Alto Chiquero, 893 m, Mello-Silva et al. 3350 (PMA).

W

Naturhistorisches Museum Wien

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Lycopodiopsida

Order

Lycopodiales

Family

Lycopodiaceae

Genus

Phlegmariurus

Loc

Phlegmariurus wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 481)

Øllgaard, Benjamin & Testo, Weston 2021
2021
Loc

Phlegmariurus dichotomus

W. H. Wagner 1993
1993
Loc

Huperzia wilsonii (Underwood & F.E Lloyd) B.Øllgaard (1987: 170)

B. Ollgaard 1987: 170
1987
Loc

Huperzia lindaviana (Herter)

Holub 1985: 74
1985
Loc

Urostachys mandiocanus (Raddi)

Herter 1954: 124
1954
Loc

Urostachys lindavianus (Herter)

Nessel 1939: 146
1939
Loc

Urostachys stamineus (Maxon)

Nessel 1939: 148
1939
Loc

Lycopodium arcanum

Maxon 1938: 310
1938
Loc

Urostachys wilsonii (Underwood & F.Lloyd)

Herter 1923: 163
1923
Loc

Urostachys trichodendron

Herter 1923: 163
1923
Loc

Lycopodium stamineum

Maxon 1912: 2
1912
Loc

Lycopodium andinum

Herter 1909: 49
1909
Loc

Lycopodium lindavianum

Herter 1909: 90
1909
Loc

Lycopodium trichodendron

Herter 1909: 49
1909
Loc

Lycopodium wilsonii Underwood & F.E Lloyd (1906: 111)

Underwood & F. E Lloyd 1906: 111
1906
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