Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe

Smith, Gideon F., 2023, A review of the infrageneric classifications proposed for Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) from the earliest times up to 2000, Phytotaxa 619 (1), pp. 1-38 : 10-12

Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe

The autonymic Kalanchoe subg. Kalanchoe was automatically established on this date ( Turland et al. 2018: Articles 6.8, 22.1, and 22.3).

6. The infrageneric classification of Kalanchoe , Bryophyllum , and Kitchingia of Alwin Berger (1930)

In a family-level treatment of the Crassulaceae, Berger (1930: 402–408 , summary [“Schlüssel zu den Gruppen der Gattung Kalanchoe ”] on p. 404) published 10 named and numbered, but unranked groups in the genus Kalanchoe sensu stricto, i.e., K. subg. Kalanchoe sensu Smith & Figueiredo (2018a) ( Table 5 ), one of which, “ K. unranked Crenatae ” Berger (1930: 404), was not validly published ( Table 5 , row 2 and further discussed below). The groups that Berger (1930) recognised corresponded approximately to Hamet’s groups (see Table 4 ). However, in contrast to the monographic work of Hamet (1907a, 1908a, b) in Kalanchoe, Berger (1930: 404–412) recognised Kalanchoe , Bryophyllum , and Kitchingia as three separate genera, a move that subsequently proved to be very influential, including in regional Floras produced for and in Africa, for example (see Smith & Figueiredo 2018a, Smith 2022g and Smith 2023b for discussions). However, Berger (1930) did not subdivide Bryophyllum and Kitchingia . Kitchingia , as interpreted by Berger (1930: 408), corresponds to Group 1 of Hamet (1907a: 877), while Bryophyllum sensu Berger (1930: 408–412) corresponds to Groups 5 and 9 of Hamet (1907a: 878).

Although Berger (1930) used the symbol “§” for his groups in Kalanchoe , this does not equate to the formal taxonomic rank of ‘section’, nor ‘subsection’, for that matter. In Kalanchoe sensu stricto, Berger (1930) treated 58 species. Smith (2020b) discussed the classification of Berger (1930) and, where necessary, typified the unranked names that Berger published.

Although Berger (1930: 408) separated Bryophyllum and Kitchingia from Kalanchoe ( Table 6 ), the close relationship among the constituent species of these genera makes for very poor genus boundaries. For example, some of the species, such as K. porphyrocalyx , that Berger (1930) placed in Bryophyllum have since been variously included in K. subg. Kitchingia or in K. subg. Bryophyllum . Kalanchoe is here treated as including Bryophyllum and Kitchingia , both at the rank of subgenus.

With one exception, “ Kalanchoe [unranked] Crenatae ” Berger (1930: 405), nom. inval., the unranked names that Berger (1930) published in Kalanchoe are validly published ( Turland et al. 2018: Art. 37.3), but have no status in questions of priority, except for purposes of homonymy ( Turland et al. 2018: Art. 53.3). Berger (1930) did not indicate types for his unranked infrageneric names. In two instances, lectotypes were designated by Smith (2020b; see below).

The 10 unranked names, additionally numbered as “§ 1.” to “§ 10.” by Berger (1930), with their types, are as follows:

Tables

TABLE 6. Taxa included in Kitchingia and Bryophyllum by Berger (1930: 408–412). Berger (1930) did not subdivide these two genera into unranked units. The species names provided in the 2nd column are deliberately those that Berger (1930) used, i.e., some of them may today be included in the synonymy of other species. The species names are listed according to the sequence in which they appear in Berger (1930). To prevent confusion with “Kalanchoe”, “Kitchingia” is not abbreviated to “K.” in the Table. “B.” = Bryophyllum.

Genera	Species
Kitchingia peltata Baker (1883: 140) var. peltata ; Kitchingia peltata var. stapfii (Raymond-Hamet & Perrier
Species included in Kitchingia (7 species; 8 taxa) 1	de la Bâthie 1915: 68) Berger (1930: 408) ; Kitchingia mandrakensis ( Perrier de la Bâthie 1923: 453) Berger (1930: 408); Kitchingia panduriformis Baker (1883: 141) ; Kitchingia gracilipes Baker (1881: 268) ; Kitchingia campanulata Baker (1881: 269) ; Kitchingia parviflora Baker (1883: 141) ; Kitchingia amplexicaulis Baker
(1883: 142)
B. pinnatum ( Lamarck 1786: 141) Oken (1841: 1966) var. pinnatum 2; B. pinnatum var. calcicola (Perrier de
la Bâthie 1928: 21) Berger (1930: 401) ; B. proliferum Bowie ex Hooker (1859 : t. 5147); B. macrochlamys
( Perrier de la Bâthie 1928: 27) Berger (1930: 411); B. schizophyllum ( Baker 1884: 340) Berger (1930: 411) ; B.
juelii (Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1914: 135) Berger (1930: 411) 3; B. rosei (Raymond-Hamet &
Perrier de la Bâthie 1914: 132) Berger (1930: 411); B. verticillatum ( Scott Elliot 1891: 14) Berger (1930: 411) ;
B. tubiflorum Harvey (1862: 380) ; B. bouvetii (Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1914: 192) Berger
Species included in	(1930: 411); B. aliciae ( Hamet 1910c: 191) Berger (1930: 411) ; B. tsaratananense ( Perrier de la Bâthie 1928:
Bryophyllum	24) Berger (1930: 411); B. suarezense ( Perrier de la Bâthie 1928: 21) Berger (1930: 411) ; B. daigremontianum
(24 species; 25 taxa)	(Raymond-Hamet & Perrier de la Bâthie 1914: 128) Berger (1930: 412); B. beauverdii ( Hamet 1907a: 887)
Berger (1930: 412); B. crenatum Baker (1883: 139) ; B. miniatum (Hils. & Bojer ex Tulasne 1857: 149)
Berger (1930: 412); B. streptanthum ( Baker 1887: 472) Berger (1930: 412) ; B. scandens ( Perrier de la Bâthie
1928: 28) Berger (1930: 412); B. sulphureum ( Baker 1887: 471) Berger (1930: 412) ; B. ambrense (Perrier
de la Bâthie 1928: 23) Berger (1930: 412) ; B. uniflorum ( Stapf 1908: 258) Berger (1930: 412) ; B. costantinii
( Hamet 1907a: 889) Berger (1930: 412); B. adelae ( Hamet 1908a: 26) Berger (1930: 412); B. porphyrocalyx
( Baker 1883: 142) Berger (1930: 412)

1 See Smith et al. (2021d) for a revision of K. subg. Kitchingia .

2 See Smith & Figueiredo (2018b).

3 See Shtein & Smith (2021).