Reikosiella (Hirticauda) graeca, Fusu, Lucian, 2013

Fusu, Lucian, 2013, A revision of the Palaearctic species of Reikosiella (Hirticauda) (Hymenoptera, Eupelmidae), Zootaxa 3636 (1), pp. 1-34 : 18-21

5. Reikosiella (Hirticauda) graeca sp. nov.

( Figs 15 , 21, 35)

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: Holotype Ƥ: GR [ GREECE]: Viotia, Parnassos,/ 11 km NW Arachova/ 1100 m ö h/ 6.vi.1982 loc. 4/ leg. R. Danielsson (DAYS); Reikosiella / ( Hirticauda )/ Bouček/ Det. G. Gibson 1994 (ZMLU) [card mounted on the left side, uncontorted, entire but head and metasoma collapsed].

DESCRIPTION. FEMALE. Holotype Ƥ: length about 2 mm. Head (Fig. 21) yellowish-brown, with a faint green lustre on gena behind malar sulcus and interantennal prominence, and frontovertex dark with metallic golden-green lustre; maxillary and labial palpi yellowish-brown. Antenna with scape yellowish-brown with darker dorsal margin and rest dark brown without perceivable metallic lustre. Mesosoma ( Fig. 15 ) yellowish-brown, lighter than head, with scutellum and axillae concolorous with other sclerites; a small spot on lateral corner of pronotum anterior to each spiracle almost black, dorsellum, mesepisternum and apical half of tegula of a darker hue; pronotum dorsally and callar regions of propodeum with faint green lustre, convex anterior part of mesoscutum and dorsal ridge of mesoscutal lateral lobe bluish-green to blue, outer side of lateral lobe with a faint green lustre, depressed median area with faint magenta lustre anteriorly and mesally. Fore wing with brownish venation except median part of submarginal vein lighter; disc infuscate starting from parastigma and at proximal angle of basal cell, with three darker, fuzzy areas: one behind parastigma and extreme base of marginal vein continuing along basal fold, one behind stigmal vein hardly extending to median fold, and one distad stigmal vein at anterodistal angle of wing (Fig. 21). Legs including coxae yellowish-brown with following regions brown: last tarsomeres, a wide stripe on dorsal surface of mid femur along apical half of posterior margin, basal third of dorsal surface of mid tibia, diffuse median brown stripe on anterior and posterior surfaces of hind femur, a sharp oblique stripe on anterior surface of hind tibia and hind coxa. Metasoma dark brown, with Mt2 and Mt3 paler, but exact color pattern difficult to assess because of preservation state of the specimen. Ovipositor sheath pale brown in basal 3/5 and dark brown at extreme apex, but with a well delimited yellow ring of about 1/4 of sheath length.

Head shiny, mostly polished, with effaced alutaceous sculpture on lower face and occipital area and numerous setiferous pinprick-like punctures; setae on frontovertex black and semierect, more prostrate on occiput, and those on lower face translucent. Head in frontal view slightly wider than high but otherwise exact ratios unknown because head of unique type specimen collapsed. Eye inconspicuously microsetose with setae as long as an ommatidium. Scape in dorsal view strongly curved, in outer view slightly more than 4× as long as wide, wider in basal third and gradually narrowed toward apex, and with a ventral lamina in apical 1/3; in outer view pedicel 2× as long as wide, F1 subquadrate, F2 2× as long as wide, and following segments gradually shortened and broadened toward clava, but all longer than wide (F8 only slightly); clava as long as two and a half apical funiculars. Relative measurements: SL 25, SW 6.

Pronotum medially divided, with alutaceous sculpture especially on lateral surfaces, and with sparse semierect setae, 14 of which are in a line along posterior margin; mesoscutum with convex median lobe alutaceous to coriaceous and with inconspicuous translucent setae, lateral lobes carinate in posterior quarter, alutaceous except dorsal surface coriaceous (mesh size very small), with a few black erect setae especially on posterolateral surface, and median depressed area bare and shiny. Axillae finely obliquely alutaceous with narrow cells, appearing striate, with anterior edge in same plane as scutellum base, convexly sloping posteriorly and with 13, black, semierect, evenly distributed setae; scutellum convex, dorsal surface circularly imbricate-coriaceous (mesh size much smaller than an ommatidium) with numerous black, semierect setae arranged in a ribcage-like pattern, becoming semicircularly coriaceous posterodorsally and posterior surface nearly polished. Dorsellum polished, with a large rounded median lobe covering apex of scutellum. Propodeum without plical depression, with plical region narrow and anteriorly with V-shaped and posteriorly with Λ-shaped carinae touching medially; callar region slightly convex with dense, long white setae in outer half, with a moderately large spiracle much smaller than a posterior ocellus separated from anterior margin by distance equal to its own largest diameter. Acropleuron bare, imperceptibly alutaceous anteriorly and posteriorly, and rest polished; cuticle very thin so that attachment site of mesotergal-mesopleural muscle clearly visible; mesepisternum alutaceous, with white setae except in extreme anterior region, setae denser and longer in posterior half. Hind coxa alutaceous, with dense white setae along ventral margin and on anteroventral corner of outer surface and with a few setae along dorsal edge. Mesotibia with 5 apical pegs. Fore wing short, 2.4× as long as wide; basal cell entirely densely microsetose, the setae dark at base and translucent elsewhere; costal cell with a few setae at base on ventral side and with a single median line of short, inconspicuous setae; apical third of costal cell, parastigma and area behind it with longer, darker setae than on rest of disc, which is evenly setose with short, dark brown setae; venation with very long uncus and strongly enlarged stigma ( Fig. 35 ), cc: mv: stv: pmv: uncus: u-pmv = 2.4: 2.8: 1: 1.5: 0.4: 0.4. Relative measurements: MSL 66, MSCL 30, MSCW 32, SCL 17, SCW 13, AXW 10, AXL 11, FWL 114, FWW 47, cc 33, mv 39, stv 14, pmv 21, uncus 6, u-pmv 6, HWL 92, HWW 26, MT 52, HT 47.

Metasoma with terga finely alutaceous to polished, sparsely setose on sides, other features concealed because structures collapsed. Ovipositor sheath 0.8× hind tibia length. Relative measurements: MTL ~65, MTW ~30, OL 38.

MALE. Unknown.

RECOGNITION. The female of Reikosiella graeca most closely resembles females of R. bolivari , both in color and antennal structure (see under R. bolivari ).

BIOLOGY. Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION. Greece.

6. Reikosiella (Hirticauda) hungarica (Erd õ s) ( Figs 5 , 11 , 18, 34, 53–54)

Eupelmus hungaricus Erdỏs, 1959: 327–330, Hungary (holotype Ƥ, HNHM type No. 6578, examined); Erdỏs, 1960: 224, 225 (keyed, figured); Bouček, 1968: 238 (distribution); Trjapitzin, 1978: 232 (keyed); Kalina, 1988: 23 (keyed); Askew, 1999: 155 (distribution); Askew et al. 2001: 30 (distribution).

Eupelmus (Eupelmus) hungaricus: Askew & Nieves-Aldrey, 2000: 53 , 59 (keyed, distribution).

Reikosiella (Hirticauda) hungarica : combination by Gibson in Nieves-Aldrey et al. 2003: 38.

Reikosiella hungarica: Askew & Nieves-Aldrey, 2004: 37 –38 (taxonomy); Askew et al. 2006: 26, 46 (biology).

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: HUNGARY: Holotype Ƥ of Eupelmus hungaricus : Bátor-/ liget/ dr. Erdös; Salix / cinerea / L.; Eupelmus / hungaricus / Erd/ det Erdös; Ƥ; Typus [red label]; Holotypus Ƥ/ Eupelmus / hungaricus / Erdös, 1954 Ƥ; Typ. No.6578 Mus. Budapest (HNHM). GREECE: 1Ƥ 13, Kerkini lake, Procom site, 05.V–1.V.2008, N 41°22’38.1” E 23° 21’ 58.8”, MT, G. Ramel (AICF). FRANCE: 1Ƥ, Normandie 27940, Courcelles-sur-Seine, Les Vallots, 04–18.vi.2010, peluse sableuse/ lisière de roncier, MT, A. Simon (AICF). Hérault, 1Ƥ, Baillarguet, CSIRO lab., 43°41’12”N 3°52’24”E, 5–15.v.1993, champ sauvage, MT, P.G. Mason. 1Ƥ, same data but 15–22.v.1993. 1Ƥ, Saint-Vincent-de-Barbeyrargues, 43°42’18”N 3°53’E, 8–19.v.1993, garrigue sauvage, YPT, P. G. Mason. 1Ƥ, same data but 28.iv–5.v.1993. 13, same data but 21–28.iv.1993 (CNC). 1Ƥ, Monsla-Trivalle, Gorges d’Héric, 03.vi.1990, Salix, G. Delvare (GDCO). SPAIN: 1Ƥ, Valencia, Saler, 08.v.1989, J.-Y. Rasplus & M. Martinez (CBGP).

DESCRIPTION. FEMALE. Length in available material 1.5–2.25 mm (holotype 2.6 mm according to original description; not measured by me when I examined it in 2010). Dark-bodied. Head ( Fig. 5 ) shiny, metallic dark bluish-green, under some angles of light with a coppery to dark violet narrow transverse stripe at upper limit of scrobal depression, interantennal prominence dark violet, malar space and gena with some bronze hue; maxillary and labial palpi pale yellowish. Antenna with scape, pedicel, F1 and F2 dark brown, but in some specimens apex of F2 dirty-white; F3–F6 white; F7, F8 and clava dark brown ( Fig. 54 ). Mesosoma ( Fig. 11 ) with pronotum brown, with bluish-green metallic lustre dorsally; mesoscutum primarily brown with a bright bluish-green lustre, convex anterior part violet and depressed median area with coppery lustre in some specimens; tegula brown; scutellum metallic dark green and axillae dark brown with only a faint green shine, but not contrasting with scutellum; dorsellum and propodeum dark brown; prepectus and acropleuron dark brown, with anterior half of acropleuron with some metallic lustre under some angles of light; mesepisternum dark brown with some metallic lustre similar to acropleuron. Fore wing with brown venation except median part of submarginal vein lighter; disc infuscate, with a brownish area in basal third of basal cell and relatively uniformly and strongly infuscate from parastigma to wing apex, with a slightly darker band behind parastigma followed by slightly paler area behind basal half of marginal vein and paler apex (Fig. 18). Legs with contrasting light and dark regions, coxae dark brown, fore leg primarily brown with pale dirty-yellow trochanter, knee, apex of tibia and tarsus except last tarsomere darker; mid leg with brownish-yellow trochanter and base of femur, whitish-yellow knees but rest of femur brown, tibia and tarsus whitish-yellow except last tarsomere and tibia with a broad brown, subbasal ring; hind leg with femur brown except extreme base whitish similar to trochanter, tibia with basal half or slightly less white, apex pale yellow and with a large brown subapical ring about as wide as the light base, tarsus whitish-yellow except last tarsomere brownish. Metasoma entirely brownish or Mt2 whitish translucent ventrobasally, and with green, red, and bronze lustres under some angles of light, especially on Mt7 and Mt8. Ovipositor sheath uniformly brown or with a barely visible paler subapical area.

Head with lower face, lower parascrobal area and temples imbricate-alutaceous to coriaceous, malar space and gena alutaceous with area below lower eye orbit near malar sulcus smooth, vertex from posterior ocelli and occipital area imbricate-coriaceous, frontovertex virtually polished in rest, except finely coriaceous on some areas and with scattered pinprick-like punctures; scrobal depression strongly imbricate-reticulate (mesh size much smaller than an eye facet), polished at juncture with interantennal prominence and with area above toruli imbricatecoriaceous ( Fig. 5 ); setae on frontovertex erect and translucent, those on lower face inconspicuous. Frontovertex 0.39–0.47× head width, with ocelli arranged in a right triangle. Eye inconspicuously microsetose with setae about as long as an ommatidium. Toruli with upper margin in line with lower orbit. Scape in dorsal view strongly curved, in outer view 3.3–3.8× as long as wide, nearly parallel sided, without a ventral lamina; in lateral view pedicel 2.2–2.3× as long as wide, F1 quadrate to slightly longer than wide, F2 1.5–1.9× as long as wide, and following segments all longer than wide, of similar length but gradually broadened toward clava, with F8 about 1.4× as long as wide; clava nearly 3× as long as wide, as long as two and a half apical funiculars; pedicel plus flagellum about 1.6–1.7× HW. Relative measurements: HW 25.5–33, FV 12–13, HL 15–19, HH 21–26, EL 13–17, EW 10–14, MS 10–11.5, LOL 2.5–3.5, OOL 2.5, POL 4.5–5.5, MPOD 2–3, SL 15–19, SW 4.5–5.

Pronotum divided medially, coriaceous to imbricate-coriaceous anteriorly and imbricate-alutaceous on lateral surfaces, with a line of about 10 erect setae along posterior margin and less conspicuous setae scattered over dorsal surface; mesoscutum uniformly covered with dense, long, semierect setae, with convex anterior lobe imbricatecoriaceous to reticulate mesally, lateral lobes imbricate-coriaceous (dorsal surface of latter with very small mesh size), carinate in the posterior third and median depressed area finely coriaceous mesally, nearly polished in rest, with an area of smooth longitudinal rugae in front of anterior angle of scutellum. Axillae strongly, obliquely imbricate-alutaceous, appearing strigose, with anterior edge in same plane as base of scutellum, and convexly sloping posteriorly; scutellum convex, circularly imbricate-coriaceous to reticulate dorsally (mesh size much smaller than an ommatidium), becoming semi-circularly coriaceous posteriorly and with nearly polished apex, with several erect, long setae in row laterally, each row with about four setae. Dorsellum polished, with a broadly rounded median lobe covering apex of scutellum. Propodeum without plical depression, with plical region narrow and anteriorly with V-shaped and posteriorly with Λ-shaped carinae touching medially; callar region slightly convex with long whitish setae in outer half, and with spiracle much smaller than a posterior ocellus and separated from anterior margin by distance equal to its own largest diameter. Acropleuron bare, finely imbricate-coriaceous anteriorly and gradually smoother posteriorly; mesepisternum coriaceous, with scattered white, erect setae, of which some arranged along acropleural sulcus. Hind coxa alutaceous to coriaceous, with a few white setae along ventral margin of outer surface and along dorsal edge. Mesotibia with 4 or 5 apical pegs. Fore wing about 3× as long as wide; basal cell with uniformly distributed sparse setae; costal cell microsetose at base and apically, with two median lines of longer setae; parastigma with longer, darker setae than rest of disc, which is evenly setose with short, brownish setae; venation with a long uncus and enlarged stigma ( Figs 34 , 53 ), cc: mv: stv: pmv: uncus: upmv = 3.5–4: 5.3–5.6: 1: 1.8–2.3: 0.25–0.4: 0.2–0.6. Relative measurements: MSL ~44–62, MSCL 17–26, MSCW 19–26, SCL 10–15, SCW 6–10, AXW 5–7, AXL 7–9, FWL 72–98, FWW 23.5–33, cc 19–28, mv 29–39, stv 5.5–7, pmv 10–16, uncus 2.5–3, u-pmv 2–4, HWL 64–86, HWW 11–18, MT 29–38, HT 29–38.

Metasoma with terga reticulate and sparsely setose, except Mt8 finely imbricate-alutaceous; Mt2–Mt4 emarginate medially, Mt5 and Mt6 only slightly emarginate; Mt8 (syntergum) with a distinct dorsal surface anterior to emargination surrounding posterodorsally facing anal sclerite. Ovipositor sheath 0.9–0.95× hind tibia length. Relative measurements: MTL 53–73, MTW 23–33, OL 26–36.

MALE. See under recognition.

VARIABILITY. The specimens from southern France have shorter funicular segments than those from Greece or Hungary but are otherwise similar and seem to be conspecific. The difference is more conspicuous in males, the male from Greece having F2 about 3 times as long as wide and the male from France only about 2.3 times as long as wide.

RECOGNITION. Reikosiella hungarica is most similar to R. tripotinorum . Females of both species have similar fore wing, antennal and leg color pattern, except that in R. tripotinorum the scape is dirty yellowish, darkened along the dorsal and ventral edges, and in R. hungarica it is dark brown similar to the pedicel, F1 and F2. Females of the two species can be readily differentiated using body color pattern and ovipositor sheath length as given in the key.

The males of the two species are very similar and using available material I could not find any useful characters to separate them, except that R. tripotinorum males have a small shallow depression at the apex of interantennal region, which is absent from the available material of R. hungarica .

BIOLOGY. The holotype of Eupelmus hungaricus was collected from Salix cinerea L. ( Salicaceae ) (Erdös, 1959). One specimen from France was also collected on Salix sp. and Askew et al. (2006) reared one specimen from sexual galls of Pediaspis aceris (Gmelin) ( Hymenoptera : Cynipidae ).

DISTRIBUTION. This rare species was known previously from only six specimens: one from Hungary (Erdös 1959), one from Czech Republic (Bouček 1968), three from Spain (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2004) and one from France (Askew et al. 2006). Here newly recorded for Greece.

Figures

FIGURES 7 – 16. Reikosiella (Hirticauda) Ƥ: 7, R. andriescui dorsal habitus. 8, R. vanharteni head. 9, R. koreana head. 10, R. rostrata dorsal habitus. 11, R. hungarica dorsal habitus. 12, R. tripotinorum dorsal habitus. 13, R. gordoni dorsal habitus. 14, R. bolivari dorsal habitus. 15, R. graeca dorsal habitus. 16, R. cornuta dorsal habitus. Scale bar 0.5 mm for 7, 10 – 16 and 0.1 mm for 8 – 9.

FIGURES 31 – 40. Reikosiella (Hirticauda) Ƥ fore wing venation: 31, R. andriescui (inverted image of left wing). 32, R. bolivari. 33, R. cornuta. 34, R. hungarica. 35, R. graeca. 36, R. gordoni (ventral side of left wing). 37, R. koreana. 38, R. rostrata. 39, R. tripotinorum. 40, R. vanharteni. Scale bar 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 1 – 6. Reikosiella (Hirticauda) Ƥ heads: 1, R. rostrata. 2, R. andriescui. 3, R. gordoni. 4, R. cornuta. 5, R. hungarica. 6, R. tripotinorum. Scale bar 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 45 – 54. Details of Reikosiella (Hirticauda) Ƥ. 45 – 48, R. rostrata: 45, dorsal body and wings; 46, head in frontal view; 47, detail of fore wing venation; 48, antenna. 49 – 52, R. gordoni: 49, dorsal body and fore wing; 50, head in frontal view; 51, detail of fore wing venation; 52, antenna. 53 – 54, R. hungarica: 53, detail of fore wing venation; 54, antenna. Scale bar 0.2 mm.