Cradoscrupocellaria odonoghuei, VIEIRA & JONES & WINSTON, 2013

VIEIRA, LEANDRO M., JONES, MARY E. SPENCER & WINSTON, JUDITH E., 2013, <p class = " HeadingRunIn " align = " left "> <strong> <em> Cradoscrupocellaria </ em>, a new bryozoan genus for <em> Scrupocellaria bertholletii </ em> (Audouin) and related species (Cheilostomata, Candidae): taxonomy, biodiversity and distribution </ strong> </ p>, Zootaxa 3707 (1), pp. 1-63 : 52-54

Cradoscrupocellaria odonoghuei n. sp.

( Fig. 27 , Table 6)

Material examined. Holotype. NHMUK 2010.12 .6.21 ( Fig. 27 ), as Scrupocellaria reptans, C.H. O’Donoghue det., C.H. O’Donoghue Collection, Gairloch, Scotland, British Isles . Paratype. NHMUK 2010.12 .6.22, same data as for holotype .

Type locality. Gairloch , Scotland .

Etymology. Honorific for the late British-born zoologist Charles Henry O’Donoghue (1885–1961).

Diagnosis. Chitinous joints passing across gymnocyst in outer zooids at bifurcation (zooids C and D); zooids almost tubular, slightly tapering proximally, with 3 outer and 2 inner distal spines; scutum large, stout, highly branched and curving at tip, fully developed and completely covering opesia; distolateral avicularium on each zooid, placed behind the outer oral spines; monomorphic aquiline frontal avicularium; basal vibraculum sometimes present; ovicells with frontal pseudopores linked by internal sutures.

Description. Colony erect, fan-shaped, branches comprising 5 (rarely 7) zooids. Internodes stout, almost straight, with acute bifurcating pattern; chitinous joints passing across gymnocyst in both outer (zooids C and D) and inner zooids (zooids F and G) at bifurcation. Autozooids cylindrical, tapering proximally. Oval opesia occupying half to three fifths of zooid length; cryptocyst a very narrow rim around opesia. Scutum large, robust, stout, branched and curved at tip, fully developed, inserted at midline of inner opesial border and overarching entire frontal membrane. Five distal spines, unbranched and curved; 2 inner and 3 outer spines, with proximalmost outer and inner spines directed forward. Small distolateral avicularium on each zooid, obscured by outer oral spines. Large aquiline frontal avicularium often present on gymnocyst of outer zooids of internodes, rostrum with serrated edge, directed forward, with triangular hooked mandible. Vibracular chamber often present on basal surface of each zooid, inconspicuous in frontal view; chamber of vibraculum trapezoidal, large, with proximal rhizoidal foramen; setal groove transverse to internode axis, straight, with smooth seta long as one autozooid. Single axial vibraculum small, without rhizoidal foramen. Rhizoids tubular and smooth. Ovicells globular, with rounded pseudopores linked by internal sutures.

Remarks. Cradoscrupocellaria odonoghuei n. sp. resembles C. gautieri n. sp., C. macrorhyncha and C. macrorhynchoides n. sp. in its stout, branched frontal scutum, but differs in having an aquiline rather than elongate frontal avicularium and internodes with joints passing across gymnocyst in outer zooids at the bifurcation.

The Mediterranean specimens reported as Scrupocellaria reptans by Zabala and Maluquer (1988) (= Scrupocellaria macrorhyncha sensu Zabala i Limosin 1986, not Gautier 1962) resemble C. adonoghuei in having large, stout scuta completely covering the opesia, but they seem to be a distinct species in having smaller frontal avicularia, a more-branched scutum and the inconstant presence of lateral avicularia.

Distribution. British Isles: Scotland.

Species without scutum

Figures

FIGURE 27. Cradoscrupocellaria odonoghuei n. sp. A–F, NHMUK 2010.12.6.21, holotype, Scotland. A, Frontal surface of colony. B, Frontal surface of branch bifurcation; note the joints passing across gymnocyst of outer zooids at the bifurcation. C, Close-up of a branch bifurcation. D, Close-up of gigantic frontal avicularium. E, Abfrontal surface of colony; note the smooth rhizoids arising from proximal end of some vibracular chambers. F, Abfrontal surface of branch bifurcation.