Ljudmilena callosa, Ruud, A. Bank, Henk P. M. G Menkhorst & Eike Neubert, 2016

Ruud, A. Bank, Henk P. M. G Menkhorst & Eike Neubert, 2016, Descriptions of new and little-known land snail taxa from Turkey, and establishment of a new genus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata: Lauriidae, Enidae and Vitrinidae), Basteria 80 (1), pp. 5-30 : 14-15

Ljudmilena Schileyko, 1984

Ljudmilena Schileyko, 1984: 244, 309. Type species (by original designation): Chondrus sieversi Mousson, 1873 .

The genus Ljudmilena is distributed in the northeastern part of Turkey, the northwestern part of Iran, and the southern part of the Caucasus (Georgia, Armenia). Both sinistral and dextral species are known. Despite the availability of a plethora of shell characters, the taxonomy is still in a deplorable state. There are two revisions, carried out by Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) and Schütt (2004), but the results of the 2004 revision are quite different from that of the 1996 revision. The discovery of two new species forced us to revise the genus once more. The outcome is fundamentally different from the two mentioned revisions. In summary, we found that L. adjarica sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) is L. euxina and that L. adjarica sensu Schütt (2004) is a mixture of L. euxina and our new species L. mariannae . Ljudmilena euxina sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996 and 2004) is indeed L. euxina . Ljudmilena araxena sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) is L. mariannae , whereas L. araxena sensu Schütt (2004) is L. cespitum . Ljudmilena armeniaca sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) and Schütt (2004) is L. tricollis , whereas L. tricollis sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) and Schütt (2004) is L. tricollis and L. excellens , respectively. Ljudmilena excellens and L. cespitum as interpreted by Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) and Schütt (2004) belong indeed to L. excellens and L. cespitum . However, L. bayburti newly described by Schütt (2004) also belongs to L. cespitum . Furthermore, L. sieversi sensu Schütt & Yıldırım (1996) is also L. cespitum , whereas L. sieversi sensu Schütt (2004) is indeed L. sieversi . The results of our revision is presented in Table 1 .

It should be noted that the shell of fig. 1 ( Schütt, 2004) is the same shell as the one depicted on fig. 7 ( Schütt, 1996), but the legend differs: “Ispir, Stadtge- biet” (SMF 318769a) versus “Çoruh-Fluß, etwa 10 km N Ispir, Böschung unterhalb Köç” (SMF 318769b), respectively. The legend of 2004 is in fact the same as the label of fig. 6 of the 1996 paper, but this is a different shell.

The Ljudmilena species can easily be identified by means of their armature and coiling direction (see below; only diagnostic criteria are mentioned):

Shell sinistral

L. excellens (Retowski, 1889) : Infraparietalis present, subangularis very prominent (often fused with the infraparietalis). Synonyms: acampsica Lindholm, 1923; duodecimgyrata Lindholm, 1923.

L. tricollis (Mousson, 1876) : Infraparietalis absent, subangularis less prominent. Synonyms: minor O. Boettger, 1880 ; armeniacus Ancey, 1893; carseana Lindholm, 1923.

Shell dextral

L. cespitum (Mortillet, 1853) : infraparietalis absent, dot-like columellaris on peristome, oblique palatalis superior, parietalis reaches close to the peristome, prominent subangularis . Synonyms: araxena Lindholm, 1923 .

L. euxina (Retowski, 1883) : small infraparietalis, no columellaris (the columellar ledge looks like a columellaris!), horizontally placed palatalis superior, parietalis deep inside the aperture, less prominent subangularis . Synonyms: adjaricus Retowski, 1889.

L. sieversi (Mousson, 1873) : as in cespitum , but subangularis highly reduced, and palatalis superior less oblique and less prominent. Synonyms: hoplites Westerlund, 1890.

L. callosa spec. nov.: as in sieversi , but columellaris missing and subangularis more prominent.

L. mariannae spec. nov.: as in euxina , but dot-like columellaris present, and no infraparietalis.

Tables

Table 1. Results of the revision of Ljudmilena Schileyko, 1984.

Schüfl & Yıldırım (1996)	Schüfl (2004)	This paper
fig. 1 – L. adjarica	fig. 8 – L. adjarica	L. euxina
fig. 2 – L. adjarica	:129 – L. adjarica	L. euxina
fig. 3 – L. adjarica	figure not mentioned	L. euxina
fig. 4 – L. araxena	:129 – L. adjarica L. mariannae	L. mariannae
fig. 5 – L. armeniaca	fig. 7 – L. armeniaca	L. tricollis
fig. 6 – L. cespitum	:126 – L. cespitum	L. cespitum
fig. 7 – L. cespitum	fig. 1 – L. cespitum	L. cespitum
fig. 8 – L. euxina	fig. 5 – L. euxina	L. euxina
fig. 9 – L. excellens	figure not mentioned	L. excellens
fig. 10 – L. excellens	fig. 6 – L. excellens	L. excellens
fig. 11 – L. sieversi	:129 – L. bayburti	L. cespitum
fig. 12 – L. sieversi	fig. 15 – L. bayburti	L. cespitum
fig. 13 – L. tricollis	figure not mentioned	L. tricollis
fig. 14 – L.? werneri	:129 – L.? werneri	Chondrula werneri
	figs 2 + 3 – L. sieversi	L. sieversi
	fig. 4 – L. tricollis	L. excellens
	fig. 9 – L. adjarica	L. mariannae
	figs 10 + 11 – L. araxena	L. cespitum
	figs 12 + 13 +14 – L. bayburti	L. cespitum