Trissolcus saakowi (Mayr), 1893

Talamas, Elijah J., Buffington, Matthew L. & Hoelmer, Kim, 2017, Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 56, pp. 3-185 : 49-53

Trissolcus saakowi (Mayr) Figures 11 , 145 , 146-147 , 148-153

Trissolcus mentha Kozlov & Lê, syn. n.; http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3265; Morphbank49

Trissolcus radjabii Iranipour, syn. n. м http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/244989; Morphbank50

Telenomus Saakowi Mayr, 1903: 397 (original description).

Microphanurus saakowi (Mayr): Kieffer, 1926: 91, 95 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Trissolcus saakovi (Mayr): Kozlov, 1968: 198, 202 (description, emendation, lectotype designation, keyed); Fabritius, 1972: 30 (keyed); Szabó, 1975: 266 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1976: 658 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 504 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 629 (description); Kozlov & Kononova, 1983: 84 (description).

Trissolcus mentha Kozlov & Lê syn. n.: Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 510 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 1253 (original description); Kozlov, 1978: 635 (description); Kozlov & Kononova, 1983: 107 (description); Ghahari, Buhl & Kocak, 2011: 596 (listed).

Trissolcus radjabii Iranipour syn. n., 2010: 66 (original description, diagnosis); Ghahari, Buhl & Kocak, 2011: 596 (listed).

Trissolcus saakowi (Mayr): Ghahari, Buhl & Kocak, 2011: 596 (listed).

Description.

Female body length: 1.06-1.94 mm (n=9). Male body length: 1.69 mm (n=1). Body color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma black.

Head. Color of radicle: orange; pale brown; yellow. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: pale brown; yellow; yellow, becoming brown distally. Color of A7-A11 in female: brown. Number of basiconic sensilla on A6: 0. Number of basiconic sensilla on A7: 2. Facial striae: absent; present as short grooves. Number of clypeal setae: 2. Microsculpture on gena directly above mandibular condyle: absent. Shape of ventral gena in lateral view: narrow. Genal carina: absent. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: antero-posteriorly striate. Orbital furrow: medially delimited by ridge or carina at midpoint of eye, poorly defined or absent near intersection with malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons between antennal scrobe and anterior ocellus: absent; weakly transversely strigose. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: sparse. Punctation of lateral frons: sparse; dense. Sculpture directly ventral to preocellar pit: dorsoventrally fluted; microsculptured. Macrosculpture of lateral frons: absent; horizontally striate ventrally, striae of antennal scrobe extending to lateral frons. OOL: separated by less than one ocellar diameter. Hyperoccipital carina: complete. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: present. Anterior margin of occipital carina: coarsely crenulate.

Mesosoma. Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: striate, striae formed by elongation of cells of netrion sulcus; rugose. Netrion sulcus: incomplete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: undifferentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum. Number of episternal foveae: 4 or more. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: abutting postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: extending to mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: simple; extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present, striae perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present dorsally. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: absent. Postacetabular sulcus: formed by large cells. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: formed by large cells. Mesofurcal pit: absent. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: absent. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: poorly defined to absent. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture to absent. Anteroventral extension of metapleuron: extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: indicated by a line of cells. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Macrosculpture of mesoscutum: ab sent; reticulate anteriorly, becoming longitudinally strigose posteriorly; longitudinally striate posteromedially, otherwise absent; longitudinally striate posteriorly, otherwise absent; longitudinally striate. Pattern of mesoscutal microsculpture: uniform throughout. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: about half the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: present. Notaulus: absent; indicated only at posterior margin of mesoscutum. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: present. Protruberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum directly posterior to notaulus: uncertain, absent; uncertain, present. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: round. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: dorsoventrally strigose. Area bounded by axillar crescent: rugulose punctate. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: rugose throughout; rugose laterally. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: present throughout. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: coarsely rugose. Metanotal trough: smooth in dorsal half, with line of foveae ventrally. Metapostnotum: invaginated near lateral edge of metascutellum. Length of postmarginal vein: about 1.5 times as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae dark brown to black, trochanters and femora yellow to brown, elsewhere yellow to orange. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: punctate or crenulate.

Metasoma. Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: present. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): 0. Setation of laterotergite 1: present. Longitudinal striation of T2: present in most of tergite, extending posteriorly to transverse line of setae. Setation of T2: present throughout posterolateral corner. Setation of laterotergite 2: present. Posteriorly directed setae on medial S1: present. Striation of S2: present laterally, absent medially; absent. Setation of S2: sparsely present throughout area not covered by laterotergite.

Diagnosis.

Setation on the first laterotergite unambiguously separates T. saakowi from all Palearctic species in the flavipes group. This character occurs in T. stoicus , T. mitsukurii , and rarely in T. semistriatus , all of which are quite different species in terms of their diagnostic characters and general appearance. Most similar to T. saakowi in the Palearctic is T. tumidus , with which it shares the punctate-rugulose interior of the axillar crescent (Figures 8 , 11 ). Trissolcus saakowi may be separated from T. tumidus by setation of the first laterotergite and the absence of a well defined orbital furrow at its intersection with the malar sulcus. These two species have similar distributions, stretching from the the Middle East to Far Eastern Asia.

Link to distribution map.

http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3301

Material examined.

Lectotype, female, T. saakowi : TURKMENISTAN: Askhabad (Askabad) Dist., VII-1902, reared, J. Vassillief, NHMW 0003 (deposited in NHMW) . Paralectotype of T. saakowi : TURKMENISTAN: 1 female, USNMENT01059011 ( NHMW) . Holotype, female, T. mentha : UZBEKISTAN: Samarkand Reg., Samarqand (Samarkand), 13.VII.1957, E. Popova, ZMAS 0146 (deposited in ZIN) . Paratypes of T. radjabii : IRAN: 5 females, OSUC259828-259832 ( OSUC) . Other material: (23 females, 14 males) AFGHANISTAN: 3 females, 1 male, USNMENT00916471-00916474 ( BMNH). CHINA : 1 female, USNMENT00977544 ( USNM). GREECE : 1 female, 1 male, USNMENT00916066 ( BMNH); USNMENT00896234 ( CNCI). INDIA : 1 female, 1male, USNMENT00916359 ( BMNH); OSUC144506 ( CNCI). IRAN : 2 females, USNMENT00916481, 00916484 ( BMNH). MOROCCO : 10 females, 9 males, USNMENT00896068, 00896077-00896078, 00896081-00896082, 00896092, 00896095-00896102, 00896104-00896105, 00896108, 00896327, 00896332 ( CNCI). PAKISTAN : 2 females, 2 males, USNMENT00916354-00916357 ( BMNH). SPAIN : 1 female, USNMENT00896334 ( CNCI). TURKEY : 2 females, CNC424591, CNC424592T ( CNCI).

Comments.

Trissolcus saakowi exhibits variability in the sculpture of the mesonotum and the punctation and sculpture of the frons lateral to the antennal scrobe. The mesoscutum may be longitudinally striate throughout, reticulate anteriorly with longitudinal lines medially or posteriorly, or there may be no pronounced macrosculpture at all. The notaulus is typically very short, but may be indistinguishable from mesoscutal striation or even entirely absent. The holotype of T. mentha is smaller than most specimens of T. saakowi , which we attribute to development in a smaller host egg. It also exhibits less pronounced surface sculpture than the larger specimens of T. saakowi and the notauli are absent. Female specimens from Pakistan and China have dense punctation on the lateral frons and striation that extends laterally from the antennal scrobe onto the ventrolateral frons. Two males from Pakistan have label data identical to that of the females, and have the sparse punctation and absence of macrosculpture on the frons as do males from other regions.

Figures

Figure 145. Trissolcus saakowi female lectotype (NHMW 0003), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figure 7 - 12. 7 T. mitsukurii, female (USNMENT 00675722), axillar crescent, lateral view 8 T. tumidus, female (USNMENT 00979425), axillar crescent, lateral view 9 T. flavipes, holotype of T. circus, female (ZMAS 0143), axillar crescent, lateral view 10 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), axillar crescent, lateral view. 11 T. saakowi, female (USNMENT 00977544) axillar crescent, lateral view 12 T. nycteridaner, female (USNMENT 00896178), axillar crescent, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 146 - 147. Trissolcus saakowi 146 female lectotype (NHMW 0003), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsolateral view 147 female (USNMENT 00977544), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 148 - 153. Trissolcus saakowi 148 female lectotype (NHMW 0003), head, anterolateral view 149 female (USNMENT 00977544), T 1 - T 2, posterolateral view 150 female (OSUC 259830, paratype of T. radjabii syn. n.) 151 female (USNMENT 00977544), mesosoma, posterodorsal view 152 female (USNMENT 00977544), head, anterior view 153 female lectotype (NHMW 0003), mesosoma, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.