Tynanthus espiritosantensis M.C. Medeiros & L.G. Lohmann (2014: 82)

Medeiros, Maria Cláudia Melo Pacheco De & Lohmann, Lúcia G., 2015, Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), Phytotaxa 216 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

4. Tynanthus espiritosantensis M.C. Medeiros & L.G. Lohmann (2014: 82) Type:— BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Linhares, Reserva Natural da CVRD, Estrada Oiticica , km 2.3, 6 February 2008, D.A. Folli 5931 (holotype CVRD! (11073); isotype SPF! (barcode 199170)).

Fig. 6 : A–I

16 • Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MEDEIROS & LOHMANN TAXONOMIC REVISION OF TYNANTHUS (BIGNONIEAE)

Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 17 Lianas. Branchlets tetragonal to terete, with or without ritidome, finely striated, lenticeled to densely lenticeled, glabrescent (sometimes pubescent at the nodes), with peltate and patelliform trichomes (sometimes also with simple); interpetiolar ridge absent; interpetiolar patelliform glands absent; prophylls of the axillary buds 1.2–2.5 mm long, 0.7–1.1 mm wide, bromeliad-like, glabrescent (rarely puberulent) throughout, with peltate trichomes (rarely also with simple). Leaves 2–3 foliolated (more commonly 3); terminal leaflets often modified into trifid tendrils, without adhesive-disks on tip; petioles and petiolules puberulent throughout surface, with simple and peltate trichomes; petioles 1–6 cm long; petiolules 0.5–3.5 cm long; leaflets (4–) 5–11.9 cm long, (1.5–) 1.9–5.4 cm wide, membranous to chartaceous, discolor, elliptic; apex acuminate or caudate, mucronate; base cuneate, symmetrical; margin entire; the abaxial surface glabrescent (sometimes pubescent) on and near the veins, with peltate and patelliform trichomes (sometimes also simple); the adaxial surface glabrescent on and near the veins, with peltate and patelliform trichomes; glandular trichomes distributed especially on the abaxial surface; second venation weak brochidodromous; pocket domatia with trichomes. Inflorescence axilar, a thyrse, lax, with conical aspect, 3.6–7 cm long; axis pubescent, with simple and peltate trichomes; bracts of the inflorescence predominantly caducous, pubescent throughout or only at margins, 0.7–3.9(–9) mm long; floral bracts 0.5–0.7 mm long; floral pedicels 3.5–9 mm long. Calyx green, 2.3–2.7 mm long, 1.8–2.5 mm wide, with transversal (sometimes oblique) aperture, minutely 5-denticulate, glabrescent (sometimes pubescent at teeth) outside, with patelliform glands; lobes 0.1–0.4 mm long. Corolla white, 0.7–0.8 cm long, 2.5–3.4 mm wide at the tube opening; tube 2.5–4 mm long, internally tomentose to pubescent at the base or glabrescent, with simple and long and short stipitate trichomes; nectar guides absent, but with a path of long and short stipitate trichomes; lobes densely pubescent to pubescent throughout lower ones and at the margin of upper ones; upper ones 0.4–1.1 mm long, 1–1.5 mm wide, acute to obtuse; lower ones 1.8–3.2 mm long, 2.1–2.5 mm wide, obtuse to rounded (sometimes acute). Androecium with fertile stamens inserted 1–1.5 mm from the base of the corolla; shorter ones 2.5–3.5 mm long; longer ones 4.5–5 mm long; anthers thecae 0.8–1.1 mm long, obovate to elliptic, subexserted; connective extending 0.2–0.3 mm beyond anther attachment; staminode ca. 2.4 mm long, glabrescent, with long and short stipitate trichomes. Gynoecium 4.5–6 mm long; ovary 0.8–1 mm long, 0.7–0.9 mm wide, conical, velutinous; style 3.3–5 mm long, tomentose at the base. Fruit not seen. Seeds not seen.

Phenology: —Flowers from December to February; the fruiting season is unknown.

Distribution and habitat: —Occurs in moist broadleaf forests from Brazil (Espírito Santo) ( Fig. 7 ).

18 • Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MEDEIROS & LOHMANN

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Linhares, Rancho Alto , 7 December 1984, G . Hatschbach & J. M . Silva 48693 ( MBM, MO, US) ; Reserva Natural da CVRD , Estrada Oiticica , próximo à porteira, antes do cruzamento com a estrada municipal, 53 m, 27 January 2014, M. C . Medeiros & R. B . Louzada 41 ( CVRD, SPF) .

Taxonomic notes: — Tynanthus espiritosantensis shares bromeliad-like prophylls of the axillary buds, glabrescent elliptic leaflets, corolla tube internally tomentose at base and lax inflorescences with T. schumannianus . Nevertheless, T. espiritosantensis is easily separated by the pubescent leaflet domatia (versus glabrous domatia in T. schumannianus ), lack of patelliform glands in the petioles, petiolules and inflorescence axis (versus presence of patteliform glands in T. schumannianus ) and larger calyx, with 2.3–2.7 × 1.8–2.5 mm (versus smaller calyx, with 1–2 × 1.1–1.9 mm in T. schumannianus ) ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2014). Additionally, T. espiritosantensis occurs in the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo, while T. schumannianus is an Amazonian species. Apart from their morphological similarity, T. espiritosantensis and T. schumannianus are also closely related, belonging to a clade that also contains T. fasciculatus , T. labiatus and T. micranthus , all distributed through the Atlantic Forest ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2015).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Tynanthus espiritosantensis: A. Flowering branch; B–D. Leaflet with pubescent domatia in the abaxial surface; E. Interpetiolar region with bromeliad-like prophylls of the axillary buds; F. Detail of the inflorescence axis, showing bracts, simple and peltate trichomes; G. Open corolla showing the androecium; H. Anther; I. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (D.A. Folli 5931, SPF). Illustration by Klei Sousa. Figure from Medeiros & Lohmann (2014).

FIGURE 7. Distribution of Tynanthus espiritosantensis.