Tynanthus densiflorus M.C. Medeiros & L.G. Lohmann (2014: 79)

Medeiros, Maria Cláudia Melo Pacheco De & Lohmann, Lúcia G., 2015, Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), Phytotaxa 216 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

3. Tynanthus densiflorus M.C. Medeiros & L.G. Lohmann (2014: 79) Type :— BRAZIL. Amazonas : Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, Manaus–Itacoatiara, km 26, 16 August 1996, L.C. Procópio et al. 14 (holotype INPA! (189631); isotypes G!, K!, MO! (6223709), NY!, RB! (barcode 58359), SP! (341845)).

Fig. 4 : A–I

Lianas. Branchlets subtetragonal to terete, without ritidome, finely striated, lenticeled to densely lenticeled, pubescent to puberulent, with simple and peltate trichomes; interpetiolar ridge absent or present; interpetiolar patelliform glands present; prophylls of the axillary buds 0.5–0.8 mm long, 1–2.5 mm wide, minute, shallowly triangular, puberulent throughout, with simple and peltate trichomes. Leaves 2–3 foliolated; terminal leaflets often modified into trifid tendrils, without adhesive-disks on tip; petioles and petiolules puberulent to glabrescent throughout surface, with simple and peltate trichomes; petioles 1.8–5.6 cm long; petiolules (0.6–) 1.4–3.8 cm long; leaflets (3.2–) 5–16.1 cm long, (1.3–) 2–9.5 cm wide, membranous to chartaceous (sometimes subcoriaceous), discolor or concolor, ovate; apex caudate, mucronate; base cuneate to truncate or subcordate, symmetrical or asymmetrical; margin entire; the abaxial surface pubescent to puberulent throughout (sometimes only on and near the veins), with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes; the adaxial surface pubescent to glabrescent throughout (sometimes only on and near the veins), with simple, peltate and patelliform trichomes; glandular trichomes evenly distributed throughout both surfaces; second venation weak brochidodromous; pocket domatia with (sometimes without) trichomes. Inflorescence axilar, a thyrse, dense, with corymbose, subcorymbose or conical aspect, 3–9.5 cm long; axis densely pubescent to puberulent, with simple and peltate trichomes; bracts of the inflorescence predominantly caducous, densely pubescent to pubescent throughout, 0.5–2.5 mm long; floral bracts 0.4–0.6 mm long; floral pedicels 1–7 mm long. Calyx green to grayish, 1.5–2.2 mm long, 1.4–1.9 mm wide, with transversal aperture, truncate or minutely 5-denticulate, densely pubescent to pubescent throughout outside, without patelliform glands; lobes 0.1–0.2 mm long. Corolla cream or pale yellow, 0.8–1.5 cm long, 3–5 mm wide at the tube opening; tube 3–5 mm long, internally tomentose at the base, with simple and long and short stipitate trichomes; nectar guides present, yellow; lobes densely pubescent to pubescent throughout lower ones and at margins of or throughout upper ones; upper ones 0.4–1.4(–2.9) mm long, 0.7–1.5(–2.4) mm wide, acute to obtuse; lower ones 2.1–4 mm long, 2–3.6 mm wide, obtuse to rounded. Androecium with fertile stamens inserted 1.5–2.5 mm from the base of the corolla; shorter ones 3.5–5.5 mm long; longer ones 4.5–7 mm long; anthers thecae 1.1–1.4 mm long, obovate to elliptic, subexserted; connective extending 0.2–0.3 mm beyond anther attachment; staminode 1.5–2.7 mm long, with long and short stipitate trichomes. Gynoecium 7–9 mm long; ovary 1.3–1.5 mm long, 0.7–0.8 mm wide, conical, velutinous; style 5–7 mm long, tomentose at the base. Fruit not seen. Seeds not seen.

Phenology: —Flowers in August; the fruiting season is unknown.

Distribution and habitat: —Occurs in moist broadleaf forests from Brazil (Amazonas) ( Fig. 5).

14 • Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press

MEDEIROS & LOHMANN TAXONOMIC REVISION OF TYNANTHUS (BIGNONIEAE)

Phytotaxa 216 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 15

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: 2–5 km N of Manaus – Itacoatiara Road at km 79 near Rio Preto da Eva , 100–200 m, 24 November 1974, A. H . Gentry 12849 ( INPA photo, MG, MO). Rio Camanau , 28 June 1987, P . Grenand et al. 2787 ( INPA). Manaus, Campus of INPA , Estrada do Aleixo , 22 November 1974, A. H . Gentry 12792 ( INPA photo); 30 November 1974, A. H . Gentry 13018 ( INPA, MO); Ibid., Transect vouchers, Line 1, 11 December 1974, A. H . Gentry 13181 ( INPA, MO); Estrada do Aleixo near Manaus , km 6–7 past INPA, 2 December 1974, A. H . Gentry 13040 ( INPA photo, MO); Reserva Florestal Ducke, Parcela PPBio ( L03 1000 m), 100 m, 14 December 2010, M. C . Medeiros et al. 21 ( SPF); Ibid., próximo à estação meteorológica, 120 m, 15 December 2010, M. C . Medeiros et al. 22 ( SPF); Ibid., proximidades do refeitório da base da reserva, na beira da estrada, 110 m, 16 December 2010, M. C . Medeiros et al. 25 ( SPF) .

Taxonomic notes: — Tynanthus densiflorus is characterized by interpetiolar patelliform glands and dense inflorescences, with corymbose, subcorymbose or conical aspect ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2014). Tynanthus densiflorus is closely related to T. panurensis and T. pubescens ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2015) . It shares ovate leaflets and an internally tomentose corolla tube at the base with T. panurensis ; however, T. densiflorus is easily identified by the presence of interpetiolar glands (versus absent in T. panurensis ), minute prophylls of the axillary buds (versus foliaceous in T. panurensis ) and dense inflorescences (versus lax in T. panurensis ) ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2014). On the other hand, T. densiflorus shares interpetiolar patelliform glands and similar corolla length with T. pubescens (i.e., 1–1.6 cm in T. pubescens and 0.8–1.5 cm in T. densiflorus ), but differs by the caudate-mucronate leaflet apices (versus acuminate or obtuse-mucronate in T. pubescens ) and dense inflorescences (versus lax in T. pubescens ) ( Medeiros & Lohmann 2014).

Figures

FIGURE 4. Tynanthus densiflorus: A. Flowering branch; B. Detail of lenticels in the oldest portion of branchlet; C. Detail of pubescent indumentum in the youngest portion of branchlet; D–E. Interpetiolar glands; F. Detail of inflorescence axis with bracts; G. Open corolla showing the androecium; H. Open calyx showing the gynoecium; I. Ovary cross section showing ovules (L.C. Procópio 14, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa. Figure from Medeiros & Lohmann (2014).