Ophiomyia antennariae, Eiseman & Lonsdale, 2019

Eiseman, Charles S. & Lonsdale, Owen, 2019, New State and Host Records for Agromyzidae (Diptera) in the United States, with the Description of Ten New Species, Zootaxa 4661 (1), pp. 1-39 : 5-6

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8DF7EC6E-ECF2-4819-979E-0E26BDDC2B21
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A7A4D79-3529-FFAA-14C5-F897FE81F85F
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Ophiomyia antennariae
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Ophiomyia antennariae spec. nov.

( Figs. 3, 4 View FIGURES 1–5 , 35, 36 View FIGURES 34–45 , 77–81 View FIGURES 77–81 )

Holotype. ALABAMA: Colbert Co., Tuscumbia, Cane Creek Canyon Nature Preserve , 7.iv.2013, em. 15.iv– 19.v.2013, C.S. Eiseman, ex Antennaria plantaginifolia , #CSE286, CNC758968 View Materials (1³, CNC).

Paratypes. Same data as holotype, CNC758969–758971 View Materials (2³ 1♀, CNC) .

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the host plant, Antennaria Gaertn.

Host. Asteraceae : Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richardson.

Leaf mine. ( Figs. 35, 36 View FIGURES 34–45 ) Whitish with extensive purplish discoloration or in some cases uniformly purple; probably linear throughout, but partly contorted to form a secondary blotch. Frass is in scattered grains and irregular particles.

Puparium. ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1–5 ) Whitish to dark brown, formed within the leaf blade, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the upper epidermis.

Distribution. USA: AL.

Adult description. Wing length 1.9–2.2 mm (³), 2.5 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein CuA 1 divided by penultimate section: 0.9–1.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 5.6–8.5. First flagellomere small, rounded. Frontal vitta minutely textured. Ocellar triangle and orbital plate slightly shinier than rest of frons; orbital plate narrow, slightly more so between base of setae. In profile, head, including eye, with strong oblique axis. Gena and face strongly projecting anteriorly, gena (in profile) forming an approximate 45° angle apically, but becoming more obtuse basally. Face with strong medial carina with narrow medial bulb that is divided by groove that expands dorsally. Thorax with light pruinosity. Female in poor condition.

Chaetotaxy: Two ors, two ori (posterior ori slightly incurved, anterior ori strongly incurved); male with three ori on one side. Postvertical and ocellar setae subequal to ors, ocellar seta thinner. Male with multiplicated vibrissa forming fasciculus that is very ragged apically, not forming discrete point. Two dorsocentral setae, anterior seta ¾ length. Acrostichal seta absent. Acrostichal setulae in 7–8 rows to level of first dorsocentral. Mid tibia with 0, 1 or 2 posteromedial setae.

Coloration: ( Fig. 3 View FIGURES 1–5 ) Setae black. Body dark brown; wing veins dirty white with brown tint; abdomen with faint green/coppery shine. Calypter margin light brown, hairs dark brown.

Genitalia: ( Figs. 77–81 View FIGURES 77–81 ) Surstylus small, rounded, angled anteroventrally, fused to epandrium, with two distal rows of tubercle-like setae. Hypandrium subtriangular, basal arm sinuate, abruptly angled inwards. Pregonite bandlike, with weaker inner half directed dorsally. Phallophorus narrow, constricted at base, longer and expanded ventrally. Basiphallus plates unified at base, splitting into shorter, very weak and ill-defined left lateral arm and longer right lateral arm that nearly reaches level of mesophallus. Mesophallus cylindrical, pale, inserted ventromedially into distiphallus, which is slightly expanded and more thickly sclerotized at point of insertion. Distiphallus large, in ventral view appearing irregularly ovate with basal section narrower; in lateral view appearing flatter and medially constricted with dorsal mediobasal region clear; dorsum mostly open, slightly enclosed basally; inner surface minutely spinulose along laterobasal walls and more shallowly tuberculate on small ventrodistal hemispheres. Ejaculatory apodeme large, stem with ventrolateral process and dark medial rib that fades onto rounded, pale blade; base dark, expanded towards duct; sperm pump with dark transverse bar.

Comments. Ophiomyia antennariae is highly similar in appearance to O. coniceps (Malloch) , which is also known from Antennaria , and will be identified as such in Spencer & Steyskal (1986) (although a number of couplets along the way are highly problematic). The new species can be differentiated by the faint metallic reflection on the abdomen (absent in O. coniceps ), the apically frayed fasciculus (forming a sharp point in O. coniceps , with apex uncommonly exhibiting a shallow split) and the male genitalia, wherein the surstylus is narrower and rounded, the distiphallus is more broadly ovate in outline (seen ventrally), the inner surface is only minutely spinulose and tuberculate, and the ventrodistal hemispheres are smoother, flatter and without a left lateral process (obvious and sometimes exaggerated in O. coniceps ).

Leaf mines of Ophiomyia antennariae may be confused with those of O. coniceps , which is widespread in North America and likely sympatric. In our experience in Massachusetts, the puparium of O. coniceps is invariably formed in the petiole. The mines from which O. antennariae was reared sometimes involved the petiole and sometimes did not, but the puparia were formed in the leaf blade. Mines from the same collection site with the puparium in the petiole were kept in a separate rearing vial; from these a single female emerged, which Eiseman & Lonsdale (2018) tentatively identified as O. coniceps because it lacked the metallic reflection on the abdomen that characterizes the new species. However, mines of both types collected in Oklahoma yielded only adults of O. coniceps ( Eiseman & Lonsdale 2018) , and we have not identified any other features that might distinguish between mines of the two species.