Nothotragopus Zimmerman

Setliff, Gregory P., 2008, Review of the Indonesian GenusNothotragopusZimmerman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae), The Coleopterists Bulletin (Basel, Switzerland) 62 (2), pp. 203-214 : 203-214

Nothotragopus Zimmerman

Nothotragopus Zimmerman 1994: 656 [description], Zimmerman 1992: 282, pl. 445 [name first used in figure legend for N. tuberosus without further discussion]; Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal 1999: 132 [catalog]. Type species: Tragopus tuberosus Boheman, in Schönherr 1844: 428, by original designation. Type locality: Indonesia: Java [erroneously reported from Australia—see discussion].

Generic diagnosis. Setliff (2008) included Nothotragopus in the crowned weevil generic group based on the presence of a well developed semicircular to subcordate carina on the vertex of the head ( Fig. 1 ). This character distinguishes Nothotragopus from all other weevil genera except other genera of the crowned weevil group (viz. Asytesta Pascoe , Panopides Pascoe , and Cyamomistus Heller ). The circular, prostrate dorsal scales of Nothotragopus further separate it from these genera. Additionally, Nothotragopus differs from its closest related genus, Panopides , by its comparatively shallow elytral punctures. The punctures of the pronotal disk are also shallower and almost entirely obscured by densely distributed squamae. Elytral striae 10 in Nothotragopus are restricted to the basal one-third of the elytra. The basal pronotal margin is more or less truncate, with a well developed longitudinal carina on the disk passing the midline. The scutellum is subquadrate to circular, strongly protruding, and smaller than the punctures at the base of the elytra. The mesepisternum is comparatively reduced and the legs are more robust and much shorter. In contrast, Panopides has very large and deep dorsal punctures or fovea, its vestiture is comprised primarily of elliptical scales, and the tenth elytral striae are traceable almost to the elytral apex. The legs of Panopides are much longer and more gracile. The scutellum is larger than the adjacent elytral punctures, is ovate in shape, at least 1 K times wider than long, and does not strongly protrude. The mesepisternum is nearly two times larger. The longitudinal median carina on the pronotal disk is restricted to the anterior margin or is obsolete, and the middle of the basal pronotal margin is produced posteriad (see Setliff 2008).

Nothotragopus species are superficially similar to Javanese species of Tragopus Schönherr (viz. T. asper Boheman ) and Cyamobolus Schönherr as is evident from the nomenclature of the genus. However, as mentioned above, these genera do not have a circular carina on the vertex of the head. Furthermore, unlike members of Nothotragopus , species of Tragopus lack a scutellum and have a strongly protruding and deeply cavernous mesosternal receptacle.

Additional generic characters. Zimmerman (1994) provides a detailed description of Nothotragopus and redescription of its type species. This information is not repeated here, however, the following new characters are added for the adult habitus ( Figs. 1–13 ), female terminalia ( Figs. 15–25 ), and male terminalia ( Figs. 26–31 ).

Adult habitus. Dorsal vestiture comprised of densely distributed, prostrate, circular scales and long, semierect scales originating from granules on elytral intervals; structure of circular scales complex, in two of three known species these 206 scales are flocculent, closely appressed, forming dense mats of squamae. Glabrate patchy area always on median basal portion of elytra, variously patchy elsewhere on pronotum and elytra. Males and females with elytro-tergal stridulatory apparatus (type 1 of Lyal and King 1996); tergite VII ( Fig. 26 ) with 6–9 pairs of plectral tubercles arranged on pair of glabrous longitudinal rows and underside of elytra with small anteapical file. Female terminalia. Tergite VII longer than broad; plectrum not reaching posterior margin; anterior and posterior margins broadly convex. Tergite VIII longer than broad, apex variable, truncate to emarginated, margin smooth to crenulate ( Figs. 16 , 20 , 24 ). Sternite VIII with oval apical plate more than half as long as its apodeme; apically set with long, erect setae ( Figs. 17 , 21 , 25 ). Hemisternites of ovipositor slender, with styli elongate, subcylindrical ( Figs. 15 , 19 , 23 ). Walls of vagina well sclerotized near junction with oviduct, internally with elongate, flat, elliptical sclerite subequal in length to hemisternites. Male habitus ( Figs. 8–9 , 13 ). Males like females except rostrum coarsely punctate to apex, apex more depressed and broad, suprascrobal carinae well developed laterally, with rugose medial ridge extending from base of rostrum to antennal insertions, with an erect triangular granule of variable size on medial subbasal portion of rostrum ( Figs. 1 , 13 ). Antennae inserted more distad on rostrum. Protibia with ventral margin lined with moderately long, erect hair-like setae. Intercoxal process of ventrite 1 with shallow, circular depression. Male terminalia. Tergite VII broader than long; plectral rows reaching posterior margin; posterior margin weakly emarginated at middle ( Fig. 26 ). Sternite VIII with row of minute setae near attachment with tergite VIII ( Fig. 27 ). Tegmen with parameres undeveloped; apodeme longer than width of tegminal ring ( Fig. 28 ). Aedeagal body one-fourth as long as its apodemes, curved, with sides and apex evenly rounded; apodemes and body united. Endophallus with pair of long apodeme-like basal sclerites ( Figs. 29–30 ). Spiculum gastrale with apodeme subequal in length to aedeagal apodemes; apical arms broad and more or less symmetrical ( Fig. 31 ).

Placement. Zimmerman (1994) included Nothotragopus in Cryptorhynchini but made no mention of subtribal placement. Alonso-Zarazaga and Lyal (1999) included the genus in the subtribe Tylodina . Setliff (2008) transferred the genus to the subtribe Cryptorhynchina to include it in the crowned weevil generic group. 208 Distribution. Indonesia (Java). The discovery of N. tuberosus and its congeners from Java and the absence of any further specimens reported from Australia suggest that the holotype of N. tuberosus is mislabeled. The genus appears to be restricted to Java, however, specimens are rare in collections and additional material collected from adjacent islands may prove otherwise.

Figures

Fig. 1. Detail of male head and rostrum of Nothotragopus species (putative male of N. zimmermani), frontal view showing crown on vertex.

Figs. 2–5. Nothotragopus species, adult habitus. 2) N. tuberosus female, lateral view; 3) same, dorsal view; 4) N. tragopoides, female, lateral view; 5) same, dorsal view.

Figs. 6–9. Nothotragopus species, adult habitus. 6) N. zimmermani new species, female lateral view; 7) same, dorsal view; 8) putative male of N. zimmermani, lateral view; 9) same, dorsal view.

Figs. 10–13. Nothotragopus species, detail of head and rostrum, lateral view. 10) N. tuberosus female; 11) N. tragopoides, female; 12) N. zimmermani new species, female; 13) putative male of N. zimmermani.

Figs. 14–17. Female terminalia of Nothotragopus tuberosus. 14) spermatheca, lateral view; 15) hemisternites, dorsal view; 16) tergite VIII, dorsal view; 17) sternite VIII, ventral view. Left scale line for Figs. 14–16 5 0.5 mm; right scale line for Fig. 17 5 1.0 mm.

Figs. 18–21. Female terminalia of Nothotragopus tragopoides. 18) spermatheca, lateral view; 19) hemisternites, dorsal view; 20) tergite VIII, dorsal view; 21) sternite VIII, ventral view. Left scale line for Figs. 18–20 5 0.5 mm; right scale line for Fig. 21 5 1.0 mm.

Figs. 22–25. Female terminalia of Nothotragopus zimmermani new species. 22) spermatheca, lateral view; 23) hemisternites, dorsal view; 24) tergite VIII, dorsal view; 25) sternite VIII, ventral view. Left scale line for Figs. 22–24 5 0.5 mm; right scale line for Fig. 25 5 1.0 mm.

Figs. 26–31. Male terminalia of Nothotragopus species (putative male of N. zimmermani). 26) tergite VII, dorsal view; 27) tergite VIII and sternite VIII, ventral view; 28) tegmen, ventral view; 29) aedeagus, lateral view; 30) aedeagus, ventral view; 31) spiculum gastrale, ventral view. Scale line 5 1.0 mm.