Meganannus, Weirauch & Whorrall & Knyshov & Hoey-Chamberlain, 2018

Weirauch, Christiane, Whorrall, Kyle, Knyshov, Alexander & Hoey-Chamberlain, Rochelle, 2018, Giant among dwarfs: Meganannus lewisi, gen. n. and sp. n., a new genus and species of minute litter bugs from Costa Rica (Hemiptera: Schizopteridae), Zootaxa 4370 (2), pp. 156-170 : 159-163

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4370.2.4
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:38F5AF0E-915D-41C0-BAC7-A8D2711BA4FD
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5984576
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0D0B8EE-AE09-4653-9803-05501E3A5CD5
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0D0B8EE-AE09-4653-9803-05501E3A5CD5
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Meganannus
status	gen. nov.

Treatment

Meganannus View in CoL gen. n.

HTTP://ZOObANK.ORG/NOMENCLATURALACTS/D0D0B8EE-AE09-4653-9803-05501E3A5CD5 FIGURES 2–10 View FIGURE2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10

TypE spEciEs. Meganannus lewisi sp. n.

Diagnosis. DISTINGUISHED AMONG SCHIZOPTERIDAE bY THE LARGE bODY SIZE (~2.2MM), EYES AbOUT 1/3 AS WIDE AS SYNTHLIPSIS ( FIG. 3A View FIGURE 3 ), LAbIUM SHORT , NOT SURPASSING MIDDLE COXA ( FIG. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) AND FOUR-SEGMENTED ( FIG. 5A View FIGURE 5 ), FOREWING WITH 3 CLOSED SUbMARGINAL CELLS ( FIG. 3E View FIGURE 3 ; CELLS DELIMITED bY R AND M, M AND CU, AND CU AND 1AN), SUbCOSTAL CELL (DELIMITED bY C+SC AND R/R+M) LONG AND NARROW, WITH bASAL THREE QUARTERS OF C+SC MARGIN WIDENED AND THICKENED AND DISTAL QUARTER NARROW, TRANSITION bETWEEN THE TWO SECTIONS MARKED bY NOTCH IN THE WING MARGIN AND PALE COLOR PATCH, TRAPEZOIDAL CELL WITH FIVE EMANATING VEINS, 1AN REACHING MARGIN OF WING, TARSAL FORMULA IN MALES 3-3-3, OVIPOSITOR WELL DEVELOPED.

Description. Male: MACROPTEROUS, WITH bOTH PAIRS OF WINGS SURPASSING TIP OF AbDOMEN, ELONGATE OVOID, LARGE (~2.2MM). Coloration ( FIG. 2A–C View FIGURE2 ). HEAD DARK bROWN WITH RED EYES, YELLOWISH LAbIUM, YELLOWISH SCAPE AND PEDICEL AND LIGHT bROWN FLAGELLOMERES, THORAX AND AbDOMEN DARK bROWN, FOREWING WITH PATTERN OF DARK AND LIGHT YELLOWISH bROWN; LEGS YELLOWISH. Surface and Vestiture. HEAD EXCEPT CLYPEUS, bUCCULA, LAbRUM, LAbIUM, AND ANTENNA ( FIGS 3A View FIGURE 3 , 5A View FIGURE 5 ) AND THORAX ( FIGS 3C View FIGURE 3 , 5G View FIGURE 5 ) WITH DENSE COVER OF MICROTRICHIA AND EVENLY SPACED, FAIRLY SHORT, CURVED SETAE; LAbIUM, SCAPE AND PEDICEL, AND LEGS GLAbROUS WITH LONG, STOUT SETAE ( FIG. 5A, B View FIGURE 5 ); FLAGELLOMERES WITH VERY LONG SETAE ( FIG. 2A View FIGURE2 ); FORETIbIA WITH 2–3 STOUT AND LONG SPINE-LIKE SETAE ON POSTERIOR MARGIN; HIND TARSUS WITH ROW OF SLENDER, ERECT, CAPITATE SETAE ON POSTEROLATERAL SURFACE ( FIG. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); FOREWING VEINS WITH SHORT, CURVED SETAE ( FIG. 3C, D View FIGURE 3 ); VENTRAL SURFACE OF AbDOMEN DENSELY COVERED WITH MIX OF SHORT AND LONGER SETAE ( FIG. 6H View FIGURE 6 ). Structure. Head: ALMOST TRIANGULAR IN FRONTAL VIEW ( FIG. 3A View FIGURE 3 ), SYNTHLIPSIS AbOUT 3 TIMES AS WIDE AS EYE, EYE SMALL, SEMICIRCULAR IN FRONTAL VIEW, ALMOST CIRCULAR IN LATERAL VIEW; bUCCULA FORMING RING AROUND bASE OF LAbIUM, MAXILLARY PLATE DISTINCT AND COVERED WITH MICROTRICHIA, MANDIbULAR PLATE NOT IDENTIFIAbLE, CLYPEUS SLENDER ( FIG. 5A View FIGURE 5 ), ONLY SLIGHTLY RAISED AbOVE LEVEL OF GENA ( FIG. 5B View FIGURE 5 ); LAbIUM REACHING MID COXA, FIRST SEGMENT bULbOUS ( FIG. 5A View FIGURE 5 ), SECOND SEGMENT SLENDER, THIRD AND FOURTH SEGMENTS TAPERING, TOGETHER AbOUT AS LONG AS SECOND SEGMENT ( FIG. 5A View FIGURE 5 ); ANTENNA WITH SHORT SCAPE AND PEDICEL AND LONG FLAGELLOMERES ( FIG. 2A, B View FIGURE2 ). Thorax: WITH PRONOTUM AbOUT HALF AS LONG AS WIDE, LATERAL MARGIN CONVEX, HUMERAL ANGLE ROUNDED, POSTERIOR MARGIN IN DORSAL VIEW SLOPING TO LATERAL MARGIN OF SCUTELLUM AND WITH SLIGHTLY INDENTED MEDIAN PART bORDERING SCUTELLUM, PRONOTAL COLLAR bROAD ( FIG. 2A View FIGURE2 ), PRONOTUM IN LATERAL VIEW SINUOUS ( FIG 2C View FIGURE2 ), METATHORAX WITHOUT ObVIOUS GLAND EVAPORATORY STRUCTURES, METEPIMERAL SUPRACOXAL LObE ROUNDED. Legs: LONG AND SLENDER, FORE TIbIA ONLY SLIGHTLY EXPANDED AT APEX ( FIG. 5B View FIGURE 5 ), TIbIAL COMb PRESENT, TARSAL FORMULA 3-3- 3 ( FIG. 5C, E, H View FIGURE 5 ), WITH FORE- AND MIDTARSUS SHORT AND INCRASSATE ( FIG. 5E View FIGURE 5 ), HINDTARSUS SLENDER ( FIG. 5H View FIGURE 5 ), FIRST TARSOMERE VERY SHORT, SECOND AND THIRD SUbEQUAL ( FIG. 5E, H View FIGURE 5 ), PRETARSUS WITH AROLIUM ON FORE- AND MIDLEG ( FIG. 5D View FIGURE 5 ), WITH DORSAL SCLERITE AND VENTRAL MEMbRANOUS LObE; VENTRAL CLAW SURFACE WITH ROW OF STRONG, POINTED PROCESSES ( FIG. 5F View FIGURE 5 ), SIMILAR TO SITUATION IN Carinatala ( HILL 2015). Forewing: FOREWING WITH 3 CLOSED SUbMARGINAL CELLS ( FIG. 2 View FIGURE2 ; CELLS DELIMITED bY R AND M, M AND CU, CU AND 1AN), SUbCOSTAL CELL DELIMITED bY C+SC AND R/R+M LONG AND NARROW, WITH bASAL THREE QUARTES OF C+SC MARGIN WIDENED AND THICKENED AND DISTAL QUARTER NARROW, TRANSITION bETWEEN THE TWO SECTIONS MARKED bY NOTCH IN WING MARGIN ( FIG. 3E View FIGURE 3 ), R DISTINCTLY RAISED PROXIMALLY TO LEVEL OF NOTCH, bASAL CELL NARROW AND ELONGATE, AbOUT TWICE AS LONG AS TRAPEZOIDAL CELL, TRAPEZOIDAL CELL WITH FIVE EMANATING VEINS, RADIAL CELL SLIGHTLY WIDER AND SHORTER THAN DISCAL CELL, DISCAL CELL SLIGHTLY EXPANDED DISTALLY, CUbITAL CELL LARGE, LONG, AND CURVED, 1AN REACHING MARGIN OF WING, CORIUM (I.E. AREA SLIGHTLY MORE HEAVILY SCLEROTIZED COMPARED TO THE DISTAL MEMbRANOUS PART OF THE WING) RESTRICTED TO WIDENED AND RAISED PROXIMAL PARTS OF C+SC, R+M, CU, 1AN AND 2AN, REMAINDER OF FOREWING MEMbRANOUS. Abdomen and genitalia: PREGENITAL AbDOMEN FAIRLY SYMMETRICAL EXCEPT ENLARGED RIGHT SIDE OF STERNITES 2+3 AND SEGMENT 4 WITH POUCH-LIKE MODIFICATION ON RIGHT SIDE OF SEGMENT ( FIGS 6H View FIGURE 6 , 9A View FIGURE 9 ); SPIRACLES LOCATED ON STERNITES 6 AND 7 ( FIG. 9A View FIGURE 9 ), AND ON LATERAL PROjECTIONS OF TERGITE 8 ( FIGS 7E View FIGURE 7 , 9A View FIGURE 9 ); SCARS OF DORSAL AbDOMINAL GLANDS PRESENT ON TERGITE 7; STERNITE 7 LARGE ( FIG. 4B View FIGURE 4 ); TERGITE 8 WITH LONG APPENDAGE ( FIGS 6B, C, E, F,H View FIGURE 6 , 7E View FIGURE 7 , 8A, D View FIGURE8 ); AEDEAGUS ( FIG. 8C View FIGURE8 ) WITH bASAL PLATES, COMPLEX MIDDLE PORTION WITH LARGE HEAVILY SCLEROTIZED CONjUNCTIVAL APPENDAGE ( FIGS 6B View FIGURE 6 , 8A, 8C View FIGURE8 ), AND LONG, THIN VESICA WITH 8 TO 9 COILS ( FIGS 6I View FIGURE 6 , 8A View FIGURE8 ), RIGHT PARAMERE ELONGATE, SLENDER, AND SINUOUS ( FIGS 6E, G View FIGURE 6 , 7B View FIGURE 7 ), LEFT PARAMERE AbOUT HALF AS LONG AS WIDE WITH TAPERING PROCESS ( FIG. 7C View FIGURE 7 ); ANOPHORIC PROCESS LONG AND RELATIVELY WIDE, ORIENTED ANTERIAD, WITH SEVERAL RIDGES AND FOLDS ( FIGS 6A, H View FIGURE 6 , 8A, B View FIGURE8 ).

Female. SIMILAR TO MALE IN COLORATION, SURFACE AND VESTITURE, SLIGHTLY LARGER THAN MALE (~2.3–2.5MM), TARSAL FORMULA 2-2-3, AROLIA AbSENT ON FORE- AND MIDTARSI, FORE- AND MIDTARSI SOMEWHAT MORE SLENDER THAN IN MALE, DISTINCTLY STOUTER AND SHORTER THAN HINDTARSUS. Genitalia: OVIPOSITOR FORMED bY INTERLOCKED GONAPOPHYSES 8 AND 9, AND STYLOIDS; GONAPOPHYSIS 8 WITH SEVERAL SPINE-LIKE SETAE ( FIGS 7A View FIGURE 7 , 9B, C View FIGURE 9 ), GONAPOPHYSIS 9 VERY SLENDER WITH WIDENED APEX; STYLOIDS REPRESENTED bY FOUR SCLERITES MEDIAN TO GONAPOPHYSIS 8 IN FIG. 9B View FIGURE 9 ; SPERMATHECAL GLAND SPHERICAL; SPERMATHECAL GLAND DUCT STRAIGHT; SPERMATHECAL RESERVOIR ELONGATE; SPERMATHECAL DUCT VERY LONG AND COILED ( FIG. 9B, C View FIGURE 9 ).

Etymology. “MEGA” FROM MÉGAS (GREEK) MEANING GREAT OR LARGE, AND “NANNUS” AFTER THE GREEK KING OF THE SAME NAME (NANNUS) AND RESEMbLING NâNOS MEANING “DWARF” (GREEK). THE GENDER IS MASCULINE.

Distribution. KNOWN FROM COSTA RICA AND PERU.

Notes. IN ADDITION TO THE SPECIES FROM COSTA RICA DESCRIbED bELOW, WE HAVE RECOVERED ONE FEMALE SPECIMEN FROM PERU FROM SWEEP SAMPLES HELD IN THE HERATY LAb AT UCR ( PERU: MADRE DE DIOS: LOS AMIGOS BIOL. STA. TRAIL 13 , 12.57138°S 70.09616°W, 226 m, 27 Dec 2010, J. Heraty, 1♀; UCR _ ENT 00077887 About ENT ). Based on difference in COLOR PATTERN OF FEMALES FROM COSTA RICA AND THE SINGLETON FEMALE FROM PERU ( FIG. 2 View FIGURE2 ; ALSO PARTIALLY DUE TO THE FACT THAT SPECIMENS WERE IMAGED DRY OR IN ETHANOL, RESPECTIVELY) AS WELL AS THE GEOGRAPHIC DISTANCES bETWEEN THE COLLECTING LOCALITIES, WE SUSPECT THAT THESE FEMALES MAY REPRESENT DIFFERENT SPECIES. GIVEN THE IMPORTANCE OF MALE GENITALIC CHARACTERS FOR SPECIES DIAGNOSIS AND IDENTIFICATION IN MOST SCHIZOPTERIDAE , WE REFRAIN FROM DESCRIbING THE SINGLE FEMALE SPECIMENS FROM PERU GoogleMaps .