Aysenoides simoi, Laborda, Álvaro, Ramírez, Martín J. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2013

Laborda, Álvaro, Ramírez, Martín J. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2013, New species of the spider genera Aysenia and Aysenoides from Chile and Argentina: description and phylogenetic relationships (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Amaurobioidinae), Zootaxa 3731 (1), pp. 133-152 : 142-145

Aysenoides simoi new species

Figs 6–8

Type material. Male holotype from Chile, Araucanía Region (IX), Malleco Province, Nahuelbuta National Park, S 37º47’, W 73º00’, elev. 1200 m, 12 Feb 2005, J.E. Barriga T., fogging Nothofagus dombeyi . Female paratype from Chile, Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region (VI), Curicó Province, 20 km Potrero Grande, El Relvo, S 35º11.14’, W 70º56.1’, elev. 1100 m, 8 May 2004, J.E. Barriga T., fogging Nothofagus dombeyi (temporary preparations AJL-12 to 14, 18 to 20; MAI-5), deposited in MNHN. Same data as holotype, male paratype MACN- Etymology. The specific name is a patronym in honor of Miguel Simó, a Uruguayan arachnologist mentor of Álvaro Laborda.

Diagnosis. Males can be easily recognized from other Aysenoides species by the shape of the copulatory bulb, with a conspicuous paramedian apophysis with two contiguous cusps ( Figs. 6 c, d; 8); females differ by having two posterior central pouches with openings directed laterally in the epigyne ( Figs 7 c, d).

Description. Male (holotype): Prosoma length 1.83, width 1.10, narrowed in front ( Fig. 6 a). Tibia/metatarsus length: I, 1.80/1.57; II, 1.30/1.03; III, 0.73/0.83; IV, 1.20/1.07. Chelicerae less robust than those of female, with three or four teeth on retromargin, three on promargin. Sternum length 1.00, width 0.67. Spines: leg I, femur d 1-1- 1, p d2ap, r 0-1-0; tibia v 2-2 -2 (the x-p 1-x displaced to prolateral), p 1-1-1 or 1-0-1(1bas displaced to ventral); metatarsus v 2 bas, p 0-d1-0. II, femur = I; tibia v r1-2-2, p d1-d1-1; metatarsus v 2 bas, p d1-d1-0-1 or 0-d1-0- 1. III, femur d 1-1-1, p d1ap; tibia v 0-p1-2, r 0- d1-d1, p d1-d1-d1; metatarsus v 2 -p1-2, p 0-1-1; r 0-1-0; d 0-1-0. IV, femur = III; tibia v p1-p1-2, r 0-1-1; metatarsus v 2 -p1-2, p 0-1-1, r d1-0-d1; d 0-p1-2. Third legs directed forward.

Opisthosoma length 2.67, spiracle–epigastrium 1.30, spiracle–spinnerets 0.23. Color in ethanol ( Fig. 6 a, b): Prosoma reddish-brown, paler on dorsal region. Ocular region dark, chelicerae reddish-brown. Sternum and labium light brown, gnathocoxae paler. Legs yellowish to cream. Opisthosoma with dorsal pattern of cream to yellow chevrons on dark brown background, sides dark brown with cream longitudinal band. Venter dark brown. Palp ( Figs. 6 c, d; 8a–c): Palp: tibia long, width/length 0.62, RTA long, acute. Cymbium relatively small, cymbial conductor wide. Sperm duct with two conspicuous loops at apical margin. Embolus with basal process short, hyaline. Median apophysis hyaline, slender, hook shaped. Primary conductor thin, hyaline. Secondary conductor triangular, with acute apex and membranous ventral area. Paramedian apophysis with two cusps, long heavily sclerotized, protruding over retrolateral border of cymbium in ventral view.

Female (paratype): Prosoma length 2.17, width 1.20, narrowed in front ( Fig. 7 a). Length of tibia/metatarsus: I, 1.10/1.03; II, 0.97/0.90; III, 0.63/0.70; IV, 1.10/0.87. Chelicerae strong, three teeth on retromargin, three on promargin. Length of sternum 1.10, with 0.70. Spines: leg I, femur d 1-1-1, p d2ap; tibia v 2-2 -2 (the x-p 1-x slightly displaced to prolateral) p 1bas (displaced to ventral); metatarsus v 2 bas. II, femur d 1-1-1, p d1ap; tibia v r1-2-2 (x-p 1-x less developed), p 1ap; metatarsus v 2 bas. III, femur = II; tibia v 0-2-r1 or 0-p1-r1, p 1-1-0, r 1-1-0; metatarsus v 2 -0-2, p 0-d1-1, r 0-d1-1, d 2ap. IV, femur d 1-1-1; tibia v p1-p1-2; metatarsus v 2 -p1-2, p 2ap, r d1- d1-d1. Third legs directed forward. Opisthosoma length 2.33, spiracle-epigastrium 1.00, spiracle–spinnerets 0.17. Color in ethanol ( Fig. 7 a, b): as in male. Epigyne: Flat, slightly sclerotized, limits between lateral lobes and median field unclear. Two posterior, central pouches with openings directed laterally ( Fig. 7 d). Spermathecae spherical, accessory bulbs voluminous, contiguous ( Fig. 7 c).

Variability. Spines in males: Tibia I p 2-0-1, p 2-1-1, r 1bas, r 1-0-1. Tibia II v r1-2-2 (x-p 1-x less developed), v 2-2 -2 (p1-x-x and x-p 1-x less developed), r 1ap. Tibia III v 0-2-2, v p1-2-r1, r d1- d1-d1. Tibia IV v p1-2-2 (x-r 1- x less developed). Metatarsus I p 0-d1-d1. Metatarsus II r 0-1-0. Metatarsus III v 2 -0-2, p 0-1-2, r 0-1-2. Metatarsus IV r d1-d1-d1, d 2ap. Spines in females: Tibia II v r1-r1-2, p 1-0-1. Metatarsus IV v 2 -p1-p1, r 2ap, r d1ap.

Natural history. Some specimens were collected fogging the canopy of Nothofagus dombeyi .

Distribution. Known only from a few localities from Cautín and Curicó provinces in Chile and Neuquén province in Argentina.

Other material examined. ARGENTINA: Neuquén: Nahuel Huapi National Park, Isla Victoria, [probably Apr 1945], leg. Havrylenko, 2 females and 2 immatures (MLP). CHILE: Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region (VII), Curicó Province: Las Tablas, East of Curicó, Feb 1985, L. E. Peña, 3 males (AMNH). Araucanía Region (IX), Cautín Province: 15–30 km S Cherquenco, 26 Feb 1989, L. E. Peña, 2 males (AMNH). Malleco Province: Malalcahuello, Way to Lonquimay, elev. 1236 m, S38º26.377’ W71º30.540’, 19 Jan 2007, 15ºC, fogging Nothofagus dombeyi 35m, 09:47AM, Arias et al. Berkeley, 1 female (CASENT 9039001).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Aysenoides simoi new species. a, b male (MACN-Ar 30294) (a dorsal habitus; b ventral habitus) c, d male holotype (c left palp, ventral view; d same, retrolateral view).

FIGURE 7. Aysenoides simoi new species. a – d female paratype (a dorsal habitus; b ventral habitus c cleared vulva, dorsal view; d epigyne, ventral view).

FIGURE 8. Aysenoides simoi new species, (MACN-Ar 30294) Scanning electron microscope. a left male copulatory bulb, ventral view; b same, retrolateral view; c same, apical view; d same, prolateral view.