Anagrus (Anagrus) rugmanjonesi Triapitsyn & Adachi-Hagimori

V. Triapitsyn, Serguei, Adachi-Hagimori, Tetsuya, F. Rugman-Jones, Paul, Barry, Adema, Abe, Aoba, Matsuo, Kazunori & Ohno, Kazuro, 2019, Egg parasitoids of the tea green leafhopper Empoascaonukii (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in Japan, with description of a new species of Anagrus (Hymenoptera, Mymaridae), ZooKeys 836, pp. 93-112 : 97-98

Anagrus (Anagrus) rugmanjonesi Triapitsyn & Adachi-Hagimori sp. n. Figures 2, 3, 4, 5

? Anagrus sp.: Takagi 1978: 101-102 (egg parasitoid of tea green leafhopper and its population dynamics in Japan).

Mymaridae sp. A (resembling Anagrus ): Ojima et al. 2010: 38-41 (egg parasitoid of tea green leafhopper and its population dynamics in Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island, Japan), 43-44 (photographs).

Type material.

Holotype female, deposited in BLKU, on slide (Fig. 2b) labeled: 1. "JAPAN: Miyazaki Prefecture (Kyushu I.), Miyazaki City, Takaoka Takaoka5 field, parasitized eggs of Empoasca onukii Matsuda collected 17.x.2017, parasitoids emerged 28.x.2017, A. Barry. On tea, Camellia sinensis . Vial #75"; 2. "Mounted by V. V. Berezovskiy 2018 in Canada balsam"; 3. [magenta] " Anagrus (Anagrus) rugmanjonesi Triapitsyn & Adachi-Hagimori HOLOTYPE ♀"; 4. "Det. by S. V. Triapitsyn 2018"; 5. [barcode database label/unique identifier] " UCRC [bold] UCRC_ENT 00504791". The holotype (Fig. 3a) is in good condition, complete.

Paratypes. JAPAN, Kyushu Island, Miyazaki Prefecture (from parasitized eggs of E. onukii on tea plant, Camellia sinensis ): Miyazaki City, Takaoka: Takaoka 4 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 26.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #18) [1 female on point, BLKU (UCRC_ENT 00504790) and 1 female on slide, UCRC (molecular voucher PR18-238, UCRC_ENT 00506187)]; Takaoka 5 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 26.x.2017, A. Barry (vial #73) [1 female on point, UCRC (UCRC_ENT 00504789)]; Takaoka 5 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 31.x.2017, A. Barry (vial #71) [1 male on point, UCRC (UCRC_ENT 00504788)]; Takaoka 6 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 24.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #11) [1 female on slide, BLKU (UCRC_ENT 00506185)]; Takaoka 6 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 25.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #12) [1 male on slide, BLKU (UCRC_ENT 00506184)]. Nobeoka City, Kitakata, Kita 1 field: collected 20.x.2017, emerged 27.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #32) [1 female on slide, UCRC (molecular voucher PR18-239, UCRC_ENT 00506188)]; collected 20.x.2017, emerged 26.x.2017, A. Barry (vial #38) [1 female on slide, UCRC (UCRC_ENT 00506186)]; collected 20.x.2017, emerged 27.x.2017, A. Barry (vial #37) [1 male on slide, UCRC (UCRC_ENT 00506183)].

Other (non-type) material examined.

JAPAN, Kyushu Island, Miyazaki Prefecture (from parasitized eggs of E. onukii on tea plant, Camellia sinensis ): Miyazaki City, Takaoka: Takaoka 4 field, collected 10.x.2017, emerged 12.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #15) [1 female in ethanol, UCRC]; Takaoka 4 field, collected 10.x.2017, emerged 19.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #17) [1 male in ethanol, UCRC]; Takaoka 4 field, collected 17.x.2017, emerged 26.x.2017, A. Abe (vial #16) [1 male in ethanol, UCRC]; Takaoka 5 field, collected 25.x.2017, emerged 31.x.2017, A. Barry (vial #72) [1 male, destroyed for DNA extraction, PR18-486]. Nobeoka City, Kitakata, Kita 1 field, collected 20.x.2017, emerged 1.xi.2017, A. Abe (vial #34) [1 female in ethanol, UCRC].

Diagnosis.

The new species is a member of the incarnatus species group of the Anagrus (Anagrus) as defined by Chiappini et al. (1996), and its A. incarnatus species complex, studied by Triapitsyn et al. (2018). Female antenna (Fig. 3b) with F2 not the longest funicular segment (usually F4 is or, sometimes, F6); mps on F4 (1), F5 (1 or 2), F6 (2), and clava (5); midlobe of mesoscutum without adnotaular setae (Figs 4d, 5b); fore wing disc sometimes with a distinct, but small subapical bare area (Fig. 4b) but often this bare area is either somewhat indistinct (Fig. 4a) or absent (Fig. 4c); ovipositor 2.3 –2.5× length of protibia.

Morphologically, A. rugmanjonesi is most similar to the Palaearctic species A. turpanicus , to which its female specimens with a more or less distinct bare area on the fore wing disc key in Li et al. (2018). Both taxa have F2 of the female antenna not the longest funicular segment whereas in the other members of the A. incarnatus species complex it is the longest one ( Triapitsyn 2015; Hu and Triapitsyn 2016; Triapitsyn et al. 2018). In A. turpanicus , however, the mesosoma is mostly yellowish brown except anterior half or so of mesoscutum is brown and frenum is yellowish white ( Hu and Triapitsyn 2016), whereas in A. rugmanjonesi the scutellum and mesosoma (laterally, except the pronotum) are contrastingly white (Fig. 2a). Also, in A. rugmangonesi the clava is at most as long as the combined length of F5 and F6 whereas it is always longer than that in A. turpanicus . The fact that the two species also substantially differ genetically (Fig. 7) provides a good justification for their differentiation as two separate entities. In Li et al. (2018), those specimens of A. rugmanjonesi that lack a more or less distinct bare area on the fore wing disc key to Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang & Wang, a well-known egg parasitoid of rice planthoppers ( Hemiptera , Delphacidae ) and leafhoppers in Asia. The latter taxon was recently synonymized under Anagrus incarnatus , and F2 of its female antenna is always the longest funicular segment ( Triapitsyn et al. 2018). A key to females of the Japanese species of Anagrus is provided below, as the previous key by Sahad and Hirashima (1984) is outdated.

Description.

Female (holotype and paratypes). Body length of dry-mounted, critical point-dried paratypes 400-460 µm, and of the slide-mounted paratypes 560-590 µm. Body (Figs 2a, 3a) mostly brown to dark brown except face, gena, and propodeum light brown and scutellum and mesosoma laterally (except pronotum) white; posterior half or so of mesoscutum and apex of gaster often light brown to off-white; scape, pedicel and F1 pale to light brown, remaining funicular segments light brown, and clava brown; legs mostly pale to light brown, wings hyaline. Antenna (Fig. 3b) with scape 2.9 –3.8× as long as wide, with cross-ridges, 1.9 –2.2× length of pedicel; F1 a little longer than wide, about half of pedicel length; F2 at least slightly shorter than following funicular segments, F4 usually the longest funicular segment (except sometimes F6 the longest); mps on F4 (1); F5 (1 or 2), and F6 (2); clava with 5 mps, 2.8 –3.3× as long as wide, either as long as combined length of F5 and F 6 or slightly shorter. Midlobe of mesoscutum without adnotaular setae (Fig. 4d). Fore wing (Fig. 4 a–c) 7.0 –8.0× as long as wide, longest marginal seta 2.6 –2.9× maximum wing width; distal macrochaeta 1.6 –1.7× length of proximal macrochaeta; disc with several rows of setae in addition to admarginal rows of setae (1 complete row originating behind apex of venation and 3 or 4 irregular rows in the broadest part of disc), sometimes leaving a distinct, but small subapical bare area at posterior margin (Fig. 4b) but often this bare area either somewhat indistinct (Fig. 4a) or absent (Fig. 4c). Hind wing (Fig. 4a) 22 –24× as long as wide, longest marginal seta 6.0 –7.0× maximum wing width; disc mostly bare except for an incomplete row of setae along anterior margin and a compete row of setae along posterior margin. Ovipositor (Fig. 3c) extending anteriorly almost to mesophragma in slide-mounted specimens and exserted a little beyond apex of gaster posteriorly (by 0.12 –0.15× total ovipositor length). Second valvifers (= external plates of ovipositor), e.g., Chiappini et al. (1996), each with 3 setae (Fig. 3c). Ovipositor 2.3 –2.5× length of protibia (2.35 × in the holotype).

Measurements (µm) of the holotype (as length or length: width). Body: 535; mesosoma 190; gaster 264; ovipositor 245. Antenna: scape 70; pedicel 36; F1 18; F2 42; F3 45; F4 52; F5 45; F6 48; clava 97. Fore wing 511: 64; longest marginal seta 173. Hind wing 476: 21; longest marginal seta 127.

Male (paratypes). Body length of the slide-mounted paratypes 560-585 mm. Body color mostly as in female except entire flagellum brown. Antenna (Fig. 5a) with scape 2.4 –2.7× as long as wide, F1 at least a little shorter than following flagellomeres. Fore wing 7.2 –7.6× as long as wide, with or without (Fig. 5d) a more or less bare area in the broadest part. Genitalia (Fig. 5c) length 124-127 µm.

Etymology.

This new species is named by the first author in honor of his colleague and one of the co-authors of this communication, Paul F. Rugman-Jones, whose contributions towards determination of the identities of the nominal taxa within the Anagrus incarnatus species complex using molecular methods and genetic analyses have been invaluable.

Distribution.

Palaearctic region: Japan.

Host.

Cicadellidae : Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda.

Biology.

In eggs of E. onukii on tea plants, A. rugmanjonesi was observed to develop as a solitary endoparasitoid ( Ojima et al. 2010). Takagi (1978) monitored population dynamics of A. rugmanjonesi (as Anagrus sp.) in a tea plantation by using sticky suction traps. The dynamic curve indicated that A. rugmanjonesi was a multivoltine species and was most abundant in September. The study site of Takagi (1978) was not mentioned but is known to be the former Kanaya Town, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan (K. Takagi personal communication), which is now part of Shimada City.

Comments.

The photographs of " Mymaridae sp. A" provided in Ojima et al. (2010) leave no doubt that their specimens from Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku Island belonged to both sexes of Anagrus rugmanjonesi n. sp.