Sphaerephesia Fauchald, 1972, emended
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.845.32428 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F05BDFEC-4C4A-4F22-9685-4AC2655B973D |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30ADBACE-BFF4-A729-B1BE-E648366A3D8E |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Sphaerephesia Fauchald, 1972, emended |
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Sphaerephesia Fauchald, 1972, emended View in CoL
Sphaerodoropsis Hartman & Fauchald, 1971: 69 (in part); Fauchald 1974: 261 (in part); Borowski 1994: 23 (in part); Moreira 2012: 30 (in part); Capa et al. 2014: 18 (in part).
Sphaerephesia Fauchald, 1972: 197 (in part); Fauchald 1974: 271 (in part); Capa and Bakken 2015: 238 (in part), Capa et al. 2016b: 14 (in part).
Type species.
Sphaerephesia longisetis Fauchald, 1972.
Diagnosis.
Body generally short and ellipsoid, some species slender. Head with short appendages, with or without spurs or basal papillae; antenniform papillae absent or present. Four longitudinal rows of dorsal macrotubercles, one transverse row per segment. Macrotubercles sessile, spherical or hemispherical, pear-shaped or with terminal papilla. Microtubercles (small tubercles with a collar and terminal papillae) absent. Additional papillae over body surface and parapodia. Parapodia with cylindrical or pear-shaped ventral cirri, not surpassing the tip of acicular lobe. Stout hooks in anterior chaetigers absent. All chaetae compound.
Remarks.
Sphaerephesia has been, up to know, diagnosed by the presence of terminal papillae on dorsal macrotubercles (e.g., Fauchald 1972, 1974, Capa et al. 2014). These papillae are not discrete nor separated by a constriction. Instead, they appear to be as a continuous thinner tip of the tubercles, in most cases. The most conspicuous example of well-developed terminal papillae is the recently described Sphaerephesia amphorata Capa, Osborn & Bakken, 2016. There were nine species considered within this genus ( Capa et al. 2016b). Some members of Sphaerodoropsis (prior to this study) present pear-shaped macrotubercles on some dorsal tubercles, or even with subtle terminal papillae. It was previously indicated that the validity of both genera and their boundaries are unclear and require assessment ( Capa and Bakken 2015, Capa et al. 2016b). Analyses of molecular data in this study recover Sphaerephesia and members of Sphaerodoropsis Group 1 ( Borowski 1994) both paraphyletic and together forming Clade 1 (Fig. 1). We are proposing the transfer of members of Sphaerodoropsis group 1 to Sphaerephesia and expanding the diagnosis of the latter to incorporate those sphaerodorids with four longitudinal rows of sessile macrotubercles, regardless their shape (hemispherical, spherical, pear-shaped or with terminal papilla). Members of Sphaerephesia were described lacking antenniform papillae and with four longitudinal rows of dorsal macrotubercles. However, there are congeners presenting antenniform papillae. Sphaerephesia gesae Moreira & Parapar, 2011, provided with eight longitudinal rows of macrotubercles, needs validation and it is for the time being considered with an uncertain position.
The species included in the genus after this study are:
Sphaerephesia amphorata Capa, Osborn & Bakken, 2016
Type locality: North Carolina, USA, 640 m.
Sphaerephesia anae (Aguado & Rouse, 2006), comb. n.
Type locality: Pacific Antarctic Ridge, 2216-2334 m.
Sphaerephesia artabrensis (Moreira & Parapar, 2007), comb. n.
Type locality: Artabro Gulf, NW Iberian Peninsula, 209 m.
Sphaerephesia biserialis (Berkeley & Berkeley, 1944), comb. n.
Type locality: Dease Strait, northern Canadian Arctic, 82 m.
Sphaerephesia chilensis Fauchald, 1974
Type locality: Seno and Estero de Reloncaví, Chile, intertidal to 80 m.
Sphaerephesia corrugata (Hartman & Fauchald, 1971), comb. n.
Type locality: Off New England, USA, 400-1500 m.
Sphaerephesia discolis (Borowski, 1994), comb. n.
Type locality: Peru Basin, 4152 m.
Sphaerephesia elegans (Hartman & Fauchald, 1971), comb. n.
Type locality: Off Brazil, 3730-3783 m.
Sphaerephesia exmouthensis ( Hartmann-Schröder, 1981), comb. n. Type locality: Exmouth, Western Australia,? intertidal.
Sphaerephesia fauchaldi Kudenov, 1987
Type locality: Florida, Gulf of Mexico, 54 m.
Sphaerephesia furca (Fauchald, 1974), comb. n.
Type locality: Chile-Peru Trench, Peru, 1296-1317 m.
Sphaerephesia gesae Moreira & Parapar, 2011.
Type locality: Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica, 612-620 m.
Sphaerephesia hutchingsae Capa & Bakken, 2015
Type locality: East of Malabar, Sydney, Australia, 82 m.
Sphaerephesia kitazatoi (Shimabukuro et al., 2017), comb. n.
Type locality: São Paulo Ridge, South Atlantic, 4204 m.
Sphaerephesia laevis (Fauchald, 1974), comb. n.
Type locality: Chile-Peru Trench, Peru, 1296-1317 m.
Sphaerephesia laureci ( Desbruyères, 1980), comb. n.
Type locality: Terrasse de Meriadzek, Bay of Biscay, 2325 m.
? Sphaerephesia longesetosa (Averincev, 1972), comb. n. (incertae sedis)
Type locality: Antarctica, 1000 m.
Sphaerephesia longipalpa (Hartman & Fauchald, 1971), comb. n.
Type locality: Off Bermuda, NW Atlantic, 1700 m.
Sphaerephesia longipapillata ( Desbruyères, 1980), comb. n.
Type locality: Bay of Biscay, 4150 m.
Sphaerephesia longiparapodium (Katzmann, 1973), comb. n.
Type locality: Adriatic Sea, 20-60 m.
Sphaerephesia longisetis Fauchald, 1972
Type locality: Baja California, 957 m.
Sphaerephesia malayana (Augener, 1933), comb. n.
Type locality: Banda, Indonesia, unknown depth.
Sphaerephesia mamalaensis Magalhães, Bailey-Brock & Barrett, 2011
Type locality: Oahu Island, Hawaii, 68 m.
Sphaerephesia martinae ( Desbruyères, 1980), comb. n.
Type locality: Banc Le Danois, Bay of Biscay, 1913 m.
Sphaerephesia parva (Ehlers, 1913), comb. n.
Type locality: Eastern Antarctica, 380-3423 m.
Sphaerephesia philippi (Fauvel, 1911), comb. n.
Type locality: Kara Sea, Artic Ocean, 220 m.
Sphaerephesia protuberanca ( Böggemann, 2009), comb. n.
Type locality: Guinea Basin, South Atlantic, 5048-5443 m.
Sphaerephesia regularis Böggemann, 2009
Type locality: Guinea and Angola basins, South Atlantic, 5048-5051 m.
Sphaerephesia sibuetae ( Desbruyères, 1980), comb. n.
Type locality: Banc Le Danois, Bay of Biscay, 1913 m.
Sphaerephesia similisetis Fauchald, 1972.
Type locality: Baja California, 461 m.
Sphaerephesia stellifer (Aguirrerezabalaga & Ceberio, 2005), comb. n.
Type locality: Capbreton Canyon, Bay of Biscay, 990-1040 m.
? Sphaerephesia simplex (Amoureux, Rulllier & Fishelson, 1978), comb. n.
Type locality: Gulf of Suez, 30 m.
Sphaerephesia triplicata (Fauchald, 1974), comb. n.
Type locality: off Durban, South Africa, 715-675 m.
Sphaerephesia vittori (Kudenov, 1987), comb. n.
Type locality: Gulf of Mexico, USA, 37-121 m.
Sphaerephesia wilsoni (Capa & Bakken, 2015), comb. n.
Type locality: Jervis Bay, Australia, 1-40 m.
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