SUBFAMILYDIAPERINAE, Latreille, 1802

Peck, Stewart B., 2016, The beetles of the Lesser Antilles (Insecta, Coleoptera): diversity and distributions, Insecta Mundi 2016 (460), pp. 1-360 : 155-158

SUBFAMILYDIAPERINAE

TRIBEPHALERINI

Phaleria fulva Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 423 ; Leng and Mutchler 1914: 461; Champion 1896: 10; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 84; Marcuzzi 1977: 35; 1984: 84; Watrous and Triplehorn 1982: 18; Cooter 1983: 185; Woodruff et al. 1998: 44; Ivie et al. 2008b: 254. Distribution. Antigua, Barbados *, Barbuda, Canouan, Carriacou*, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe (type locality), Hispaniola, Islote de Aves, Les Saintes, Los Roques, Margarita, Mayreau *, Montserrat, Mustique, Orchilla, St. Barthélemy, St. Lucia, St. Martin-St. Maarten. Venezuela (mainland and Margarita); widespread Antillesand South America . Notes. Ascavenger in sea beach sand. Some earlier literature records of this species may be based on specimens of Phaleria thinophila Watrous and Triplehorn and need checking.

Phaleria picipes Say 1824: 280 ; Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 422; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 461; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 526; Triplehorn 1991; 266; Triplehorn and Watrous 1979: 291; Watrous and Triplehorn 1982: 19; Marcuzzi 1984: 84; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279; Ivieet al. 2008b: 254; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 57; Thomaset al. 2013: 52. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guana, Hispaniola, Islote de Aves, Jamaica, Marguerita, Montserrat, Mustique, Los Roques, Les Saintes, Puerto Rico, St. Barthélemy, St. Martin-St. Maarten. Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico , and Caribbean coastal; USA (NJ-FL), Mexico , Belize, Honduras, Panama; widespread Antillesand North and/or Central America .

Phaleria punctipes LeConte 1878: 421 ; Triplehorn 1991: 268; Triplehorn and Watrous 1979: 281; Watrous and Triplehorn 1982: 13; Marcuzzi 1984: 84; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 57; Thomaset al. 2013: 52. = Phaleria guadeloupensis Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 423 of Guadeloupe; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 83; Marcuzzi 1977: 35 of Les Saintes and of St. Martin-St. Maarten, 1984: 84. Distribution. Anagada, Antigua, Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Guadeloupe, Guana, Jamaica, Les Saintes, St. Barthélemy, St. Martin-St. Maarten. USA (FL); widespread Antillesand North and/or Central America . Plate 38.

Phaleria testacea Say 1824: 280 ; Marcuzzi 1984: 84; Triplehorn 1991: 266; Triplehorn and Watrous 1979: 289; Watrous and Triplehorn 1982: 19; Schiller 2004: 13; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279; Perez-Gelabert 2008: 112; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 49. = Phaleria angustata Chevrolat 1878a : ccxlviii; Ramos 1946: 39; Marcuzzi 1962: 39; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 83; Turnbow and Thomas 2008: 57; Daltry 2009: 68. = Phaleria chevrolati Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 423 of Guadeloupe; Champion 1896: 9; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 83. = Phaleria chevrolati variety quadrinotata Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 423 of Guadeloupe. = Phaleria chevrolati variety thoracica Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 423 of Guadeloupe. = Phaleria maculipennis Marcuzzi 1962: 37 ; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 84; Marcuzzi 1977: 36. Distribution. Bahamas, Barbados, Désirade, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guana, Hispaniola, Les Saintes, Margarita, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Mayreau*, Mona, Mustique, Nevis, Puerto Rico, St. Barthélemy, St. Eustatius , St. Lucia, St. Martin-St. Maarten, Virgin Islands; most Caribbean islands. Trinidad, Venezuela, French Guiana, coastal from NE USA (Maine) to Argentina; widespread New World. Notes. The variation in color patterns of the adults led to the many synonyms for this species.

Phaleria thinophila Watrous and Triplehorn 1982: 15 ; Valentine and Ivie 2005: 279. Distribution. Barbados (record needs confirmation), Guana, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas. Costa Rica and Venezuela records need confirmation; widespread Antilles endemic? Plate 38.

TRIBEDIAPERINI

SUBTRIBEADELININA

Adelina pici (Ardoin) 1977a: 7 ( Doliema ); Marcuzzi 1984: 97; Triplehorn and Ivie 1983: 274; Valentine and Ivie 2005: 279; Ivieet al. 2008b: 254; Thomaset al. 2013: 48. Distribution. Anegada ( British Virgin Islands), Bequia*, Canouan*, Caymans, Cuba, Désirade, Grenada *, Guadeloupe, Guana, Les Saintes, Mayreau*, Montserrat, Petit Terre ( Guadeloupe), St. Barthélemy *, Union*. Venezuela; the Lesser Antilles and Latin America . Notes. Found under bark, often of dead branches of Hippomane mancinella L.

Adelina plana (Olivier) 1795: 94 ( Doliema ); Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 428; Champion 1896: 25; Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 428; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 439; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 532; Marcuzziand d’Aguilar 1971: 89; Ardoin 1977a: 3; Marcuzzi 1984: 96; Spilman 1973 (generic synonymy); Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 53; Perez-Gelabert 2008: 112; Thomas et al. 2013:: 48. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Mustique, Guadeloupe, Hispaniola. USA (FL), Mexico to Colombia, Venezuela, Chile; widespread New World. Notes. Daltry 2009: 68 lists an undetermined species in this genus from St. Lucia. Plate 36.

Gnatocerus curvicornis (Champion) 1893: 533 ( Gnathocerus ); Blackwelder 1944-1957: 530; Valentine and Ivie 2005: 279; Ivieet al. 2008b: 254; Thomaset al. 2013: 50. Distribution. Antigua *, Caymans, Grenada *, Guana, Montserrat, St. Lucia *, St. Vincent *. USA, Mexico , Brazil; introduced to the Lesser Antilles. Notes. Daltry 2009: 68 lists an undetermined species on St. Lucia.

[ Gnatocerus cornutus (Fabricius) 1798: 51 ; Wolcott 1951: 328 ; Marcuzzi 1984: 92 ( Gnathocerus ). Distribution. Cuba, Puerto Rico; to be expected in the Lesser Antilles. Mexico to Brazil, USA; cosmopolitan. Notes. The broad-horned flour beetle; carried by commerce to Old World; in stored products, also in tree fungi. Plate 37.]

Gnatocerus guatemalensis (Champion) 1886: 147 ( Sicinus ); Blackwelder 1944-1957: 531; Ivie et al. 2008b: 254. Distribution. Montserrat (introduced). Guatemala; introduced to the Lesser Antilles.

Gnatocerus maxillosus (Fabricius) 1801: 155 ( Trogosita ); Champion 1896: 18 ( Echocerus ); Leng and Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 530; Wolcott 1951: 328 ; Marcuzzi 1984: 92 ( Gnathocerus ). Distribution. Antigua *, Barbados *, Cuba, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Nevis *, PuertoRico. USA, Mexico to Colombia; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; cosmopolitan. Notes. The slender-horned flour beetle; in stored products, also under tree bark. Plate 37.

Gnatocerus sp. 1 , new species record. Distribution. Antigua *, Grenada *, St. Vincent *, Union.

Gnatocerus sp. 2 , new species record. Distribution. Antigua *, Barbados *.

Iccius grenadensis Champion 1896: 18 ; Leng and Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 531; Marcuzzi 1984: 92. Distribution. Grenada; singleisland endemic.

Iccius rufotestaceus Champion 1896: 18 ; Leng and Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 531; Marcuzzi 1984: 92; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279. = Hypophloeus dufaui Pic 1940 -1945: 7; Chalumeau 1982b: 194 ( Corticeus ); Marcuzzi 1984: 98; Bremer and Triplehorn 1999: 59 (synonymy). Distribution. Antigua *, Grenada *, Guadeloupe, Guana, St. Vincent, Union*; widespread Antillesendemic?

Iccius sp. , Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 85. Distribution. Guadeloupe; singleisland endemic.

Sitophagus hololeptoides (Laporte) 1840: 220 ( Uloma ); Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 427; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 463; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 532; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 89; Marcuzzi 1977: 41; 1984: 96. Distribution. Cuba, Guadeloupe, Puerto Rico. Mexico to Panama, South America , Madeira; cosmopolitan; introduced to Old World, probably native to tropical America ; introduced to the Lesser Antilles? Notes. Astored products pest. Plate 39.

SUBTRIBEDIAPERINA

Diaperis maculata Olivier 1791b: 273 ; Marcuzzi 1984: 87; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 53; Thomas et al. 2013: 49. = Diaperis hydni Fabricius 1801: 585 ; Ramos 1946: 40 of Mona; Wolcott 1951: 327 of Puerto Rico; Miskimenand Bond 1970: 92 of St. Croix. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Mona, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Lucia * (also in Daltry 2009: 68). USA, Mexico to Panama; widespread Antillesand North and/or Central America . Plate 37.

Liodema serricornis Bates 1873: 236 ; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 529. Distribution. Grenada *. Mexico to Panama, French Guiana and Brazil; the Lesser Antilles and Latin America .

Loxostethus guadeloupensis (Kaszab) 1977: 122 ( Heterophylus ); Marcuzzi 1984: 90; Triplehorn and Merkl 1997: 738 (generic synonymy). Distribution. Guadeloupe; single island endemic. Genus endemic to WestIndies.

Neomida deltocera Triplehorn 1994: 423 . Distribution. Dominica. Brazil, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Suriname; the Lesser Antilles and Latin America . Notes. Found in Fomes sp. and Ganoderma sp. polypore bracket fungi in forests.

Neomida inermis Champion 1886: 179 ; Chalumeau 1982b: 193. Distribution. Guadeloupe. Guatemala (type locality) ; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America ?

Neomida lecontei Bates 1873: 233 ; Chalumeau 1982b: 193; Ivie et al. 2008b: 254; Perez-Gelabert 2008: 112. Distribution. Grenada *, Guadeloupe (introduced), Hispaniola, Montserrat. Mexico , Colombia; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America ?

Neomida suilla (Champion) 1896: 11 ( Arrhenoplita ); Leng and Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944- 1957: 527 ( Hoplocephala ); Marcuzzi 1984: 87; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 84; Ivie et al. 2008b: 254. Distribution. St. Vincent, Montserrat; Lesser Antilles endemic. Not Guadeloupe (Chalumeau 1982b: 193).

Platydema apicenotatum Champion 1896: 13 ; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 527; Marcuzzi 1984: 88. Distribution. Grenada; single island endemic. Notes. Daltry 2009: 68 notes a species near this on St. Lucia.

Platydema excavatum Say 1824: 267 ; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 528; Ivie et al. 2008b: 254; Turnbow and Thomas 2008: 57; Thomaset al. 2013: 52. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Hispaniola, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, St. Kitts *. USA, Mexico to Panama, Colombia; widespread New World.

Platydema guatemalensis Champion 1886: 187 ; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 528. Distribution. Dominica, Grenada *, St. Lucia *, St. Vincent *, Union*. Mexico to Panama, Trinidad, Venezuela; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America . Plate 39.

Platydema piceum Laporte and Brullé 1831: 362 ; Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 424; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 84; Marcuzzi 1984: 89. Distribution. Guadeloupe; singleisland endemic.

Platydema piliferum Champion 1896: 12 ; Leng and Mutchler 1914: 462; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 528; Marcuzzi 1984: 89. Distribution. St. Vincent; singleisland endemic.

Ulomoides ocularis (Casey) 1891: 65 ( Palembus ); Blackwelder 1944-1957: 527; Miskimenand Bond 1970: 92; Marcuzzi 1977: 38, 1984: 87; Triplehorn 1965: 388; Chalumeau 1982b: 193; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279; Ivieet al. 2008b: 254; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 57; Daltry 2009: 68; Thomaset al. 2013: 52. Distribution. Anguilla, Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Guana, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Montserrat, PuertoRico, St. Croix, St. Lucia, St. Martin-St. Maarten, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, Union*. USA (FL); introduced to New World; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; native to the Philippines. Notes. Sometimes a pest in tamarind pods. Plate 40.

TRIBECRYPTICINI

Gondwanocrypticus filicornis (Chevrolat) 1878b: 222 ( Crypticus ); Blackwelder 1944-1957: 528 ( Platydema ); Chalumeau 1982b: 193; Marcuzzi 1984: 85; Perez-Gelabert 2008: 113. Distribution. Hispaniola, Jamaica, St. Barthélemy; widespread Antilles endemic. Notes. In sand of back-beaches. Cooter (1983: 185) (as Crypticus ) and Ivie et al. (2008b: 254) list an undetermined species in this genus from Montserrat.

Gondwanocrypticus undatus (Champion) 1896: 5 ( Crypticus ); Leng and Mutchler 1914: 461; Marcuzzi 1984: 85; Daltry 2009: 68 (probably). Distribution. Canouan*, Grenada, Mustique, St. Lucia; Lesser Antillesendemic.

Microcrypticus ziczac (Motschulsky) 1873: 475 ( Platydema ); Marcuzzi 1977: 37, 1984: 85; Chalumeau 1982b: 193. = Platydema scriptipennis Fairmaire 1875 : xxxiii; Champion 1896: 14; Blackwelder 1944- 1957: 526. Distribution. Barbados *, Grenada, Guadeloupe; introduced to New World; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; native in Asia, Africa, Australia.

TRIBETRACHYSCELINI

Trachyscelis aphodioides Latreille 1812 -1813: 379, Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 422; Steiner 2004: 335; Daltry 2009: 68. = Trachyscelis flavipes Melsheimer 1846: 61 ; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 461; Marcuzzi and d’Aguilar 1971: 83; Marcuzzi 1977: 39, 1984: 83; Chalumeau 1982b: 193; Steiner 2004: 335 (synonymy); Touroult 2005: 88; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 279. Distribution. Barbuda, Guadeloupe, Guana, Marie-Galante, Martinique, PuertoRico, St. Barthélemy, St. Lucia, St. Martin-St. Maarten, St. Thomas; Turks and Caicos. USA (MD, VA, NC, FL, LA; but maybe not now established because there are no records since the 1950s); Brazil; introduced to New World; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; native to Mediterranean Europe and north Africa. Notes. An inhabitant of pure fine sand in washed-up debris, at or just above high tide line. Plate 39.