Picrella glandulosa T.G. Hartley, 2003

Hartley, Thomas G. & Mabberley, David J., 2003, The identity of Picrella Baill. (Rutaceae) with a revision of the genus, Adansonia (3) 25 (2), pp. 251-259 : 253-256

1. Picrella glandulosa T.G. Hartley , sp. nov.

Euodia triphylla auct. non DC. (1824): Guillaumin, Ann. Inst. Bot.- Géol. Colon. Marseille, sér. 2, 9: 111 (1911) & Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 26: 366 (1920); Däniker, Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 77, Beibl. 19: 197 (1932). — Euodia lamarckiana auct. non Benth. (1861), nom. illeg., based on Fagara triphylla Lam. : Schlechter, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 139 (1906). — Melicope triphylla auct. non Merr. (1913): Guillaumin, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 302 (1938).

Frutex vel arbor dioecia 1-10 m alta; glandibus oleaceis saepe comparate conspicuis; foliis trifoliolatis (foliis infrequentibus unifoliolatis), 9-32 cm longis; petiolo 1.5- 10 cm longo; laminis glabris vel fere glabris, ellipticis vel anguste elllipticis usque obovatis vel oblanceolatis, 6-23 × 2.2-9 cm, venis secondariis supra prominulis, utrinsecus (12-)14-22; inflorescentiis multifloris, 1.5-10 × 1-6 cm; floribus Ƌ vel ♀; sepalis abaxialiter fere glabris usque puberulis, 0.5-0.8 mm longis; petalis abaxialiter glabris usque sparse puberulis, adaxialiter glabris, 1.5-2 mm longis; staminibus 8, staminibus antipetalis in floribus Ƌ et ♀ 0.25-0.5 mm longis, staminibus antisepalis in floribus Ƌ c. 1.5 mm longis, in floribus ♀ 0.5-0.75 mm longis; gynoecio in floribus ♀ c. 1 mm longo (in floribus Ƌ 0.2-0.4 mm longo), ovariis circum stylum pilosulosis, aliter glabris, 1- vel raro 2-ovulatis, stylo pilosuloso, cum stigmate 0.5-0.65 mm longo; drupis maturis luteis, 3-4.5 mm longis, interdum rostratis, ut carpellis abortivis glabris; seminibus solitariis vel raro binatim, 2-3 mm longis.

TYPUS. — MacKee 2660, New Caledonia , Yaté road, valley after Col des Dalmates, 26 June 1955, fl. ♀ (holo-, P!; iso-, L!, UC!, US!) .

Shrub or tree 1-10 m high, dioecious; oil glands often comparatively conspicuous. Young branchlets glabrous to puberulent or rarely pubescent; terminal bud pubescent. Leaves trifoliolate (occasional leaves unifoliolate), 9-32 cm long; petiole glabrous to puberulent or rarely pubescent, exalate, 1.5-10 cm long; petiolule in lateral leaflets obsolete or up to 8 mm long, in terminal leaflet obsolete or up to 15 mm long; blades glabrous or nearly so, elliptic or narrowly so to obovate or oblanceolate, 6-23 × 2.2-9 cm, base acute to cuneate or attenuate, margin entire, apex acuminate or sometimes rounded to acute, secondary veins prominulous above, (12-)14-22 per side.

Inflorescences nearly glabrous to puberulent, many-flowered, 1.5-10 × 1-6 cm; pedicels 0.3- 2 mm long (1-4 mm long in fruit). Flowers Ƌ or ♀; sepals nearly glabrous to puberulent abaxially, 0.5-0.8 mm long; petals white to yellow, sparsely puberulent abaxially or glabrous, 1.5-2 mm long, deciduous or subpersistent in fruit; stamens 8; antipetalous stamens in Ƌ and ♀ flowers 0.25- 0.5 mm long, anthers obsolete or up to 0.25 mm long; antisepalous stamens in Ƌ flowers c. 1.5 mm long, 0.5-0.75 mm long in ♀ flowers, filaments glabrous or nearly so, anthers 0.25-0.4 mm long; gynoecium in ♀ flowers c. 1 mm long (0.2- 0.4 mm long in Ƌ flowers), ovaries pilosulose around style, otherwise glabrous, 1- or rarely 2- ovuled, style pilosulose, including stigma 0.5- 0.65 mm long. Drupes at maturity yellow, 3- 4.5 mm long, sometimes beaked, like the abortive carpels glabrous. Seeds solitary or rarely in pairs, 2-3 mm long.

Picrella glandulosa , so named for its tendency to have comparatively conspicuous oil glands, stands well apart from its congeners in having an eight- (vs. four-) stamened androecium. Several authors have misidentified it as a plant now known as Melicope triphylla (Lam.) Merr. , which differs mainly in having dehiscent fruit and a range that extends from Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands southward to Borneo and thence eastward to New Guinea and New Britain (see HARTLEY 2001: 149).

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Picrella glandulosa occurs throughout the Grande-Terre, on the Île des Pins, and in the Loyalty Islands (Lifou). Recorded mostly from forests (mainly rain forest and gallery forest), rarely from maquis; usually on schistose terrains, rarely on grauwackes; 5-800 m altitude.

PARATYPES (84 collections examined). — NEW CALEDONIA: Balansa 1796, E du Pont des Français, près de Nouméa, June 1869, fl. Ƌ ( A, L, NY, P, UC) ; Bernardi 9587, Mé Maoya (Mine Emma), 200 m, 11 July 1965, fr. ( B, L, P) ; Bernardi 10111, Forêt Plate, 500-550 m, 12 Aug. 1965, fr. ( B, L, P) ; Däniker 1753, Ignambi, 2 June 1925, fl. Ƌ ( P) ; Godefroy (Herb. d’Alleizette 202 NC), Prony, 1910, fl. Ƌ (P); Le Rat 2202, route de Bourail à Houaïlou, July 1904, fr. ( A, L, P) ; Le Rat 2816, route du Col d’Amieu à Pa Mégrapo, Feb. 1907, fl. ♀ ( P) ; MacKee 13017, Farino, forêt du Pic Noir, 250 m, 13 July 1965, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 17617, Col Toma, 500 m, 6 Oct. 1967, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 23940, basse Tipindjé, 10 m, 17 July 1971, fl. ♀, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 25589, Col d’Arama (versant W), 60 m, 22 June 1972, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 31665, Koné, Mt. Tanji, 800 m, 30 July 1976, fr. ( CANB) ; MacKee 35136, Koumac, ruisseau profond, 100 m, 12 May 1978, fl. Ƌ ( CANB) ; McPherson 1630, Thy River valley, 150 m, 13 May 1979, fl. Ƌ ( P) ; Morat 7750, La Tchamba, 400 m, 16 May 1984, fl. ♀ ( CANB) ; Nothis 443, Ouéholle, 17 Aug. 1967, fr. ( P) ; Schlechter 14888, Païta [ S Grande-Terre], 300 m, 3 Oct. 1902, fr. ( GH, L, NSW, P, PR, W) ; Schmid 2152 pro parte, Île des Pins , baie de Koumo, 10 June 1967, fl. Ƌ ( NOU) ; Schmid 5285, Mt. Ningua , 18 June 1975, fl. Ƌ ( NOU) ; Thorne 28151, below Col d’Amos [= Col d’Amoss], 22 Oct. 1959, fr. ( P) ; Veillon 186, Col des Roussettes, 500 m, 1 June 1965, fr. ( P) ; Veillon 4161, Lifou, N de Mutchaweng , Oct. 1979, fr. ( CANB) .

2. Picrella ignambiensis (Guillaumin) T.G. Hartley & Mabb. , comb. nov.

Euodia ignambiensis Guillaumin in Sarasin & Roux,

Nova Caledonia, Bot. 1: 161 (1920) & Bull. Soc.

Bot. France 85: 299, “ ignambiense ” (1938);

Hartley, Allertonia 8: 278, “… to be transferred to

Zieridium .” (2001). — Type: Sarasin 186, New

Caledonia , Mt. Ignambi, 650 m, 4 Oct. 1911, fl. ♀

(holo-, P!; iso-, BAS, n.v., photo CANB!, Z, n.v.,

photo CANB!).

Shrub or tree 2-10 m high, dioecious; oil glands comparatively inconspicuous. Young branchlets sparsely puberulent to pubescent or velutinous or rarely nearly glabrous; terminal bud pubescent or velutinous. Leaves trifoliolate (occasional leaves unifoliolate), 12-57 cm long; petiole sparsely puberulent to pubescent, exalate, 4- 18 cm long; petiolules obsolete or in terminal leaflet up to 10 mm long; blades puberulent to pubescent at least on midrib and secondary veins below or rarely glabrous or nearly so, elliptic to obovate, or in lateral leaflets ovate, 5.5-39 × 3- 20 cm, base in lateral leaflets cordate to rounded or acute, inequilateral, in terminal leaflet cuneate to attenuate, margin entire, apex rounded to acute or ± abruptly short-acuminate, sometimes apiculate or emarginate, secondary veins plane or impressed above, 10-18 per side.

Inflorescences puberulent to pubescent or velutinous, many-flowered, 3.5-19 × 1-10 cm; pedicels 0.3-1 mm long (0.3-2.5 mm long in fruit). Flowers Ƌ or ♀ sepals puberulent to pubescent abaxially, 0.5-1 mm long; petals white or pale yellow, sparsely puberulent to pubescent abaxially, glabrous adaxially, 1-2 mm long, persistent or subpersistent in fruit; stamens 4, in Ƌ flowers 0.7-1.5 mm long, 0.6-0.7 mm long in ♀ flowers, filaments glabrous, anthers 0.3- 0.4 mm long; gynoecium in ♀ flowers 0.7- 1.5 mm long (0.3-0.4 mm long in Ƌ flowers), ovaries pubescent, 1-ovuled, style glabrous to pubescent, including stigma 0.5-1 mm long. Drupes at maturity white, glabrous or nearly so (abortive carpels pubescent), 2.5-3 mm long, often beaked. Seeds solitary, 2-2.5 mm long.

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Picrella ignambiensis is restricted to the Grande-Terre, where it ranges from Col d’Amoss southeast to

Mt. Aoupinié and also occurs on Plateau de Dogny. Recorded mostly from forests (usually rain forest), rarely from degraded maquis; usually on schistose terrains, rarely on grauwackes; 20- 1530 m altitude.

SELECTED SPECIMENS (54 collections examined). — NEW CALEDONIA: Bernardi 9994, Plateau et Mt. Dogny, 900 m, 4 Aug. 1965, bud ( B, L, P) ; MacKee 13175, haute vallée de la Tchamba, forêt de Thalweg, 150 m, 10 Aug. 1965, fl. Ƌ ( P) ; MacKee 13824, vallée de Pouaï (entre Tao et la tribu de Panié), 20-50 m, 10 Nov. 1965, fl. ♀ ( P) ; MacKee 15667, haute vallée de l’Amoa, 300-500 m, 23 Sep. 1966, y.fr. ( P) ; MacKee 17732, haute Pouembout, pente W du Mt. Katepouenda , 600-700 m, 15 May 1967, fl. Ƌ ( P) ; MacKee 19629, haute Diahot, forêt de Tendé, 500- 600 m, 30 Sep. 1968, fl. ♀ ( P) ; MacKee 23326, Col d’Amos [= Col d’Amoss], Nakaoun, 450 m, 16 Feb. 1971, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 23767, Pouébo, Ouangati, 800- 900 m, 26 May 1971, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 26741, Ponérihouen, Mt. Aoupinié , 900-1020 m, 16 May 1973, fr. ( P) ; MacKee 34116, leg. Cherrier, Tiwaka, Moindip, 750 m, 25 Oct. 1977, fl. ♀ ( P) ; MacKee 35177, leg. Cherrier, Hienghène, crête Tindo-Coulna, 500 m, 25 May 1978, fr. ( CANB) ; MacKee 39984, leg. Nasi, Mt. Colnett (pente E) , 1000 m, Nov. 1981, fl. ♀ ( P) ; McPherson & van der Werff 17852, Mt. Panié above Haut Coulna, 1250-1530 m, 1 Nov. 1999, fl. ♀ ( CANB) ; Morat 7817, Mandjélia, 650 m, 10 Sep. 1984, fl. ♀ ( CANB) ; Schlechter 15566, Oubatche, 600 m, 26 Dec. 1902, fr. ( P, WRSL) ; Veillon 3767, haute Néounin, 400 m, 6 Aug. 1978, fl. ♀ ( P) .