Phyllogomphoides albrighti ( Needham, 1950 )

Torres-Pachón, Mónica, Novelo-Gutiérrez, Rodolfo & Ruiz-Sanchez, Eduardo, 2019, A synopsis of Phyllogomphoides Belle, 1970 (Odonata: Gomphidae) of Mexico: taxonomy and distribution, Zootaxa 4634 (1), pp. 1-67 : 12-14

Phyllogomphoides albrighti ( Needham, 1950)

Gomphoides albrighti Needham, 1950: 1–3 [Transactions of the American Entomological Society 76 (1)] (♂ and ♀)

Type. Not examined.

Type repository. Cornell University Collection ( CUC). (Not examined).

Material studied: Total specimens: 66♂♂, 25♀♀, distributed like thus: 3♂♂ ( DRP), 16♂♂, 7♀♀ ( FSCA), 8♂♂, 3♀♀ ( IEXA), 39♂♂, 15♀♀ ( UNAM). MEXICO: Coahuila; Cuatrociénegas, Antiguos mineros del Norte , Las Teclas (26º47’14.3’’N, 102º0’6.5’’W), elevation 708m, 27 September 2011, M. Trujano et al. leg., 2♂♂ ; same locality but: 29 August 2012, H. Ortega et al. leg., 3♂♂, 1♀ ; same locality but: 7 July 2013, 4♂♂, 1♀ ; same locality but: 30 October 2013, M. Trujano et al. leg., 1♂ ; Churince Poza Bonita (26º50’13.78’’N, 102º8’25.89’’W), elevation 767m, 22 August 2012, H. Ortega et al. leg., 1♂ ; Churince Poza Churince (26º50’25.5’’N, 102º8’2.7’’W), elevation 768m, 21 August 2012, H. Ortega et al. leg., 1♀ ; same locality but: 9 July 2013, 1♂ ; La Poza Azul (26º55’21.2’’N, 102º7’23.6’’W), elevation 730m, 3 July 2013, H. Ortega et al. leg., 1♂ ; same locality but: 10 July 2013, 1♂ ; same locality but: 24 July 2013, A. Contreras leg., 1♂ ; Rancho Orozco Poza Escobedo (26º53’27.72’’N, 102º5’10.82’’W), elevation 725m, 27 August 2012, H. Ortega et al. leg., 1♀ ; same locality but: 30 September 2012, 1♀ ; same local- ity but: 3 July 2013, 3♂♂, 3♀♀; Rancho Orozco Poza Tío Cándido (26º52’10.94’’N, 102º4’41.72’’W), elevation 723m, 5 October 2012, H. Ortega et al. leg., 1♀ ; same locality but: 5 July 2013, 1♂, 3♀♀ . Guerrero; Acahuizotla, Selva Mediana Subperennifolia , 1 September 1986, C. Deloya leg., 1♂ . Nuevo León; Municipio de Monterrey, Cerro El Mirador , 5 July 1987, M.J. Westfall, A. Contreras leg., 2♂♂ ; Rio Las Lajas at Mex . 40.2 mi. N China, 24 June 1965, D. Paulson leg., 1♂ . San Luis Potosí; Cascadas Micos , 25 June 1990, K.J. Tennessen leg., 5♂♂, 2♀♀ ; same locality but: 27 June 1990, G.A. Tennessen leg., 1♂ ; Cascadas Pago Pago , 5 July 2004, R. Novelo leg., 2♂♂ ; El Salto Falls , 9 May 1964, R.E. Wooddruff leg., 1♂, 1♀ ; Micos, Cascadas Pago Pago , 25 June 1990, R. Novelo leg., 3♂♂, 1♀ ; same locality but: 27 June 1990, E. González, A. Maya leg., 1♂ ; same locality but: 5 July 2004, R. Novelo leg., 1♂ ; Municipio Ciudad Valles, Río Micos (arriba) (22º7’27.59’’N, 99º10’41.99’’W), elevation 230m, 12 June 2001, E. González-Soriano leg., 2♂♂ ; same locality but: Nacimiento del rio Coy (21º43’53.99’’N, 98º58’35.76’’W), elevation 50m, 13 May 1989, E. González-Soriano leg., 3♂♂ ; same locality but: 15 June 2001, E. González-Soriano leg., 1♂ ; same locality but: 18 June 2001, E. González-Soriano leg., 1♂, 1♀ ; Puente Covadonga , km 11 carr, Cd. Valles-Xilitla, 4 July 2004, R. Novelo leg., 1♀ ; Rio Coy , 24 June 1990, G. A. Tennessen leg., 2♂♂, 3♀♀ ; Rio Micos , aproximadamente a 22 km al N. O. de Ciudad Valles, 25 June 1990, A. Maya et al. leg., 8♂♂, 2♀♀ ; Rio Naranjo , 4.8 mi. NW Mex. 80 on road to El Salto, 19 June 1966, D. Paulson et al. leg., 3♂♂ . Tamaulipas; stream 1.1 mi. NE Jaumave , 16 August 1965, F.G. Thompson leg., 1♂ ; Casas , 16 June 1975, J.T. Goodwin leg., 3♂♂, 1♀ ; Rio corona, 20 mi. north of Ciudad Victoria, near Hwy 101, (23°56.268’N, 98° 56.190’W) 26 July 1968, R.W. Garrison leg. 1♀ . Veracruz; Municipio de Tlapacoyan, Ixtacuaco , 28 June 1992, R. Novelo leg., 1♂, 1♀ .

Description of male. Body light brown, with five pale stripes on pterothorax.

Head: Face mostly pale; labium and submentum pale; labrum mostly pale with a thin blackish-brown band on anterior border, posterior border pale; mandibles pale basally, tips blackish-brown; anteclypeus and postclypeus completely creamy pale; lower surface of antefrons brown, upper of antefrons and postfrons mostly pale, a blackishbrown stripe at the union with vertex; antennae brown; vertex brown, depressed area between ocelli with a large, quadrate to circular pale spot; occiput pale with lateral borders brown, posterior border straight and fringed with long, stiff, black setae ( Fig. 17 ).

Thorax: Pronotum brown, with a large pale middorsal spot on midlobe principally, sometimes also on anterior and posterior lobes. Pterothorax brown, with five pale stripes as shown in Fig. 17 ; middorsal thoracic carina pale; first antehumeral stripe connected to pale mesothoracic collar forming an inverted “7” reaching border of antealar crest superiorly; second antehumeral stripe continuous, ending in the upper end in a circular spot close to antealar crest; mesepimeral stripe two times wider than second antehumeral stripe, covering most of mesepimeron (90–95%), more or less parallel sided and gradually widening at upper end; metepisternal stripe discontinuous, covering 50–60% the length of metepisternum, a faint pale spot near to spiracle; metepimeral stripe continuous, rarely discontinuous, covering 70–80% the length of metepimeron, with subalar carina pale; metaposternum pale; pectus mostly pale. Legs: Coxae and trocanters ventrally pale, dorsally light brown with pale streaks extending outward on sides of femora; femora mostly light brown, anterior femora broadly pale ventrally; tibiae reddish-black, armature black; tarsi and pretarsal claws reddish-black. Wings: Hyaline, tinged with yellow at extreme base, venation light brown, anterior margin of costae with a continuous well-defined yellow line in all the wings; second primary antenodal crossvein the 7th in FW, the 6th in HW; antenodal crossveins FW 16–18, HW 12–15; postnodal crossveins FW 11–13, HW 11–14; second serie antenodal crossveins in FW 18–20 and HW 15–16; triangles 2 or 3-celled; subtriangles 2-celled in FW, usually 2-celled in HW (sometimes one cell); supratriangles 2-celled in FW, 2 or 3-celled in HW; anal loop 4–6-celled; anal triangle 4-celled; pterostigma yellowish.

Abdomen: Reddish-brown on S1–2, black on S3–7, S8–9 reddish-brown on dorsum, light brown at sides, S10 light brown. Pale coloration creamy yellow as follows: a middorsal stripe and the ventral 0.85–0.95 of tergum on S1; a middorsal stripe, auricles, and a posteroventral, big spot 0.90–0.95 on S2; a middorsal stripe on basal 0.90–1.0 of its length, and a broad basoventral spot on basal 0.40–0.45 of S3; a middorsal stripe on basal 0.90–1.0 tapering posteriorly, a slightly broad basoventral spot on basal 0.25–0.30 of S4; a middorsal stripe on basal 0.70–0.80 tapering posteriorly, a slightly broad basoventral spot on basal 0.25–0.30 of S5; a middorsal spot on basal 0.40–0.50, a slightly broad basoventral spot on basal 0.15–0.20 of S6; basal half of S7, sometimes 0.60–0.65 more length on S7; S8 with a lateral spots 0.40–0.50 tapering posteriorly, posterior border with a pale spot 0.10–0.20 of its length; S9 with a lateral spots 0.10–0.20 tapering posteriorly, posterior border with a pale spot 0.20–0.25 of its length. Foliation on S8–9 scalloped, foliation on S8 suddenly widening caudally, ending in a wide rounded lobe which surpasses by 0.70–0.80 mm the anterior margin of S9, its edge smooth, maximum width of foliation 1.15–1.25 mm; foliation on S9 0.70–0.80 mm wide, the same width along the entire margin, ending in a wide rounded lobe which surpasses by 0.20–0.25 mm the anterior margin of S10, its edge smooth ( Fig. 30 ). Accessory genitalia: Anterior lamina thick, entire, anterior margin undulate, widely convex at middle; in ventral view anterior hamuli tumid anteriorly, apically cleft forming two subequal branches, internal branch ending in a wide rounded tip, external branch ending in a short incurved hook, the tip of hook directed dorsally, with a large, subrectangular, excavate area on the posteroexternal surface, mesal margin entire, undulate; posterior hamuli subcylindrical, its inner edge convex, ending in a short, thick, blunt tip directed mesally, with abundant long and short brown hairs ( Figs. 43–44 ). Vesica spermalis : V1 bifid with a large tooth on middle, V2–3 of usual type, V4 with 2 relatively short flagella not reaching posterior margin of V1. Caudal appendages: Cerci, with abundant long setae, dorsally pale on apical 0.60–0.80 its length, basal 0.40– 0.20 of ventral surface, and apices mostly reddish-brown to brown, a dorsomesal tooth with a blunt tip, 0.15–0.20 mm length at basal 0.75–0.80 directed mesally to posteriorly, followed distally by a medial, subapical, shelf-like carina, tips slightly flattened laterally and produced dorsally into a stout spine; in lateral view tip of cercus strongly produced dorsally in a large, wide spine, no ventral spine on tip; in ventral view, tip of cercus with a short, curved, subapical carina, apex rounded. Epiproct tan to light brown, V-shaped, each branch very wide at base and gradually narrowing apically, in lateral view branches strongly up-curved, in dorsal view tips sharp, separated from each other by a distance of 1.00– 1.20 mm; in ventral and dorsal views with few, short, whitish hairs ( Figs. 69–71 ).

Measurements (averages in parentheses): TL, 57.6–63.32 (61.62); AL, 42–48 (45.32); MWh, 8.0–8.1 (8.06); FwL, 36–38.75 (37.5); HwL, 34.5–36.25 (35.18); FwW, 8–9.62 (8.5); HwW, 9.6–10 (9.87); HfL, 6.1–6.3 (6.2); cerci length, 2.9–3.1 (3).

Female. Similar to male, with the following differences: Head: Labrum mostly pale with a thin light brown band on posterior border. Thorax: Metepisternal stripe continuous, paralell-sided, covering the 90–95% of the length of metepisternum, ending a superior circular spot, almost near to spiracle; pectus dark brown. Wings: Antenodal crossveins FW 17–21, HW 14–15; postnodal crossveins FW 10–13, HW 9–13; triangles 2 or 3-celled, rarely 4- celled; subtriangles 2 or 3-celled in both wings, supratriangles 2-celled usually, sometimes 3-celled; anal triangle from 5 to 8-celled. Abdomen: A middorsal stripe on basal 0.70–0.80 tapering posteriorly of S4, a slightly broad basoventral spot on basal 0.25 of S4. Foliation on S8–9 large and scalloped, foliation on S8 suddenly widening caudally, ending in a wide rounded lobe which surpasses by 0.18–0.20 mm the anterior margin of S9, the posterior edge of this foliation with a row of minute spines continuous with the posterior margin of S8, maximum width of foliation 0.62–1.0 mm; foliation on S9 0.33–0.53 mm wide, the same width along the entire margin, its edge smooth ( Fig. 108 ). Vulvar lamina: Small, occupying 0.19 the length of S9, in ventral view ( Fig. 119 ) widely V-shaped, lobes triangular, reddish-brown, with the most ventral margin yellow and beset with stiff yellow setae, tips separated each other by a distance greater than the basal width of each lobe, dorsal margin strongly concave with a subapical, blunt tubercle directed dorsally; in lateral view as in Fig. 120 . Caudal appendages: Cerci long, conical, sharply pointed, longer than S10, light yellow, with abundant long setae ( Fig. 108 ). Epiproct light brown to dark brown, laminarshaped ending in a sharp tip.

Measurements (average in parenthesis): TL, 59.76–67 (64.07); AL, 43–51 (47.25); MWh, 8.5–8.9 (8.63); FwL, 37–41.5 (40); HwL, 36.5–40 (38.16); FwW, 8.0–9.0 (8.5); HwW, 9.87–11 (10.29); HfL, 6.1–7.3 (6.53); VlL, 0.44–0.54 (0.49); cerci length, 2.26–2.5 (2.38).

Comparative diagnostic notes. This species closely resembles P. stigmatus . Phyllogomphoides albrighti can be differentiated from P. stigmatus by the following (features of the later in parentheses): medium-sized (medium to large size); males with the posterior hamuli subcylindrical, ending in a short, thick, blunt tip (posterior hamuli more or less subcylindrical, abruptly widening posteriorly, with a median, black, blunt tip); male cercus gently curved throughout (cercus bent inwardly immediately after dorsomesal tooth); male epiproct widely V-shaped in dorsal view mesal margin of branches strongly divergent, tips separated from each other by a distance of 1.0– 1.2 mm (epiproct narrowly V-shaped, in dorsal view mesal margin of branches subparallel, tips separate from each other by a distance of 0.45–0.75 mm). Female vulvar lamina with a posterodorsal tubercle (vulvar lamina without a posterodorsal tubercle). On the other hand, the geographic distribution pattern of P. albrighti encompasses the north and center coast of the Gulf of Mexico (more towards the north of the country). Phyllogomphoides albrighti can be separated from all other species by abdominal segments 8–10 brown with extensive yellow or orange (S8–10 mainly black).

Flight season. April, May, June, July, August, September, and October.

Distribution. Coahuila, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Veracruz ( Fig. 141 ). In other country: United Stated of America ( USA).

Natural history. Streams and rivers with swift currents and cobble or muddy bottoms, with riparian vegetation are the habitat for this species. Adults perch on vegetation, fences, or other structures one meter or so above the ground ( Abbott 2006, 2007). Nevertheless, González-Soriano et al. (2012) collected specimens perched on grasses, several meters away from the water at the Río Coy, San Luis Potosí. According to the records, this species has an altitudinal distribution in Mexico from 50 to 1126masl.

Figures

FIGURES 17–22. Head and thorax, lateral view. 17) P. albrighti, male; 18) P. apiculatus, male; 19) P. bifasciatus, female; 20) P. danieli, male; 21) P. duodentatus, male; 22) P. enriquei, male.

FIGURES 30–36. Abdominal segments S8–10 and caudal appendages, left lateral view. 30) P. albrighti, male; 31) P. apiculatus, male; 32) P. bifasciatus, male; 33) P. danieli, male; 34) P. duodentatus, male; 35) P. enriquei, male; 36) P. indicatrix, male (alcoholic teneral specimen).

FIGURES 43–52. Male accessory genitalia, ventral and ventrolateral view. 43–44) P. albrighti; 45–46) P. apiculatus; 47–48) P. bifasciatus; 49–50) P. danieli; 51–52) P. duodentatus.

FIGURES 69–83. Male caudal appendages, dorsal, lateral and ventral view. 69–71) P. albrighti; 72–74) P. apiculatus; 75–77) P. bifasciatus; 78–80) P. danieli; 81–83) P. duodentatus.

FIGURES 108–113. Female abdominal segments S8–10 and caudal appendages, left lateral view. 108) P. albrighti; 109) P. apiculatus; 110) P. bifasciatus; 111) P. danieli; 112) P. duodentatus; 113) P. luisi.

FIGURES 119–130. Female vulvar lamina, ventral and ventrolateral view. 119–120) P. albrighti; 121–122) P. apiculatus; 123–124) P. bifasciatus; 125–126) P. danieli; 127–128) P. duodentatus; 129–130) P. luisi.

FIGURES 141–142. Maps of geographical distribution. 141) P. albrighti; 142) P. apiculatus.