Callipodida

Shelley, Rowland M. & Golovatch, Sergei I., 2011, Atlas of Myriapod Biogeography. I. Indigenous Ordinal and Supra-Ordinal Distributions in the Diplopoda: Perspectives on Taxon Origins and Ages, and a Hypothesis on the Origin and Early Evolution of the Class, Insecta Mundi 2011 (158), pp. 1-134 : 40-42

Order Callipodida ( Fig. 37 -40)

where it turns southwestward and curves through Nevada and California touching the Pacific Coast north of Los Angeles. The area encircles Baja California and the Gulf of California , and enters “mainland” Mexico in southern Sinaloa ; present records indicate a gap between southern Durango and southeastern Nuevo León, where we project occurrence. While new discoveries may move the border northward in New Mexico, we believe the lacuna in this state, west Texas, and southern Colorado is real because substantial sampling in the southern Rocky Mts. ( Sangre de Christos ) of Colorado, the Sierra Blancas and Sacramentos in New Mexico, around El Paso, and in the Guadalupes, Davis, and Chisos Mts. of Texas have not yielded specimens .

We recognize three callipodidan areas in Europe ( Fig. 39 ) with two on the Iberian Peninsula – a small one in northcentral Portugal and a larger one in southcentral Spain that does not traverse the Strait of Gibraltar. We unite other localities into a broad area that covers parts or all of the Mediterranean, Adriatic, Aegean, and Ionian seas from the Rhone River Delta, France, to northcentral Turkey, with a southward extension in the Middle East to central Israel and the West Bank. Inland, the area pervades central France, but not as far as Paris, where the one record is surely an introduction ( Demange 1946, Stoev et al. 2008). We are uncertain about the occurrence of Dorypetalum degenerans (Latzel, 1884) in and near Budapest, Hungary, as the literature is ambivalent. It is ~ 192 km (120 mi) north of the continuous callipodidan range in Europe and could represent an indigenous but allopatric population or a human introduction, so we indicate it by a question mark (?) in Fig. 37 and 39 ( Korsós 1992, 1994a; Korsós et al. 2002; Stoev and Enghoff 2006; Stoev et al. 2008). The northern border then curves through the Po River Valley of Italy into Slovenia, and angles through the Balkans to the Black Sea in northeastern Bulgaria. The range in Turkey is coastal and hence appears “bifid.” Callipodida inhabit many European islands including Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily, Malta, Crete, and most Adriatic, Ionian, and Aegean islands but are not known from Cyprus. Papers with maps or lists of species include Hoffman and Lohmander (1964), Stoev and Enghoff (2003, 2006, 2008), and Enghoff (2006).

We also recognize three regions in Asia ( Fig. 37 , 40), the smallest in the Zagros Mts. Iran. To the north, a subtriangular area stretches from the southern Caspian Sea and Kopetdagh Mts. of Turkmenistan to Punjab Prov., Pakistan, and far western China; north-south, it extends from Uzbekistan to northern Pakistan. Callipodida doubtlessly occur in northeastern Iran and are known from caves in Tajikistan and northern Afghanistan; they are also expected in Kyrgyzstan and projected for Xinjiang Prov., China. The third

Figure 40. Distribution of Callipodida in Central Asia.

and largest area, in continental southeastern Asia, is the least known and conceivably larger, likely spreading farther west in Myanmar and southward onto the Malay Peninsula. North-south, it extends roughly from China north of Shanghai to central Cambodia and eastern Thailand; east-west, it ranges from the East China Sea to around eastern Tibet and northern Myanmar. Papers mapping or detailing this fauna include D. Wang and Mauriès (1996), Stoev (2004), Stoev and Geoffroy (2004), Enghoff et al. (2004), Stoev and Enghoff (2005), and Stoev et al. (2007).

Figures

Figure 37. Known (solid lines) and projected (dashed line) distributions of the Order Callipodida. The question mark denotes the record from Budapest, Hungary, whose origin is uncertain.

Figure 39. Distribution of Callipodida in Europe and the Middle East. The question mark denotes the record from Budapest, Hungary, whose origin is uncertain.