Monotagma lilacinum Hagberg & R.Erikss., 2011

Hagberg, Mats & Eriksson, Roger, 2011, New names in Monotagma (Marantaceae), Phytotaxa 20 (1), pp. 1-25 : 7

2. Monotagma lilacinum Hagberg & R.Erikss. , sp. nov. ( Fig. 1C )

Monotagmatis spicati , M. ovati , et M. grallati similis , sed ab eis differt synflorescentiae axe principali longiore (nodis 7– 11 vs. 2–6), bracteis brevioribus (1.7–2.2 vs. vulgo 2.1–3.4 cm), corollae tubo breviore (11–17 vs. 17–27 mm), et staminodio exteriore minore (4.5–5 × ca 2 vs. 5.5–8 × 2–3.5 mm).

Type:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus – Itacoatiara road (AM-010), 20 km E of first crossing of Rio Urubú , 10 March 1986, Andersson & Hagberg 1767 (holotype INPA, isotypes GB, S, US).

Herb 0.4–0.6 m tall. Rhizomes partly above ground supported by “stilt” roots, branched to form clusters of a few shoots, each shoot bearing 2–15 ± irregularly arranged basal leaves. Ultimate basal leaf with sheath 11–42 cm long, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, puberulent or rarely appressed-puberulent to appressed-hirsute throughout, usually auriculate; petiole 0–24 cm long, laterally ± flattened, with an adaxial furrow, puberulent; pulvinus 1.3–3.5 cm long, laterally ± flattened, puberulent adaxially or rarely glabrous, a prominent hirtellous annulus present at transition to petiole; blade narrowly to very narrowly ovate, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, scalloped, base cuneate to obtuse, apex acuminate to caudate, subcentric to oblique (apex displacement 0.2– 1.6 cm), 30–44 × 7.4–12 cm, length from base to broadest part 7–12 cm, adaxial surface usually not papillose, dark green, puberulent along midrib, major lateral veins and margins, and at apex, or at least along midrib and at apex, abaxial surface not papillose, greyish green, puberulent along margins and at apex, or along midrib and at apex, or only at apex, rarely ± glabrous throughout. Synflorescence 7–11-nodate, with 15–30 florescences, each node with a bladeless sheath, lowermost 2.5–5.5 cm long, first internode 1.9–4.5 cm long, peduncle 21–47 cm long, puberulent to appressed-hirsute. Main florescence 4.3–5.7 cm long with 8–12 ± unilaterally arranged bracts, first internode 0.4–0.6 cm long, peduncle 0.4–0.8 cm long; lowermost bract 1.7– 2.2 × 0.7–0.9 cm, yellowish to brownish-green, subcoriaceous, puberulent to rarely hirtellous throughout, very rarely glabrous; first prophyll 8.5–11 mm long, puberulent or hirtellous throughout or at least on back, rarely only on back or apically, usually ecarinate; interphylls and bracteoles usually absent, occasionally with a ca 5 mm long first interphyll. Flowers 4–6 per bract; pedicel 0.5–1 mm long; ovary 1.5–3 mm long, puberulent or hirtellous apically, occasionally glabrous; sepals 5–8 × 1.5–3 mm; corolla tube 11–17 × ca 1 mm, whitish, outside hirtellous to hirsute above tip of sepals or at least apically, inside glabrous or sparsely hirsute to hirtellous in mouth, lobes dull orange, 4–5 × 2–3 mm; outer staminode 4.5–5 × ca 2 mm, narrowly obovate, lilac, apex entire or slightly bilobed; stamen 2–3 mm long, appendage tapering to base of theca, theca ca 1 mm long; callose staminode 4.5–5.0 × 2.5–4 mm, fleshy throughout, with a shelf-shaped callus at 2.5–3 mm from apex; cucullate staminode 2–3.5 mm long, lateral appendage ca 1 mm long; style 2–3 mm long (tripped). Capsule 10–13.5 × 3–4 mm; seed 8.5–12 × 2.5–3 mm; aril 2–3.5 mm long, with two flattened unilateral lobes.

Distribution and habitat:— Monotagma lilacinum occurs in lowlands on white sand around Manaus and in campina areas in southern and eastern Amazonas, and in western Pará.

Discussion:— Monotagma lilacinum is similar to M. spicatum , M. ovatum , and M. grallatum , from all of which it differs by having a 7–11-nodate synflorescence (vs. 2–6-nodate), usually shorter bracts (1.7–2.2 vs. (1.9–) 2.1–3.4 cm), shorter corolla tubes (11–17 vs. 17–27 mm), and smaller outer staminodes (4.5–5 × ca 2 vs. 5.5–8 × 2–3.5 mm).

Paratypes:— BRAZIL. Amazonas: Manaus–Itacoatiara road, km 26, Reserva Ducke , September 1974, de Albuquerque s. n. ( INPA) ; September 1974, Conant 1091 ( INPA) ; February 1969, Kennedy 98 ( DUKE, GB, INPA) ; 1964, Vogel 235 ( L) ; July 1976, Kirkpatrick 112 ( INPA) ; Manaus–Itacoatiara road, km 62, opposite Reserva Egler , March 1986, Andersson & Hagberg 1770 ( GB, INPA, S) ; Manaus–Caracaraí road, km 60, reserva INPA, October 1976, Kirkpatrick 117 ( INPA) ; September 1973, Prance & Coêlho 17579 ( GB, INPA, K, L, MG, NY) ; Manaus–Itacoatiara road, km 49, December 1960, Rodrigues & Coêlho 2026 A ( INPA) ; Manaus–Itacoatiara road, km 70–75, October 1963, Oliveira 2699 ( IAN) ; 12 km above Cachoeira Capoeira, Rio Tapajós , December 1951, Pires 3580 ( IAN) ; Estação de Silvicultura Tropical INPA, December 1975, Porto 1935 & 1988 ( INPA) ; 8 km NE of Porto Velho , November 1963, Prance et al. 8228 ( F, GH, INPA, K, L, MG, NY, S, UBC) ; Igarapé João Bento, Rio Curuquetê , July 1971, Prance et al. 14656 ( INPA, L, NY, UBC) ; Rio Cuieras , September 1973, Prance et al. 17838 ( GB, INPA) ; Manaus–Porto Velho road, km 270–275, September 1979, Vieira et al. 27 ( INPA) . Pará: Repartimento, Rio Cupary, affl. of Rio Tapajós , April 1924, Kuhlmann 1973 ( RB) ; Cuiabá–Santarém road, km 1225, November 1977, Prance et al. 25620 ( L, NY) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Monotagma isotypes at GB. A, M. grallatum subsp. grallatum; B, M. grallatum subsp. subcentricifolium; C, M. lilacinum; D, M. breviscapum.