Taeniogyrus purpureus ( Lesson, 1830 )

O’Loughlin, P. Mark & VandenSpiegel, Didier, 2010, A revision of Antarctic and some Indo-Pacific apodid sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida), Memoirs of Museum Victoria 67, pp. 61-95 : 89

Taeniogyrus purpureus ( Lesson, 1830)

Figure 14d ; tables 2, 3

Holothuria (Fistularia) purpurea Lesson, 1830: 155–156 , pl. 52, fig. 2.—Rowe (in Rowe and Gates), 1995: 268.

Chiridota purpurea .— Jäger, 1833: 16.— Brandt, 1835: 259.— Dujardin and Hupé, 1862: 616.— Semper, 1867: 23.— Théel, 1886a: 35–36.—Lampert 1889: 851.

Chiridota australiana .— Théel, 1886a: 16 (non Chiridota australiana Stimpson, 1855 ).

Chiridota studeri .—Lampert 1889: 849–850, pl. 24 fig. 12.— Ludwig 1891: 359–360 (non Chiridota studeri Théel, 1886 ).

Trochodota purpurea .— Ludwig, 1898: 83–87, pl. 3 figs 43–45.— Perrier, 1905: 76–77.—H. L. Clark, 1908: 123–124.—H. L. Clark, 1921: 166.— Pawson, 1964: 466.— Ekman, 1925: 149–150.— Deichmann, 1947: 349.— Pawson, 1969a: 141.— Pawson, 1969b: 38, map 6.— Rowe, 1976: 203–205, table 1.— Hernandez, 1981: 164, 166, figs 1i, j, 4b, c.—Rowe (in Rowe and Gates), 1995: 268.—Smirnov, 1997: 16.

Material examined. Strait of Magellan, mouth of strait, 64 m, USNM 1004241 (2); Isla Bertrand, Puerto Grande, intertidal, Royal Society 1958 Expedition, USNM E16375 (1, no ossicles remaining).

Diagnosis ( Pawson 1964). Tentacles 10, each with 2–6 pairs of digits; wheels 130–180 µ m diameter (80–144 µ m this work, USNM 1004241), scattered in body wall; sigmoid hooks 120– 130 µ m long (120–160 µ m this work, USNM 1004241), scattered in body wall; tentacle rods average 78 µ m long (56– 120 µ m this work, USNM 1004241), bracket-shaped (rare in this work), with dichotomously branching ends; colour commonly purple.

Type locality. Puerto Soledad (Port Solitude), Falkland Is .

Distribution. South America, Strait of Magellan, 64 m (this work); Falkland Is (type locality).

Remarks. In his key to the species of Trochodota, H. L. Clark (1921) implied that Trochodota purpurea has discontinuous series of teeth on the inner rim of the wheels. Smirnov (1997) observed continuous series of teeth, and pointed out that Hernandez (1981) illustrated a wheel of Trochodota purpurea with continuous teeth. We confirm that observation here ( Fig. 14d ). Ossicle dimensions are given in Table 3. Holothuria (Fistularia) purpurea Lesson, 1830 is fixed in this work (above) as type species of Trochodota Ludwig, 1891 , but we then judge Trochodota to be a junior synonym of Taeniogyrus Semper, 1867 .

It is established above that Chiridota studeri Théel is a junior synonym of Sigmodota contorta (Ludwig) , and this is listed in that synonymy. Lampert (1889, pp. 849, 850) discussed material from the Strait of Magellan that he referred to Chiridota studeri Théel , but his description of 10 tentacles, hooks and wheels not in papillae clearly refers to Taeniogyrus purpureus (Lesson) , and this reference is listed in the synonym here.

We agree above with Ludwig (1898) that the Théel (1886a) specimens of Chiridota australiana Stimpson were Taeniogyrus purpureus (Lesson) .

Figures

Figure 14. SEM images for specimen of Taeniogyrus maculatus (H. L. Clark, 1921) (Swansea Channel, E Australia; RBINS IG 31 459 ex AM J21895). a, calcareous ring plates (with hook contaminants); b, wheels from body wall; c, hooks from body wall. d, montage photographs of ossicles of Taeniogyrus purpureus (Lesson, 1830) (Strait of Magellan; USNM 1004241); rods from tentacle, and wheels and hook from body wall.