Prosopodesmus jacobsoni Silvestri, 1910

Iniesta, Luiz Felipe Moretti, Bouzan, Rodrigo Salvador, Rodrigues, Patrícia Elesbão da Silva, Almeida, Thais Melo de, Ott, Ricardo & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, A preliminary survey and range extension of millipedes species introduced in Brazil (Myriapoda, Diplopoda), Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 61, pp. 1-18 : 9

Prosopodesmus jacobsoni Silvestri, 1910 ( Figs. 1C , 6A )

Descriptive notes: See Brölemann (1920: 226, figs. 141-144).

Identification: Prosopodesmus jacobsoni can be separat- ed from other species of Neotropical Haplodesmidae by having mushroom-shaped porosteles (see Enghoff,1993: fig. 4); telopodite with large lateral lamella; two subapical dentiform processes ( Silvestri, 1910: fig. 7; Fig. 11a; Mesibov, 2012: fig. 4).

Distribution: The species is widespread in the tropics and supposedly introduced by human activities ( Hoffman, 1999). Some records have been made from USA and Hawaii,West Indies, Cape Verde, Tanzania, India, Indonesia, Fiji, and Taiwan (Loomis, 1950; Enghoff, 1993; Hoffman, 1999; Shelley & Golovatch, 2000; Akkari & Enghoff, 2011; Golovatch et al., 2011; Mesibov, 2012). Its native distribution is uncertain ( Mesibov, 2012). In Brazil, the species has been recorded only in urban areas from states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. All records were obtained from the literature.

Historical records: Rio de Janeiro: Niterói, Icaraí [- 22.903431°S; - 43.111570°W] ( Schubart, 1947) ; Rio de Janeiro [- 22.921765°S; - 43.169510°W] ( Schubart, 1947) ; Bairro Tijuca [- 22.935505°S; - 43.243112°W], 17.v.1938, O. Schubart coll., 3♂ ♀ 1 immature ( Schubart, 1945b) ; 08.x.1938, ♂ ( Schubart, 1945b); 29.x.1938, O. Schubart coll., 2♂ ( Schubart, 1945b); 04.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., ♀ ( Schubart, 1945b); 06.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., ♂ ♀ ( Schubart, 1945b); 08.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., 3♂ ♀ 1 immature ( Schubart, 1945b); 09.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., 2♂ 2♀ ( Schubart, 1945b); 12.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., ♂ ( Schubart, 1945b); 13.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., ♂ ♀ ( Schubart, 1945b); 27.xi.1939, O. Schubart coll., 2♂ ( Schubart,1945b); 05.vi.1940,O.Schubart coll., ♂ ( Schubart, 1945b); 23.ix.1939, O. Schubart coll., ♀ ( Schubart, 1945b); São Paulo: Mogi GuaÇu [- 22.185269°S; - 47.097326°W] ( Schubart, 1947) ; Pirassununga [- 22.067267°S; - 47.395011°W], Fazenda São Domingos ( Schubart, 1947) .

Figures

Figure 1.Distributionmapsof Oxidusgracilis,Orthomorphacoarctata(Polydesmida,Paradoxosomatidae),Prosopodesmus jacobsoni(Polydesmida,Haplodesmidae), Glyphiulus granulatus (Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae), Trachyjulus calvus (Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae), Epitrigoniulus cruentatus (Spirobolida, Pachybolidae), and Cylindroiulus britannicus (Julida,Julidae).

Figure 6. (A)Prosopodesmus jacobsoni,gonopod in mesal view (after Silvestri,1910);(B) Glyphiulusgranulatus, anterior gonopods inposterior view;(C) Trachyjulus calvus, anterior gonopods in anterior view; (D) Trachyjulus calvus, posterior gonopods in anterior view (after Schubart, 1946); (E) Leptogoniulus sorornus, anterior gonopods in anterior view;(F) Leptogoniulus sorornus, telopodite of left posterior gonopod in anterior view (after Shelley & Lehtinen,1999). Scale bars:20 µm (B); 100 µm (C,D);750 µm (E); 1 mm (F). Image (A) not to scale.