Helicteres isora

Turner, Ian M., 2022, FROM ACACIA TO ZIZIPHUS: PLANT NAMES COMMEMORATING THE BOTANIST WILLIAM ROXBURGH, Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (1911), pp. 1-102 : 52-54

Helicteres isora L., Sp. Pl. 2: 963 (1753). – Type: [published illustration] “ Helicteres arbor

Ind. Or. siliqua varicosa, & funiculi in modum contortuplicata”, Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 245, f. 2 [closed fr. only] (1692) (lectotype designated by Howard, J. Arnold Arbor . 54: 454 [1973]) .

Helicteres roxburghii G.Don, Gen. Hist 1: 506 (1831). – Type: W. Roxburgh s.n. [ EIC 1179 D] (lectotype K-W [ K001112333 ], designated here, including material labelled ‘a’ in pencil on sheet only).

George Don based Helicteres roxburghii , at least in part, on Helicteres isora sensu Roxburgh. A Roxburgh specimen in K-W is therefore selected as lectotype here.

Heliotropium paniculatum Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 2 (1824), nom. illegit., non H. paniculatum R.Br. (1810) . – Heliotropium roxburghii Spreng., Syst. Veg. (ed. 16) 4(2, Cur. Post.): 54 (1827). – Heliotropium roxburghianum Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 445 (1845), nom. illegit, superfl.

Roxburgh’s name was a later homonym, so Sprengel renamed Heliotopium paniculatum as H. roxburghii . Voigt’s Heliotropium roxburghianum is superfluous. The identity of the species remains uncertain, as there is no drawing or herbarium material available.

Hellenia globosa (Blume) S.R.Dutta, Pleione 4: 152 (2010). – Costus globosus Blume, Enum. Pl. Javae 62 (1827), nom. cons. prop. – Type: Indonesia, Java, Bantam, Tjoeroek Dinding , xi 1820, Van Hasselt s.n. (lectotype L [L.1480413], designated by Veldkamp, Taxon 67: 443 [2018]).

Costus roxburghii Hasselt, Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 3: 189 (1824), nom. rej. prop. – Type : Indonesia, Java, Bantam, Tjoeroek Dinding , xi 1820, J.C.A. Van Hasselt s.n. (lectotype L [L.1480413], designated by Veldkamp, Taxon 67: 443 [2018]).

Costus roxburghii Hasselt is an overlooked name for a Southeast Asian species. As it threatens the long-established epithet in use, there is a proposal submitted to conserve Costus globosus Blume against C. roxburghii Hasselt ( Veldkamp, 2018).

Heptapleurum venulosum (Wight & Arn.) Seem., J. Bot. 3: 80 (1865). – Paratropia venulosa Wight & Arn., Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 377 (1834). – Schefflera venulosa (Wight & Arn.) Harms, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(8): 39 (1894). – Type: Peninsula Ind. orientalis, R. Wight s.n. [Cat. 1216] (lectotype K [K001129835], designated here).

Aralia digitata Roxb., Fl. Ind. 2: 107 (1832), nom. illegit., non A. digitata Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. (1820) . – Paratropia digitata Voigt, Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 25 (1845), nom. illegit., superfl. – Schefflera roxburghii Gamble, Fl. Madras 570 (1919). – Heptapleurum venulosum var. roxburghii (Gamble) Haines, Bot. Bihar Orissa Pt 3: 416 (1922). – Schefflera venulosa var. roxburghii (Gamble) K.K.Khanna, J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 26: 144 (2002). – Type: W. Roxburgh s.n. [EIC 4920C] (lectotype K-W [K001104223], designated here).

Roxburgh described a South Indian species as Aralia digitata . This was a later homonym. Wight and Walker-Arnott included Aralia digitata Roxb. as a synonym of Paratropia venulosa Wight & Arn. Later, Gamble published Schefflera roxburghii as a replacement name for Aralia digitata Roxb. If Paratropia venulosa Wight & Arn. is treated as a replacement name for Aralia digitata Roxb. , then Schefflera roxburghii Gamble becomes superfluous and illegitimate.

The Code ( ICN Article 6.13; Turland et al., 2018) allows a name not explicitly proposed as a substitute to be a new taxon if the requirements for such are met. None of these names seems to have been typified. Because in the past the Roxburgh and Wight elements have been recognised as separate taxa, types are designated here to maintain that nomenclatural separation, even though presently they are no longer kept apart taxonomically .

Heterophragma quadriloculare (Roxb.) K.Schum., Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV , 3b: 243 (1895). – Bignonia quadrilocularis Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 2: 24, t. 145 (1800). – Spathodea roxburghii Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 835 (1825), nom. illegit., superfl. – Heterophragma roxburghii

DC., Prodr. 9: 210 (1845), nom. illegit., superfl. – Type: [published illustration] ‘ Bignonia quadrilocularis’, Roxburgh, Pl. Coromandel 2: t. 145 (1800) (lectotype designated here).

Spathodea roxburghii Spreng. and Heterophragma roxburghii DC. are superfluous renamings of Bignonia quadrilocularis Roxb. Roxburgh’s published plate is here designated as lectotype.

Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis, 2: 836 (1817). – Andropogon contortus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1045 (1753). – Type: [published illustration] ‘Gram. Secalinum, Indicum , spica gracili, tomentoso, aristis longioribus, ad se invicem intortis’, Plukenet, Phytogr. 4: t. 191, f. 5 (1692) (lectotype designated by Cope, Fl. Pakistan 143: 312 [1982]).

Andropogon contortus subvar. roxburghii Hack., Monogr. Phan. 6: 586 (1889). – Heteropogon contortus subvar. roxburghii (Hack.) Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 85: 276 (1915). – Type: India, prope urbem Mangalor, 1847, Plantae Indiae or. (Terr. Canara.) Ed. R.F. Hohenacker 301 (lectotype W [W 1889-0067344], designated here).

A specimen annotated with Hackel’s subvarietal name in W is here selected as lectotype.