Kalloconus hungaricus ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 )

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2016, A revision of the Neogene Conidae and Conorbidae (Gastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 4210 (1), pp. 1-178 : 61

Kalloconus hungaricus ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879)

Figs 3 L, 10B1–B3, 10C1–C3, 10D1–D3

[ Lithoconus ] [ Conus ] hungaricus n. f. — Hoernes 1878a: 195 (nomen nudum).

Conus (Lithoconus) Hungaricus nov. form.— Hoernes & Auinger 1879: 29 (partim), pl. 2, figs 6a–b, [non pl. 4, figs 1a–c].

Conus (Lithoconus) hungaricus Hoernes & Auinger—Strausz 1962: 146 , pl. 67, fig. 14.

Conus (Lithoconus) hungaricus Hoernes & Auinger, 1879 — Strausz 1966: 455, pl. 67, fig. 14.

? Conus (Lithoconus) hungaricus Hoernes et Auinger—Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972: 33, pl. 17, fig. 22.

Kalloconus hungaricus ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879) — Landau et al. 2013: 238, pl. 37, figs 9, 10, pl. 38, fig. 1, pl. 41, fig. 8, pl. 42, fig. 2, pl. 81, fig. 2.

Type material. 2 syntypes NHMW 1851 /0013/0018, Bad Vöslau ( Austria), including specimen illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1879, pl. 2, fig. 6) , 1 syntype NHMW 1867 /0029/0004, Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated herein as Figs 10 B1–B3, designated herein as lectotype .

Studied material. Syntypes and 6 spec. NHMW A 990; Grund ( Austria), 4 spec . NHMW 1870 /0037/0002, Ritzing ( Austria) .

Illustrated material. Figs 10 B1–B3, 3L: Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania), 55.9 mm, MD: 40.4 mm, NHMW 1867/ 0029/0004; Figs 10 C1–C3: Bad Vöslau ( Austria), SL: 66.2 mm, MD: 46.1 mm, NHMW 1851/0013/0018; Figs 10 D1–D2: Bad Vöslau, SL: 65.8 mm, MD: 43.9 mm, NHMW 2010/0004/1578.

Revised description. Moderately large, stout, broadly club-shaped, robust shells. Spire depressed and conical, initial part low coeloconoid; low dome-shaped in large, fully grown specimens. Spire whorls flat to weakly convex, smooth; subsutural flexure of medium depth, moderately curved, moderately asymmetrical. Rounded shoulder, coinciding with position of maximum diameter; last whorl broad, ventricose, not constricted. Aperture wide, distinctly broadening abapically, terminating in a wide, short and straight canal. Inner lip short, broad, strongly twisted, demarcated from weakly swollen fasciole by a shallow groove, causing an angulation at the transition from inner lip to columella. Spiral cords on base. Colour pattern poorly preserved, consisting of numerous densely spaced spiral rows of narrow dashes.

Shell measurements and ratios. n = 7: largest specimen: SL: 69.3 mm, MD: 55.5 mm, mean SL: 62.0 mm (σ = 5.4), mean MD: 44.2 mm (σ = 6.0), spire angle: µ = 141.6° (σ = 6.5°), last whorl angle: µ = 43.3° (σ = 2.0°), LW: µ = 1.41 (σ = 0.08), RD: µ = 0.76 (σ = 0.04), PMD: µ = 0.89 (σ = 0.02), RSH: µ = 0.07 (σ = 0.01).

Paleoenvironment. The sediment infill in the apertures of the specimens from Bad Vöslau and Grund suggests a shallow marine silty-sandy environment.

Discussion. Conus hungaricus is a problematic taxon. Hoernes & Auinger (1879) based their description on specimens, which—in our opinion—represent three different species. Unfortunately, they considered the specimen from Coşteiu de Sus, illustrated by them as pl. 4, fig. 1, as characteristic specimen. This specimen, however, has concave and striate spire whorls and a distinctly angulate shoulder (like a second specimen in the type lot). We consider these specimens to represent Monteiroconus daciae ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1879) . The second specimen illustrated by Hoernes & Auinger (1879, pl. 2, fig. 6) and other syntypes from the Vienna Basin, differ considerably from those specimens in their rounded shoulder and weakly convex, smooth spire whorls. All subsequent authors identified this morphotype as Conus hungaricus . Hoernes & Auinger (1879) did not designate a type specimen in accordance to our modern understanding and therefore we select the syntype from Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania), illustrated herein as Figs 10 B1–B3 as lectotype of Conus hungaricus . Due the ambiguous situation, Bałuk (1997) synonymized Conus daciae and Conus hungaricus . Although subadult M. daciae are morphologically reminiscent of Kalloconus hungaricus , it differs from M. daciae in the ventricose last whorl and the shallower subsutural flexure. Further specimens from Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) treated as Conus hungaricus by Hoernes & Auinger (1879), are described herein as Kalloconus pseudohungaricus .

The juvenile specimen from the Badenian of the Bükk Mountains in Hungary illustrated by Csepreghy- Meznerics (1972) has deep spiral grooves on the base, which would be atypical for K. hungaricus .

Distribution in Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Alpine-Carpathian Foredeep: Grund ( Austria) ( Sieber 1949); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) ( Sieber 1956);? Bükk Mountains: Borsodbóta ( Hungary) ( Csepreghy-Meznerics 1972); Pannonian Basin System: Várpalota ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Transylvanian Basin: Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1879; NHMW collection).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (middle Miocene): Karman Basin ( Turkey) ( Landau et al. 2013). The occurrence of this species in the Tortonian of Barcelona, mentioned by Faura I Sans (1908), needs confirmation.

Figures

FIGURE 10 A 1 – A 6. Kalloconus gallicus (Mayer-Eymar, 1890), Nemeşeşti (Romania), NHMW 2016 / 0036 / 0001. 10 B 1 – B 3. Kalloconus hungaricus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Coşteiu de Sus (Romania), NHMW 1867 / 0029 / 0004. 10 C 1 – C 3. Kalloconus hungaricus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Bad Vöslau (Austria), NHMW 1851 / 0013 / 0018. 10 D 1 – D 2. Kalloconus hungaricus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1879), Bad Vöslau, NHMW 2010 / 0004 / 1578. 10 E 1 – E 3. Kalloconus letkesensis nov. sp., Letkés (Hungary), NHMW 2016 / 0006 / 0001, holotype. 10 F 1 – F 4. Kalloconus letkesensis nov. sp., Letkés (Hungary), NHMW 2016 / 0006 / 0002, paratype. 10 G 1 – G 4. Kalloconus letkesensis nov. sp., Letkés (Hungary), private collection Anton Breitenberger. 10 H 1 – H 3. Kalloconus letkesensis nov. sp., Letkés (Hungary), private collection Anton Breitenberger.