Conochironomus larvae, Thailand

Cranston, Peter S., 2016, Conochironomus (Diptera: Chironomidae) in Asia: new and redescribed species and vouchering issues, Zootaxa 4109 (3), pp. 315-331 : 326-327

Conochironomus larvae, Thailand

Stictochironomus sp. sensu Sriariyanuwath et al. (2015).

Locations listed North to South; 1 larva at each location unless stated otherwise. All elevations in metres above sea level (GPS determined).

THAILAND: Chiang Mai Prov., Fang Horticulture Exp. Farm, 19°57'N 99°09’E, 17.iii.2002 (Sites); Chiang Rai. Prov., Doi Laung N.P., 19°26'N 99°41’E, 26.v.2002 (CMU team); same as preceding, except: NT Poo Kaeng, 19°26'N 99°42’E, 540 m., 24.vii.2002 (Courtney); Chang Mai Prov., Doi Suthep-Pui N.P., Huai Kaew, 18°49'N 98°55’E, 5.iii.2002 (Cranston); same, except Palad waterfall, 18°47'N 98°58’E, 713 m., 19.x.2004, (Vitheepradit, Prommi, Laudee); Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP., Nam Mae Klang, Eco-lodge, 18°32'N 98°32’E, 1000 m., 6.x.2002 (Thamsenanupap); same, except Siriphum lower waterfall, 18°32'N 98°31’E, 1380 m., 2.ii.2002 (Vithepradit, Kirawanchi); same, except stream from Hua Sai Luang W.F., 18°31'N 98°27’E, 3.iii.2002 (Vithepradit, Kirawanchi); same, except Mae Klang @ Ban Khun Klang, 18°31'N 98°31’E, 1296 m., 18.v.2004 (DuCharme); 3L, same, except Mae Klang @ Ban Mae Pan Noi, 18°31'N 98°25’E, 750 m., 17.ii.2003 (Thamsenanupap); Phrae Prov., Heuy Rong, 18°26'N 100°26’E, 426 m., 14.v.2004 (DuCharme); 2L, same, except Weng Ko Sai N.P., lower NT Mae Kueng Luang, 17°58'N 99°35’E, 400 m., 27.v.2003 (CMU team); same, except TH75, 22.vii.2002 (Courtney); same, except 23.iv.2002 (CMU team); Lamphun Prov., Mae Ping N.P., Namtok Koh Leung, 17°34'N 99°49’E., 7.iii.2002 (Courtney); Sakhon Nakorn Prov., Huey Yai waterfall, 17°01'N 103°59’E, 22.iv. 2004 (DuCharme); Phitsanulok Prov., Phu Hin Rong Kla N.P., Namtok Rongkla, 16°59'N 101°00’E, 1190 m., 11.iii.2002, (CMU team); 3L, Phu Hin Rongkla N.P., Waterwheel Falls, 16°59'N 101°00'E, 1280m., 9–10.iv.2002 (Cranston); Chalyaphum Prov., Tad Tone N.P., Tad Tone, 15°58'N 102°02’E, 210 m., 29.iv.2004, (DuCharme), same, except L-650 (Vitheepradit) Molecular voucher (MV) TH59; 2L, Nakhon Ratchasima Prov., Khao Yai N.P., Haew Narok Falls, 14°17'N 101°23’E, 400 m., L-601 (Sites & Vitheepradit); Sra Keaw Prov., Pang Sida N.P., Klong Huey Nam Yen, 14°02'N 102°15’E, 218 m., 16.iv.2004 (DuCharme); same, except 3L, Nam Tone waterfall 14°02'N 102°02’E, 108 m., 15.iv.2004 (DuCharme).

Previous molecular voucher. 3rd instar L; THAILAND. Chalyaphum Prov., Tad Tone N.P., Tad Tone, 15°58'N 102°02’E, 29.iv. 2004, 210 m asl. L-650 (Vitheepradit) (MV) TH59. GenBank# HQ440724 (28S), HQ440888 (COI), HQ440577 (18S), HQ440433 (CADIV), HQ440261 ( CAD 1) (Cranston et al., 2012).

This 3rd instar larva provided the molecular basis for placement of Conochironomus in the phylogeny of Chironomidae (Cranston et al. 2012) . Even if features were to be found that differentiate species as mature larvae, this 3rd instar could not be compared to any final instar. Furthermore, Cranston et al. (2012) used primers ‘s2183’ and ‘a3014’ after Simon et al. (1994) for the mitochondrial protein-coding gene Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), whereas other regional barcoding studies amplify a different fragment of the gene using universal invertebrate barcoding COI primers LCO1490 and HCO2198 ( Folmer et al. 1994), as in Pramual et al. (2016).