Calcarata vindobonensis ( Hilber, 1892 ) Harzhauser & Landau, 2012

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2012, A revision of the Neogene Cancellariid Gastropods of the Paratethys Sea 3472, Zootaxa 3472, pp. 1-71 : 19-21

Calcarata vindobonensis ( Hilber, 1892) nov. comb.

Figs 3I, 5A 1–A 3

Cancellaria calcarata Brocc. var.—Hörnes 1854: 322, pl. 35, figs. 5a–b [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ].

? Cancellaria complicata n. f.— Handmann 1882: 264 [nomen dubium].

Cancellaria (p. Trigonostoma ) calcarata Brocc. — Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 278 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) calcarata Broc. var. Vindobonensis Hilb.— Hilber 1892: 1020.

Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) calcarata Brocc. – Boettger 1902: 39.

Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) calcarata Brocc. – Boettger 1906: 50.

Sveltia lyrata Brocc. — Friedberg 1914: 246, pl. 15, fig. 9 [non Voluta lyrata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Cancellaria (Calcarata) calcarata Brocchi — Sieber 1936: 98, pl. 3, fig. 9 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Cancellaria (Calcarata) calcarata Brocchi — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1956: 417, pl. 9, figs 36–39 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi,

1814]. Sveltia (Calcarata) calcarata (Brocchi) — Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 164, pl. 42, fig. 17 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Cancellaria (Calcarata) calcarata Brocchi — Strausz 1966: 381, pl. 43, figs 16–18 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Narona (Calcarata) calcarata (Brocc.) — Stancu & Andreescu 1968: pl. 5, fig. 55 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Narona (Calcarata) calcarata (Brocchi) — Atanacković 1969: 209, pl. 11, figs 15–16 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ].? Narona (Sveltia) lyrata (Brocchi) — Hölzl 1973: 194. Narona (Sveltia) lyrata ( Brocchi, 1814) — Atanacković 1985: 165, pl. 37, figs 3–4 [non Voluta lyrata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Narona (Calcarata) calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) — Atanacković 1985: 165, pl. 37, figs 6–9 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Narona (Calcarata) calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) — Bałuk 1997: 50, pl. 16, fig. 1, pl. 17, fig. 7 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi,

1814]. Calcarata calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) — Landau et al. 2006: 71 pars, pl. 5, only figs 2a–c. Narona (Sveltia) calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) — Mikuž 2009: 28, pl. 9, figs 122–123 [non Voluta calcarata Brocchi, 1814 ]. Calcarata sp. — Brunetti et al. 2011: 103, fig. 9E–F.

Type material. NHM Vienna ( Austria); see below for details .

Studied material. 17 spec. Enzesfeld ( Austria) NHMW 1846 / 0037/0291, NHMW A1404 , NHMW 1863 /0015/ 1102; 2 spec. Mikulov (Czech Rep.) NHMW 1857 /0010/0035; 21 spec. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) NHMW 1875 / 0009/0025; 3 spec. CoŞteiu de Sus ( Romania) NHMW 1867 /0029/0124.

Illustrated material. Fig. 3I: Enzesfeld ( Austria), height: 15.2 mm, width: 9.9 mm, NHMW 1846/0037/0291.

Figs 5A 1–A 3: specimen illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 35, figs 5a–b), Enzesfeld ( Austria), height: 29.4 mm, width: 17.4 mm, NHMW 1846 /0037/0291, designated herein as lectotype to warrant a clear base for future discussions on the Calcarata -complex .

Discussion. Although Hörnes (1854) already pointed out that the Viennese specimens were not fully conspecific with those described by Brocchi (1814), this species was later frequently synonymised with the Late Miocene to Pliocene Calcarata calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) . This is a widespread species in the North–East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. As discussed by Landau et al. (2006) this younger species is characterised by the absence of spiral sculpture between the shoulder and the basal carina. The Middle Miocene Calcarata vindobonensis , however, bears distinct, though variable, spiral cords on the last whorl. These cords also appear between the shoulder and basal carina, but are most prominent on the base. Generally, the base of C. vindobonensis is shorter than in C. calcarata , causing a squatter outline of the last whorl. Typically, the strong fasciole of C. calcarata forms a convex bulge, accentuated only by the scaly extensions of the growth lines. In C. vindobonensis , the fasciole is formed by two or more indistinct spiral threads, which cause a slightly flattened back. Finally, the basal spiral carina of C. vindobonensis is less prominent than in C. calcarata .

Rare C. calcarata -like shells with reduced sculpture on the base may already occur during the Middle Miocene as documented by Brunetti et al. (2011, fig. 8H) from Šentjernej in Slovenia. This freak-specimen, however, is opposed by a large number of typical C. vindobonensis (see Mikuž, 2009) [Šentjernej is a Middle Miocene locality and not Tortonian as indicated by Brunetti et al. (2011)]. Lastly, vindobonensis -like morphs are represented by the Early Pliocene C. calcarata basicosticillata Sacco, 1894 .

Handmann (1882) introduced Cancellaria complicata for a species with rather flat sutural ramp and consequently more or less trigonal aperture. All other details of his Latin and German descriptions suggest that he might have referred to the same taxon, which Hilber (1892) named Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) calcarata Broc. var. vindobonensis . Unfortunately, the material of Handmann (1882) is lost and no illustrations have been published. Thus, although Handmann’s (1882) name would have priority, we consider his Cancellaria complicata a nomen dubium and a nomen oblitum. In contrast, Hilber (1892) referred to the specimens illustrated by Hörnes (1854) when introducing vindobonensis , which are still available.

The morphologic similarity with Calcarata calcarata ( Brocchi, 1814) and its supposed phylogenetic relationship require a placement of this species in Calcarata . Typical features are the barrel shaped last whorl with two prominent angulations, the presence of two columellar folds and the deep umbilicus ( Landau et al. 2006, Cahuzac et al. 2004). During the Middle Miocene at least two further Calcarata species developed distinct spiral sculpture but are not conspecific with C. vindobonensis : Calcarata subhirta ( d’Orbigny, 1852) , from the Langhian of the Aquitaine Basin ( Cahuzac et al. 2004), differs in its much more slender shell. Calcarata basisulcata ( Peyrot, 1928) , from the Serravallian of the Aquitaine Basin ( Peyrot, 1928), is much smaller and develops very strong spiral cords on the last whorl below the shoulder.

Distribution. Calcarata vindobonensis is a ubiquitous species in Paratethyan shallow water assemblages during the Badenian and is unknown so far from coeval Proto –Mediterranean faunas.

Paratethys —Polish–Carpathian Foredeep ( Poland: Korytnica); Vienna Basin ( Czech Republic: Mikulov; Austria: Gainfarn, Enzesfeld, Steinebrunn, Bad Vöslau, Pfaffstätten, Baden–Sooss); Transylvanian Basin ( Romania: Lăpugiu de Sus, CoŞteiu de Sus); Krka Basin ( Slovenia: Šentjernej); Mecsek Mountains and Pannonian Basin ( Hungary: Szob, Letkés, Egyházbér); Southern Pannonian Basin ( Bosnia: Miljevići); Dacian Basin ( Bulgaria: Opanec).