Solatia exwestiana ( Sacco, 1894 ) Harzhauser & Landau, 2012

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2012, A revision of the Neogene Cancellariid Gastropods of the Paratethys Sea 3472, Zootaxa 3472, pp. 1-71 : 47-48

Solatia exwestiana ( Sacco, 1894) nov. comb.

Figs 3R, 9F 1–F 3, 9G 1–G 3

Cancellaria Westiana Grat. —Hörnes 1854: 325, pl. 35, figs. 11–13 [non Cancellaria Westziana Grateloup, 1846 ].

Cancellaria Westiana Grat. — Hilber 1879: 30 [non Cancellaria Westziana Grateloup, 1846 ].

Cancellaria Westiana Grat. — Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 273 [non Cancellaria Westziana Grateloup, 1846 ].

Cancellaria Westiana Grat. — Rosiwal 1894: 84 [non Cancellaria Westziana Grateloup, 1846 ].

Cancellaria (Gulia) exwestiana Sacco, 1894: 24 .

Cancellaria (Gulia) exwestiana var. compressa Sacco, 1894: 24 .

Trigonostoma exwestiana Sacco — Janoschek 1932: 76.

Cancellaria (Ventrilia) exwestiana Sacco — Sieber 1936: 89, pl. 3, figs 2–4.

Cancellaria (Ventrilia) exwestiana Sacco var. pötzleinsdorfensis Sieber, 1936: 91 , pl. 3, figs 5a–b.

Cancellaria (Ventrilia) acutangula Faujas — Sieber 1936: 88, pl. 3, figs 6a–b [non Cancellaria acutangula Faujas, 1817 ]. Cancellaria (Ventrilia) exwestiana Sacco — Sieber 1947: 157.

? Cancellaria subcancellata infracosticillata Sacco — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1969a: 94, pl. 6, fig. 25.

? Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) exwestiana compressa ( Sacco, 1894) — Steininger 1973: 434, pl. 7, fig. 14.

Cancellaria (Bivetiella) exvestiana exvestiana [sic] ( Sacco, 1894)— Švagrovský 1982: 400, pl. 4, fig. 4.

Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) exwestianum (Sacco) — Schultz 1998: 70, pl. 28, fig. 16.

Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) exwestiana ( Sacco, 1894) — Harzhauser 2002: 111, pl. 9, figs 6–7.

Trigonostoma exwestiana ( Sacco 1894) — Pfister & Wegmüller 2007: 174, pl. 10, figs 2–4

non Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) exwestianum (Sacco) — Davoli 1982: 36, pl. 3, figs. 7–11 [figs. 7–9 = Ventrilia perproducta

( Sacco, 1894); figs 10–11 = Ventrilia pyramidata ( Sacco, 1894) ]. non Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) cfr. exwestianum (Sacco) — Davoli 1995: 235, pl. 2, figs 1a–b [= Ventrilia perproducta ( Sacco,

1894)].

Type material. NHM Vienna ( Austria); see below for details .

Studied material. 15 spec. Grund ( Austria) NHMW 1868 / 0001/0228, NHMW 1851 /0002/0047; 2 spec. Gainfarn ( Austria) NHMW 1890 / 0025/0070, NHMW 1851 / 0013/0055; 1. spec. Pöls ( Austria) NHMW 1861 /0001/

0258; 8 spec. Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) NHMW 1846 / 0037/0284; 4. spec. Hrušovany (Czech Rep.) NHMW 1863 / 0015/0972; 6 spec. Mikulov (Czech Rep.) NHMW 1851 /0010/0034; 5 spec. Bujtur ( Romania) NHMW 1862 /0001/ 0550.

Illustrated material. Fig 3R: Bujtur ( Romania), height: 29.2 mm, width: 20.6 mm, NHMW 1862/0001/0550. Figs 9F 1–F 3: specimen illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 35, figs 12a–c), Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria), height: 34.4 mm, width: 20.9 mm, NHMW 1846/0037/0284, Figs 9G 1–G 3: specimen illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 35, figs 13a–c), Grund ( Austria), height: 32.4 mm, width: 22.8 mm, NHMW 1868/0001/0228.

Discussion. Species of the genus Solatia Jousseaume, 1887b have shouldered shells with wide aperture, a prominent fasciole, weak columellar folds and a narrow to obsolete umbilicus ( Verhecken 2007, Brunetti et al. 2011). Therefore, Cancellaria exwestiana Sacco, 1894 is transferred to Solatia .

Sacco (1894) introduced the new name Gulia exwestiana for the Paratethyan Middle Miocene shells illustrated as figs 11–12 in Hörnes (1854) as Cancellaria westiana , which are thus syntypes of Solatia exwestiana . Additionally, Sacco (1894) proposed the variation name compressa for the shell illustrated as fig. 13 in Hörnes (1854) as Cancellaria westiana . This subadult shell ranges well within the variability of Solatia exwestiana . Therefore, Solatia exwestiana compressa is considered a synonym of the nominal species.

The Middle Miocene specimens display a rather constant morphology with only minor variation in spire height and density of the scaly axial ribs. A typical feature is the sharp angulation of the shoulder, the slope of the flat sutural ramp and the allometric growth of the last whorl, which is very broad compared to the spire. Davoli (1982) considered also specimens from the Tortonian of Montegibbio in Italy to be conspecific with the Paratethyan species. These shells represent two morphologies for which Sacco (1894) introduced the variety names pyramidata — a more globular type —and perproducta and fusoscalaris for a comparatively small and slender type. The slender shells differ considerably from Solatia exwestiana in the barrel-like slender shape of the last whorl and develop a narrower umbilicus. In our opinion, these represent an independent Late Miocene species, which should be termed Solatia perproducta ( Sacco, 1894) . The separation of the ovoid type from S. exwestiana is less distinct. These shells lack the allometric growth of the last whorl, have more coalescing spire whorls and develop a weaker shoul- der angulation. We propose to treat these shells either as Solatia pyramidata ( Sacco, 1894) or as Tortonian chronosubspecies of S. exwestiana .

Sieber (1936) erroneously identified a less sculptured specimen of Solatia exwestiana as Cancellaria acutangula Faujas, 1817 . This French species, however, has a higher spire and a slightly canaliculated sutural shelf (cf. Cahuzac et al. 2004).

Distribution. This species appears as a rare element in the Paratethys during the Burdigalian (Ottnangian and Karpatian) in Switzerland ( Pfister & Wegmüller 2007) and Austria ( Harzhauser 2002). It becomes very common during the early Badenian but remains restricted to the central and southern parts of the Paratethys without reaching to the Polish–Carpathian Foredeep. Its latest occurrences in the Paratethys derive from the late Badenian (Serravallian) of the Vienna Basin. Mongin (1952) mentions this species also from the Burdigalian of the Rhône Basin, which acted as transition from the Proto –Mediterranean Sea into the western Paratethys.

Paratethys —Ottnangian–Karpatian (= middle and late Burdigalian): Western Molasse Basin ( Switzerland: Hohenburggraben at Belpberg, Schwendlenbad); Korneuburg Basin ( Austria: Kleinebersdorf, Karnabrunn, Stetten); Vienna Basin ( Czech Republic: Slup, Hevlín); Transdanubian Range: ( Hungary: Bántapuszta, Bükk Mountains); Badenian: North Alpine Foreland Basin ( Austria: Immendorf, Guntersdorf, Windpassing, Grund); Vienna Basin ( Czech Republic: Mikulov, Borský Mikuláš, Hrušovany; Austria: Steinebrunn, Gainfarn, Enzesfeld, Pötzleinsdorf, Baden, Baden–Sooss, Möllersdorf, Traiskirchen, Ottakring); Styrian Basin ( Austria: Ritzing, Pöls), Transylvanian Basin ( Romania: Bujtur).