Scalptia polonica (Pusch, 1837) Harzhauser & Landau, 2012

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard, 2012, A revision of the Neogene Cancellariid Gastropods of the Paratethys Sea 3472, Zootaxa 3472, pp. 1-71 : 39-41

Scalptia polonica (Pusch, 1837) nov. comb.

Figs 3M, 8D 1–D 3, 8E 1–E 3

Cancellaria acutangula Fauj. Var. polonica Pusch, 1837: 128 , pl. 11, figs 17a–b.

Cancellaria Michelini Bell. — Hörnes 1848: 19 [non Cancellaria Michelini Bellardi, 1841 ].

Cancell. acutangularis Fauj.— Eichwald 1853: 200 [non Cancellaria acutangula Faujas, 1817 ].

Cancellaria Michelini Bell. —Hörnes 1854: 326, pl. 35, figs 14–15 [non Cancellaria Michelini Bellardi, 1841 ].

Cancellaria (f. Trigonostoma ) Puschi nob.— Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 276.

Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) fenestratum (Eichw.) — Sacco 1894: 11, pl. 1, figs 23a–b [non Cancellaria fenestrata Eichwald, 1830 ].

? Cancellaria (Trigonostoma) puschi R. Hörnes und Auinger — Sieber 1936: 82, pl. 3, fig. 11.

Trigonostoma puschi Mongin 1952: 94 , pl. 6, fig. 11

? Trigonostoma (Ventrilia) puschi R. Hoernes et Auinger — Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 163, pl. 42, fig. 14.

Trigonostoma (Cancellaria) puschi Hoern. et Auing. — Kókay 1966: 63, pl. 11, fig. 11.

Trigonostoma (T.) puschi (R. Hoernes et Auinger) — Hölzl 1973: 194.

Trigonostoma (Trigonostoma) puschi (Hoern. et Auing. 1890) — Steininger 1973: 434.

Trigonostoma fenestratum (Eichwald) — Ferrero Mortara et al. 1984: 388, pl. 29, figs 2a–b [non Cancellaria fenestrata Eichwald, 1830 ].

Trigonostoma (Trigonostoma) puschi ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1890) — Schultz 1998: 70, pl. 28, fig. 15.

Trigonostoma (Trigonostoma) puschi (R. Hoernes & Auinger, 1890) — Mikuž 2009: 27, pl. 9, figs 115–115.

non Trigonostoma puschi R. Hoern. i Auing.— Friedberg 1914: 248, pl. 15, fig. 12 [= Scalptia cf. dertocosticillata ( Sacco,

1894)]. non Trigonostoma puschi (R. Hoernes et Auinger, 1879) — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 216, pl. 49, figs 33–34 [= Scalptia cf. dertocosticillata ( Sacco, 1894) ]. non Trigonostoma puschi ( Hoernes & Auinger, 1890) — Bałuk 1997: 45, pl. 15, figs 4–5 [= Scalptia cf. dertocosticillata ( Sacco,

1894)].

Type material. the collection of Pusch was destroyed during the Second World War ( Cleevely 1983).

Studied material. 3 spec. Gainfarn NHMW 1855 /0045/0477; 3 spec. Enzesfeld ( Austria) NHMW 1895 /0002/ 0086; 3 spec. Grund ( Austria) NHMW A892 ; 3. spec. Niederleis ( Austria) NHMW 1863 /0015/0704;

5. spec. Forchtenau ( Austria) NHMW 1869 / 0001/0501; 9. spec. Hrušovany (Czech Rep.) NHMW 1866 / 0028/ 0009; 1 spec. CoŞteiu de Sus ( Romania) NHMW 1867 / 0019/0132; 4 spec. Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) NHMW 1854 / 0035/0237; 1 spec. Bujtur ( Romania) NHMW 1862 /0001/0549.

Illustrated material. Fig. 3M: Enzesfeld ( Austria), height: 20.6 mm, width: 15.7 mm, NHMW 1895/0002/ 0086. Figs 8D 1–D 3: specimen illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 35, figs 14a–c), Gainfarn ( Austria), height: 35.5 mm, width: 26.0 mm, NHMW 1855/0045/0477. Figs 8E 1–E 3: specimen illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 35, figs 15a–c), Enzesfeld ( Austria), height: 25.6 mm, width: 18.2 mm, NHMW 1855/0002/0086.

Discussion. This species is based on a specimen from Poland figured by Pusch (1837). The stout and globular shell develops a very prominent sculpture consisting of blunt axial ribs overrun by spirals of only slightly weaker strength. The deep interspaces are regularly quadratic in outline or slightly rectangular spirally elongate where the axial ribs are less prominent. The umbilicus is moderately wide and delimited by a broad fasciole. The last whorl of very old and large specimens is strongly convex resulting in a more globose outline compared to subadults. Well preserved shells display short spiny nodes on the intersections of the axial and spiral elements. Secondary spiral threads or axial ribs are rarely developed. Shells from clayey deposits tend to develop higher spires as also represented by the specimen fig. 15 in Hörnes (1854). The dome-shaped protoconch is usually poorly preserved, consisting of about 2.5 moderately convex whorls.The narrow umbilicus and the presence of three columellar folds suggest a generic assignment within Scalptia rather than within Trigonostoma ( Petit 1980, Beu & Raine 2009).

Friedberg (1914) presented a shell with much higher spire and spiral ribs, which distinctly override the axial ribs. It develops rectangular elongate interspaces between the ribs on the last whorl and lacks a well defined umbilicus. Friedberg (1914) identified it as Trigonostoma puschi , a name that was proposed by Hoernes and Auinger (1890) explicitly for the specimens of Pusch (1837) and Hörnes (1854). Friedberg’s unfortunate decision was followed by Bałuk (1997), who illustrated shells, which are conspecific with that of Friedberg (1914) but have little in common with the original “ Cancellaria acutangula Fauj. var. Polonica ” of Pusch (1837). Kojumdgieva and Strachimirov (1960) and Sieber (1936) illustrated two unusually high spired and slightly scalate shells which might represent aberrant Scalptia polonica (Pusch, 1837) .

Bałuk (1997) rightly pointed out that Pusch’s (1837) name had priority over the name proposed by Hoernes and Auinger (1890), but for some reason did not apply this knowledge. Although the later name has come into general use, it cannot be declared a nomen protectum, as although the senior synonym or homonym has not been used as a valid name after 1899 (ICZN 23.9.1.1), we cannot find 25 works using the junior synonym or homonym, published by at least 10 authors, in the immediately preceding 50 years and encompassing a span of not less than 10 years (ICZN 23.9.1.2.). Moreover, Cancellaria puschi is preoccupied by Semper (1861), who proposed it as new name for Cancellaria citharella in Pusch (1837). Therefore, Scalptia polonica (Pusch, 1837) is the valid name for this species, which is widespread throughout the Badenian (= Langhian and early Serravallian) of the Paratethys Sea.

Distribution. A very common Badenian Paratethyan species. It appears already during the Early Miocene in the Proto –Mediterranean Sea, when it is known from the Burdigalian of Italy ( Sacco, 1894) and France ( Mongin, 1952) and appears also in the Paratethys ( Steininger, 1973).

Proto –Mediterranean Sea —Burdigalian: Colli Torinesi ( Italy: Sciolze), Rhône Basin (Provence, France), Serravallian–Early Tortonian: Karaman Basin ( Turkey, BL collection).

Paratethys —Ottnangian: North Alpine Foreland Basin (Bavaria: Kaltenbachgraben), Karpatian: Transdanubian Range: ( Hungary: Bántapuszta); Badenian: Polish–Carpathian Foredeep ( Poland: Korytnica); North Alpine Foreland Basin ( Austria: Grund), Vienna Basin ( Czech Republic: Hrušovany; Austria: Niederleis, Gainfarn, Steinebrunn, Bad Vöslau, Ottakring, Baden–Sooss); Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin ( Austria: Forchtenau); Styrian Basin ( Austria: Pöls); Bakony Mountains ( Hungary: Herend); Transylvanian Basin ( Romania: Lăpugiu de Sus, CoŞteiu de Sus, Bujtur); Krka Basin ( Slovenia: Gorenje Vrhpolje at Šentjernej); Dacian Basin ( Bulgaria: Târnene).