Fluminicola multifarius Hershler, Liu, Frest & Johannes, 2007

Liu, Hsiu-Ping & Hershler, Robert, 2019, A new species and range extensions for three other species of pebblesnails (Lithoglyphidae, Fluminicola) from the upper Klamath basin, California-Oregon, ZooKeys 812, pp. 47-67 : 56-59

Fluminicola multifarius Hershler, Liu, Frest & Johannes, 2007 Figures 3, 9

Fluminicola multifarius - Hershler et al. 2007: 415, 417, 419, figs 7M, 24, 25 (Big Springs (source) at Big Springs City Park northwest of the city of Mount Shasta, south of Spring Hill, Siskiyou County, California ([UTM zone 10] 556400 E, 4575265 N, 1092 m).

Distribution.

Sacramento River headwater region, upper reaches of the McCloud and Rogue River drainages, California–Oregon ( Hershler et al. 2007; Hershler et al. 2017).

Referred material.

CALIFORNIA. Siskiyou County: USNM 1207974, Spring on Close Butte (41.9884N, 122.3229W), USNM 1190109, Spring northwest of Copco Reservoir (41.9873N, 122.3275W), USNM 1145066, USNM 1190108, Fall Creek above Copco Road bridge (41.9834N, 122.3623W). OREGON. Jackson County: USNM 1144324, USNM 1144325, USNM 1144326, USNM 1144898, USNM 1145117, USNM 1190128, USNM 1243229, USNM 1254453, Fredenburg Spring (42.1669N, 122.3268W), USNM 1207971, Spring Creek north of Schoolhouse Meadow (42.0357N, 122.3397W), USNM 1144903, USNM 1190105, USNM 1207969, Spring brook below Schoolhouse Meadow (42.0288N, 122.3374W), USNM 1144342, USNM 1144943, USNM 1144365, USNM 1144366, USNM 1144484, USNM 1190114, Keene Creek, east of bridge on Mill Creek Road (42.1046N, 122.4136W), USNM 1144368, USNM 1144718, USNM 1144946, USNM 1190103, Rattlesnake Spring (42.0625N, 122.3389W), USNM 1190104, Shoat Spring, source (42.0466N, 122.3360W), USNM 1207968, Shoat Springs, outflow near source (42.0456N, 122.3367W), USNM 1207970, Spring channel above Schoolhouse Meadow, adjacent to cabin ruins (42.0327N, 122.3379W), USNM 1144536, USNM 1144537, USNM 1144941, USNM 1144942, USNM 1190118, Spring north of Hyatt Reservoir (42.2064N, 122.4498W), USNM 1144540, USNM 1144541, USNM 1144907, USNM 1144993, USNM 1190131, Nameless Spring, outflow (42.2183N, 122.3087W), USNM 1190129, Bluejay Spring (42.1810N, 122.3368W), USNM 1144587, USNM 1190115, Spring, Chinquapin Mountain (42.1409N, 122.4268W), USNM 1190116, Spring along Beaver Creek Road (42.1467N, 122.4165W), USNM 1190117, Spring, Craine Prairie (42.1754N, 122.4086W), USNM 1190111, Spring north of Soda Spring (42.1025N, 122.3684W), USNM 1190119, Spring, west side of Burnt Creek Road (42.1761N, 122.4911W), USNM 1144655, USNM 1145079, USNM 1190130, Jenny Creek Spring (42.2034N, 122.3443W). Klamath County: USNM 1469081, USNM 1469089, Wood River, south spring source (42.7372N, 121.9775W), USNM 1190138, Spring west of Klamath River (42.0257N, 122.1351W), USNM 1144392, USNM 1144951, USNM 1190127, Tiger Lily Spring (42.6156N, 122.0935W), USNM 1144393, USNM 1190092, Four Mile Spring (42.6331N, 122.0778W), USNM 1469079, Spring, Klamath Fish Hatchery (42.6519N, 121.9479W), USNM 1469083, Reservation Spring (42.7023N, 121.9629W), USNM 1469084, Spring Creek, headspring (42.6690N, 121.8860W), USNM 1144414, USNM 1144965, USNM 1190091, Short Creek, headspring (42.7000N, 122.0776W), USNM 1144416, USNM 1207975, Rainbow Springs (42.3239N, 122.2040W), USNM 1190134, Cold Creek, south of Lake of the Woods (42.3434N, 122.2083W), USNM 1144463, USNM 1190133, Spring along western edge of Buck Lake (42.2670N, 122.1995W), USNM 1190132, Johnson Creek (42.2401N, 122.2399W), USNM 1144468, USNM 1190136, Spring (northernmost), Denny Creek (42.3552N, 122.0286W), USNM 1144887, USNM 1144984, USNM 1190135, Spring (southernmost), Denny Creek (42.3324N, 122.0221W). Lake County: USNM 1190125, Spring, Holmes Meadow (42.1761N, 120.8350W), USNM 1144564, USNM 1185799, Blonde Spring (42.4149N, 120.7467W).

Remarks.

The UKL F. multifarius range from 2.1-5.1 mm in shell height and, as noted above, vary considerably in shell shape and appearance of the inner apertural lip between and sometimes within populations. There is also considerable variation in the number of cusps on the radular teeth; and the size and shape of the cusps and indentation of the dorsal edge of the central teeth (Fig. 9). Radula: central teeth with 2-6 lateral cusps, 1-6 basal cusps; lateral teeth with 3-7 cusps on outer side; 2-6 cusps on inner side; inner marginal teeth with 16-35 cusps; outer marginal teeth with 22-40 cusps (USNM 1144326, USNM 1144342, USNM 1144368, USNM 1144463, USNM 1144540, USNM 1144564, USNM 1144588, USNM 1144951, USNM 1145079, USNM 1207968, USNM 1207970, USNM 1207974).

Fifty-one (51) COI and 52 cytB haplotypes were detected in the UKL specimens of F. multifarius (Suppl. materials 2, 3, respectively).

The "Fredenburg pebblesnail" (also referred to as Fluminicla n. sp. 17) and "Klamath Rim pebblesnail" (also referred to as Fluminicola n. sp. 3), which were recognized by Frest and Johannes in their UKL contract reports (also see Frest and Johannes 1999) and subsequently included in the Northwest Forest Plan as Survey and Manage species, correspond to F. multifarius .

The new records detailed herein extend the range of F. multifarius about 150 km eastward from the Rogue River headwaters. Populations of this species are distributed in close proximity (ca 1 km) across the divide between the Rogue River and UKL basins (springs in Sampson Creek and Burnt Creek drainages, respectively).