Cyanthillium patulum (Aiton) H.Rob. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 103(1): 252. 1990.

Bunwong, Sukhonthip, Chantaranothai, Pranom & Keeley, Sterling C., 2014, Revisions and key to the Vernonieae (Compositae) of Thailand, PhytoKeys 37, pp. 25-101 : 61-62

Cyanthillium patulum (Aiton) H.Rob. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 103(1): 252. 1990.

Conyza patula Aiton., Hortus Kew. 3: 184. 1789.

Vernonia patula (Aiton) Merrill, Philipp. J. Sci., C, 3: 439. 1909.

Type.

China, Cult. 1758, Philip Miller s.n. (not seen). Fig. 7C .

Description.

Annual herbs, 1-2 m tall. Stems erect, conspicuously ribbed, white sericeous. Leaves 3-10 by 2-5 cm, elliptic to ovate or slightly rhombic, margin serrate or slightly sinuate, apex acute or obtuse, base attenuate, chartaceous; upper surface puberulous glandular;lower surface sericeous with T-shaped hairs and capitate glands; lateral veins 4-8-paired; petioles up to 2 cm long. Capitulescences terminal or axillary, paniculate. Capitula broadly campanulate or subglobose, 7-10 mm long, pedunculate. Receptacle flat, 2-3 mm in diam., glabrous. Involucres hemispherical, in 4-5 series, 6-7 mm long, 5-6 mm in diam. Phyllaries imbricate, light green, margin piliferous, outer surface arachnoid glandular; the outer and the middle ones lanceolate, apex acuminate or aristate; the inner ones lanceolate to oblong, apex acuminate. Florets 80-120; corollas funnelform, purple or white, corolla tubes 4-5 mm long; corolla lobes ca. 2 mm long. Anthers 1.5-2 mm long, apical appendage acute, base obtuse. Styles purple, 4-5 mm long, branches 1-1.5 mm long. Achenes turbinate, 1-1.5 mm long, 5-ribbed, glandular. Pappus in 1 series of bristles, 2-3 mm long, deciduous.

Distribution.

Thailand: Nan, Sukhothai, Mukdahan, Buri Ram, Ubon Ratchathani, Bangkok, Samut Prakan, Prachin Buri, Surat Thani. China, India, Malay Peninsula, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, New Guinea.

Specimens examined.

Thailand, Ubon Ratchathani, Chong Mek border crossing, 15°8.02'N, 105°28.01'E, 27 Oct 2007, S. Bunwong 341 (KKU, US); Nan, Chieng Klang, 28 Nov 1986, Y. Paisooksantivatana 1879-86 (BK); Sukhothai, 2 Nov, 1971, J.F. Maxwell 71-643 (BK, L); Mukdahan, Ban Wan, 6 Jun 1932, M.C. Lakshnakara 948 (BK, BM, K); Buri Ram, 24 Nov 1976, C. Phengklai et al. 3392 (BKF); Samut Prakan, 1 Feb 1970, J.F. Maxwell 70-19 (BK, L); Nakon Sawan, 1 Jul 1920, Vanpruk 1015 (BKF, K); Prachin Buri, Chakan, 30 Jan 1983, H. Koyama, H. Terao & Th. Wongprasert T-33138 (AAU, BKF, L); Surat Thani, Kiriras to Nikoon, 21 Oct 1970, S. Sutheesorn 1875 (BK).

Diagnostic characters.

Cyanthillium patulum differs from Cyanthillium cinereum by having only single series of pappus, a 5-ribbed achenes without hair and a globose capitula.

Ecology.

Open area in dry evergreen forest or secondary forest, alt. 0-100 m; flowering August to February.

Vernacular name.

Mud Muang (หมุดม่วง).

Figures

Figure 7. Morphology of Vernonieae in Thailand 3. A Cyanthillium cinereum B Cyanthillium montanum C Cyanthillium patulum D Decaneuropsis cumingiana E Decaneuropsis eberhardtii F Decaneuropsis garrettiana.