Dasyhelea yamana Díaz and Spinelli, 2014

Díaz, Florentina, Spinelli, Gustavo R., Donato, Mariano & Ronderos, María M., 2014, A taxonomic revision of the Patagonian species of the Dasyhelea mutabilis species group with a phylogenetic analysis of New World species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 48 (35 - 36), pp. 2117-2175 : 2164-2168

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222933.2014.909062
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:39D6AE31-36D1-4CBF-8C43-40050801ECAD
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/896ED4DB-BE3F-46CB-959D-01D1A22D352E
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:896ED4DB-BE3F-46CB-959D-01D1A22D352E
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Dasyhelea yamana Díaz and Spinelli
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Dasyhelea yamana Díaz and Spinelli sp. nov.

( Figures 17 View Figure 17 , 19 View Figure 19 I-J, 20)

Diagnosis

Only species of Dasyhelea in Patagonia with the following combination of characters: male with posterolateral arms of aedeagus divided and apex of paramere bifid, each prong very slender with sharply pointed tip. Female with subgenital plate semicircular with broad reniform lumen, posteromedian projection absent; spermatheca spherical, heavily sclerotized with short, straight, tapered hyaline neck; legs pale brown except tarsomeres 1–4 whitish and tarsomeres 5 infuscated; PR 4.00–4.80.

Description of male. Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Antennal flagellum ( Figure 17A View Figure 17 ) brown. Palpus ( Figure 17B View Figure 17 ) pale brown; segment 3 bearing scattered sensilla on basomesal surface; PR 4.00–4.14 (4.07, n = 2). Scutellum with 7–8 large, 5–6 thinner setae. Wing ( Figure 19J View Figure 19 ) length 1.14–1.23 (1.18, n = 2) mm, width 0.36–0.39 (0.37, n = 2) mm; CR 0.42–0.46 (0.44, n = 2). Genitalia ( Figure 17C View Figure 17 ): tergite 9 rounded distally, reaching level of apex of gonocoxites, apicolateral processes stout, greatly divergent with large apical seta; cercus very short with 3 small setae; sternite 9 ( Figure 17D View Figure 17 ) 0.56 length of greatest width, posteromedian projection moderately long, reaching one-half of aedeagus length, apex rounded, folded. Gonocoxite stout, 2.1 × longer than greatest width with small mesobasal tubercle; gonostylus 0.9 length of gonocoxite, slightly curved, very broad proximally, tapering gradually distally near mid-length, apex slightly broader, tip barely hooked, pointed. Paramere and gonocoxal apodemes ( Figure 17E View Figure 17 ) forming a symmetrical structure; gonocoxal apodemes stout, with blunt subbasal tooth, both fused with paramere; paramere slender, tapering slightly distally, apex bifid, each prong with sharply pointed tip. Aedeagus 0.9 length of greatest width, W/L ratio 1.33–1.63 (1.48, n = 2); anterior margin straight, heavily sclerotized; basal arms short, stout, slightly recurved, directed posteriorly; posterolateral arms divided, inner portion elongate, apical portion slender, recurved anteroventrally; posteromedian projection stout, extending considerably beyond apices of posterolateral arms with rounded tip.

Description of female. Head dark brown. Eyes contiguous for distance of the width of 4 ommatidia. Antennal flagellum ( Figure 17F View Figure 17 ) pale; AR 0.83–0.94 (0.89, n = 6). Clypeus ( Figure 17G View Figure 17 ) with 4 pairs of setae. Palpus ( Figure 17H View Figure 17 ) pale brown; segment 3 with 2–3 subbasomesal capitate sensilla; PR 4.00–4.80 (4.39, n = 6).

Thorax. Scutum dark brown; scutellum pale with 8–9 large, 6–8 thinner setae. Legs pale brown, tarsomeres 1–4 whitish, tarsomeres 5 infuscated; apex of hind tibia with 6–8 spines; foreleg TR 1.80–1.93 (1.86, n = 6), midleg TR 2.00–2.20 (2.10, n = 6), hind leg TR 2.00–2.09 (2.04 n = 6). Wing ( Figure 19I View Figure 19 ) length 0.93–1.08 (1.02, n = 6) mm, width 0.42–0.51 (0.45, n = 6) mm; CR 0.41–0.45 (0.42, n = 6); membrane hyaline, densely covered with macrotrichia; second radial cell with very narrow lumen; cubital fork at level of anterior portion of second radial cell. Haltere pale brown.

Abdomen. Pale brown. Subgenital plate ( Figure 17I View Figure 17 ) semicircular, with broad, reniform lumen, posteromedian projection absent; posterolateral arms slender, distal one-third deeply angulate, recurved 90°. Spermatheca ( Figure 17J View Figure 17 ) spherical, heavily sclerotized, diameter 48 µm, neck short, straight, slightly tapered, hyaline, measuring 12 µm.

Distribution ( Fig. 20 View Figure 20 )

Argentina, known only from the type-locality in Tierra del Fuego province, Argentina.

Type material

Holotype male, allotype female, Argentina, Tierra del Fuego prov., estancia Harberton, January / February 2006, M. L. Pagnosin ( MLPA) . Paratypes, 1 male, 5 females, as follows: same data as holotype 1 male, 2 females ( MLPA) , 1 female ( BMNH) , 1 female ( USNM) , 1 female ( CNCI) .

Etymology

The species is named after the Yamana Indians, early inhabitants of the seashores of Tierra del Fuego.

Phylogenetic relationships

Dasyhelea yamana is closely related to the clade ( D. serrana ( D. pseudolacustris ( D. andensis , D. carlae , D. lacustris , D. macfiei ))). This clade is supported by the synapomorphies: “palpal ratio” [character 1] and shape of posteromedian projection of aedeagus [character 19 (1)].

Cladistic analysis

The cladistic analysis using maximum parsimony of the mutabilis group yielded one tree (L = 138.8; CI = 0.47; RI = 0.55) ( Figure 1). The analysis suggests that the mutabilis group as defined by Wirth (1952) and Waugh and Wirth (1976) is not monophyletic due to D. necrophila , a species in the grisea group, that is embedded within the mutabilis clade. Dasyhelea ingrami is the most basal species. Two main clades were recognized, one formed by ( D. guadeloupensis ( D. necrophila (( D. sonorensis , D. bajensis ) ( D. atlantis ( D. spiniforma ( D. cacaoi ( D. williamsi ( D. borgmeieri ( D. winderi , D. soriai ))))))))), and the other by ( D.sinclairi ( D. suarezi , D. monticola ) (( D. mutabilis , D. ancora ) ( D.bermudae ( D. tehuelche ( D. yamana ( D. serrana ( D. pseudolacustris ( D. andensis , D. carlae , D. lacustris , D. macfiei )))))))).