Coprophanaeus, Olsoufieff, 1924

Edmonds, W. D. & Zidek, J., 2010, A taxonomic review of the neotropical genus Coprophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae), Insecta Mundi 2010 (129), pp. 1-111 : 91-93

Coprophanaeus (C.) telamon ( Erichson, 1847)

Fig. 217, 220-222 , 231 , 238 , 273-274

Phanaeus telamon Erichson, 1847: 106

Coprophanaeus telamon (Erichson) (recomb. by Edmonds 1972: 843)

Type. Holotype male, Museum für Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität, Berlin. Diagnosis. General – Dorsum almost completely black, metallic coloration, where present, green or yellowish green. Clypeus strongly and abruptly angulate lateral to median teeth. Posterior (ventral) surface of protibia completely granulorugose ( Fig. 231 ). Cap of anterior angle of metasternum simple, not bifurcate. Anterior surface of metasternum glabrous above anterior margin of metasternal disk, otherwise sparsely, weakly punctured. Metasternal disk finely punctured, lacking row of larger punctures along anterior margin. Basal pronotal fossae distinct. Elytral interstriae weakly and evenly convex. Length 14-26 mm (usually> 20 mm).

Male – Base of head horn parallel-sided, anterior surface strongly concave, lateral angles acutely tuberculate; central process as long or longer than base, usually strongly inclined posteriorly and angularly bent in the middle ( Fig. 221-222 ), bend often tuberculate on each side ( Fig. 222 , arrow). Pronotal prominence ( Fig. 274 ) with acute lateral angles, cleat-shaped, flanked by deep oval concavities; width equal to distance between outer margins of eyes.

Female – Cephalic carina trituberculate, weakly bowed anteriorly; length of clypeus greater than that of frons.

Specimen examined – 531.

Distribution. Western Amazonia from Bolivia to Venezuela (Pantanal, Ucayali, Napo, Venezuelan Llanos provinces) ( Fig. 238 ).

Collection Records. BOLIVIA: Beni – Villa El Carmen, 14 o 38’26”S 65 o 01’33”W (Jul) ; Paraparu , 13 o 49’S 64 o 26’W, 160 m ; Río Negro , 13 o 43’S 67 o 22’W, 260 m. Cochabamba – Parque Departamental Altamachi , 16 o 02’S 66 o 40’W, 1150 m (Sep) ; Laguna Carachupa ( Cordillera Mostenes ), 16 o 14’S 66 o 25’W, 1250 m ; Sacta , 17 o 04’18”S 64 o 46’00”W and 17 o 06’19”S 64 o 46’57”W, 250 m (Dec) ; 67.5 km E Villa Tunari [ Estación Biológica Valle Sajta ], 17 o 06’19”S 64 o 46’57”W, 300 m (Feb) ; General Román , 450 m (Feb) ; Yungas del Palmar , 1200 m ; Chimoré , 250 m (Jan) ; Río Coni , 400 m ; Villa Tunari (Nov) ; 117 km E. Cochabamba, at Lagunitas 17 o 06’22”S 65 o 40’57”W, 1000 m (Feb) ; 124 km E. Cochabamba, at Río Espirito Santo , 17 o 03’45”S 65 o 38’38”W, 700 m (Feb) ; Río Ipiri , 16 o 2’S 66 o 40’W, 1100 m, 16 o 3’S 66 o 41’W, 700 m, 16 o 3’S 66 o 40’W, 900 m ; San Antonio ; Valle Sacta , 17 o 07’S 64 o 45’W, 230 m (Mar) ; Sacta , 17 o 06’19”S 64 o 46’57”W, 250 m (Dec) ; San Francisco, 280 m (Nov). La Paz – Parque Nacional Madidi , 13 o 38’S 68 o 44’W, 260 m (Aug) ; Chalalán , 14 o 26’S 67 o 55’W, 360 m ; Río Cocos , 14 o 4’S 68 o 50’W, 1000 m ; Serranía del Tigre , 13 o 35’S 68 o 38’W, 700 m ; Alto Madidi , 13 o 38’S 68 o 44’W, 260 m ; San Miguel de Huachi [Boopi Playa] (Dec) ; Guanay [Uyapi] (Oct). Pando – 2 km E Fortaleza , 120 m ; Guayamerín , 11 o 50’S 65 o 22’W, 120 m (Feb) ; 2.5 km SW Fortaleza del Abuna , 9 o 47’S 65 o 30’W (Feb) . Santa Cruz – Lagunita Caparú , 14 o 48’S 61 o 10’W, 180 m ; Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado , 13 o 57’43”S 60 o 49’45”W, 14 o 33.5’S 60 o 55.9’W and 14 o 31’16”S 60 o 22’48”W (Jan) ; Los Volcanes , 17 o 57.5’S 63 o 25’W, 560 m (Feb) ; 4.5 km S Buena Vista [Hotel Flora y Fauna ], 17 o 29.925’S 63 o 39.128’W, 440 m (Dec, Feb) . BRAZIL: Acre – Sector Florestal Rio Branco [ PZ-UFAC] ( Feb ) ; Palmar de las Islas , 19 o 25’S 60 o 32’W, 270 m (Feb) . Mato Grosso – Mun. Diamantino, Fazenda São João , 14 o 23’49”S 56 o 09’30”W, 480 m (Jan) . Rondônia – Porto Velho (Mar) ; 62 km S Ariquemes ( Fazenda Rancho Grande ), 10 o 32’S 62 o 48’W, 165 m (Sep-Oct) ; 9 km NE Cacaulândia (Feb) ; 378 km S Porto Velho [Vilha Rondônia] (Jan-Feb) . COLOMBIA: Amazonas – Leticia , 200 m (Feb-Mar) ; Parque Nacional Amacayacu [Leticia], 70 m (Dec). Boyacá – El Mortiño ( Aug ). Boyacá – near Pajarito , 5 o 23'39"N 72 o 41’17"W, 1000 m (Jun). Caquetá – Puerto Solario, PNN La Serranía de Chiribiquete , 0 o 12’47.8"N 72 o 25’25.4"W, 250 m (Feb- Mar) ; Gigante (Feb-Apr). Guainía – Caño Bocón , Santa Rosa , 3 o 04’46"N 68 o 02’26"W, 100 m (Nov.). Guaviare – San José [Finca La Esmeralda], 2 o 33’N 72 o 38’W, 240 m (Oct) ; RN Nukak Maku, 2 o 10’35"N 71 o 10’58"W. Meta – Puerto Gaitan, 150 m (Nov) ; Pedro de Arimena , 250 m (Nov) ; Centro Agroturistico CAFAM, 4 o 17.6’N 72 o 32.8’W (Nov) ; San Martín, 335 m (Apr) ; Villavicencio (Feb-Mar, Nov); Río Duda, PNN Tinigua , 2 o 40’N 74 o 10’W, 350 m (Jan) ; Vista Hermosa , 3 o 02’44"N 73 o 35’42"W, 200 m (Apr) Norte de Santander – 3 km N Chinácota, 1000 m (May) ; Sur [Bucaramanga] (Nov); ~ 40 km SSE Toledo, PNN Tamá, 7 o 07' N 72 o 13’W, 1450 m (Sep). Putumayo – Mocoa (Mar). Vaupés – Caparú Biological Station , Río Apoporis , 1.1 oS 69.5 oW, 200 m (Nov-Dec) . ECUADOR: Morona Santiago – Untsuants [Cordillera de Cutucú], 2 o 32’57”S 77 o 53’23”W, 600 m. Napo-Orellana – Yasuní Biological Station , 00 o 40’S 77 o 24’W, 215 m (Feb, Jun-Oct) ; Puerto Franciso de Orellana [aka Coca] (Jun) ; Ávila (Jul); Dureno [ Río Aguarico ] (Sep) ; Tena , 400 m (Feb, Jul) ; 3.3 km E Puerto Napo (Jul) ; 12 km WSW Tena , 600 m (Jul) ; 20 km S Tena (Jul) ; 21 km E Puerto Napo [ Jatun Sacha Biological Station ], 1 o 03’57.6”S 77 o 36’59.6”W (Feb-Mar, Jul) ; Lago Agrio , 200 m (Jun) ; Daimi (Sep); Talag Pimpilata , 750 m (Feb) ; Yampuna (Jan); Archidona (Sep); Tiputini Biological Station , 00 o 38’S 76 o 09’W, 220 m (Sep) ; Aliñahui , 24 km E Atahualpa, 1 o 02’56.8”S 77 o 36’06.5”W (Mar) ; 24.5 km E Ahuano , 1 o 00’08.0”S 77 o 27’13.8”W (Feb-Mar) ; 29 km E, 1.5 km N San Pedro de Arajuno , 00 o 58’48.2”S 77 o 25’25.2”W, 360 m (Dec) ; 0.6 km E Río Arajuno , 1 o 05’26.5”S 77 o 35’30.1”W, 380 m (Dec) ; Payamino Research Station , 00 29’36.01”S 77 17’29.15”W, 400 m (Jul-Aug). Pastaza – Llandia [17 km N Puyo], 1000 m (Jul) ; Puyo , 1 o 28’56”S 77 o 59’56”W, 940 m (Mar, Jun, Nov) ; 22 km SE Puyo (Jul). Sucumbíos – Limoncocha , 250 m (Jun) ; 2 km N Limoncocha , 250 m (Jun). Tungurahua – Baños (Jan) ; Río Negro , 1 o 24’S 78 o 13’W . PERU: Quiroz, Río Paucartambo. Cusco – Huayllcyumbre , 13 o 11’42.2S 70 o 39’27.7”W, 650 m (Jun) ; Megantoni National Sanctuary , 12 o 09’44”S 72 o 34’28”W, 730-900 m (Apr) ; Saucaetambo, Cosnipata (Koshñipata) River ( Mar ). Huánuco – Tingo María , 700 m (Jul, Oct- Dec) ; Cuchras [ Haullaga River Valley ] (Jun). Junín – Calabaza (Sep) ; Satipo (Mar, May ). Loreto – Campamento San Lorenzo , 2 o 18’44.85”S 75 o 51’46”W, 175-215 m (Jun) ; Pucallpa (Jul, Aug ). Madre de Díos – Pantiacolla Lodge , 8 km NW El Mirador trail, upper Madre de Díos River , 12 o 39’22”S 71 o 13’55”W, 400 m (Oct) ; Cocha Cashu Biological Station, Manu National Park , 11 o 53’45”S 71 o 24’24”W, 350 m (Oct) ; Cocha Salvador Reserve Zone, Manu National Park, 12 o 00’13.5”S 71 o 31’36”W, 310 m ; 15km NE Puerto Maldonado [ Reserva Cuzco Amazónica ], 200 m, 12 o 33’S 69 o 03’W (Jun) ; Río Tambopata, Ccolpa de Guacamayos , 13 o 08.5’S 69 o 36.4’W, 300 m (Oct) ; Atalaya [Hotel Amazonia, Río Madre de Díos] (Jun); Río Patuyacu [La Viuda Camp], 12 o 52’S 68 o 55’33”W, 400 m (Mar) ; Río Patuyacu [Oculto Camp], 12 o 39’00”S 65 o 55’33”W, 230 m (Sep) ; Río Madre de Díos [Los Dos Amigos camp], 12 o 34’10.0”S 70 o 06’01.4”W, 250 m (Apr). Pasco – Santa Rosa [Río Palcazu] (Sep) ; Paujil [Parque Nacional Yanachaga-Chemillén], 500 m (Sep). San Martín – San Jacinto (Dec) ; Moyobamba [Dist. Naranjos, San Augustín] (Jan, May-Jul) ; Mishqui-Yacu, Moyobamba , 1200 m (Jul) . VENEZUELA: Amazonas – La Tuquerena Rubio (Apr). Aragua – Portochuelo Pass, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier , 1200 m (Jun) ; Estación Biológica Rancho Grande, Parque Nacional Henri Pittier , 1100 m (Feb, Jun, Aug, Dec) ; Cuyagua , 800 m (Oct). Bolívar – El Dorado [Minas de Paypal] (May) ; km 90 on road from El Dorado to Santa Elena ( Feb ). Falcón – Sector Cumbre de Urea-El Chorro [Mpio. Petit], 1200 m (Jul). Mérida – 20 km SE Azulita [La Carbonera Biological Reserve], 2300 m (Jun) ; Sector Cuenca del Río Capara [Mpio. Padre Noguera], 7 o 50’32”N 71 o 30’34”W. Táchira – Presa La Honda , 1100 m (Dec) ; Pregonero ( Las Trampitas ), 1240 m (Jul) ; La Fundación [ Presa Las Cuevas ], 600 m (Jul) ; San Cristóbal , 1200 m (Aug) ; 42 km SE San Cristóbal , 700 m ; 20 km NE San Cristóbal , 1200 m (May) ; 10 km NE San Cristóbal ( Parque Nacional Chorro del Indio ), 7 o 43’46”N 72 o 12’17”W, 1300 m (May, Oct) ; Río Frio , 500 m (Aug) ; Santo Domingo , 300 m (Aug) .

Comments. This species is widely distributed at lower elevations (<1000 m) along the eastern slopes of the Andes. Its range comes close to that of C. corythus in northwestern Venezuela, where the dividing line between the two is the Mérida – Zulia cordillera. While its ecological distribution is normally in mesophilic forests, it can enter more xeric habitats ( Vidaurre et al. 2008).

The normal form of the male head horn is unique and closely approached only in C. ignecinctus . In some populations (e.g. from Bolivia’s Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado) the central process is cylindrical, bent forward and lacks any hint of the posterior tubercles.

Figures

Figure 238. Approximate geographic distribution of Coprophanaeus (s. str.) species in the dardanus species group B.

Figure 213-227. Characters of the Coprophanaeus (s. str.) dardanus species group. 213-214) C. dardanus, anterior view of cephalic process of large male. 215) Same, small male. 216) Same, female. 217) C. telamon, aedeagus (lateral view above; dorsal view below). 218-219) C. corythus, anterior view of male cephalic process. 220) C. telamon, same. 221-222) C. telamon, lateral view of male cephalic process (arrow in 222 indicates posterior tubercle). 223) C. corythus, lateral view of male cephalic carina. 224) C. degallieri, metasternal shield. 225-226) C. milon, anterior view of male cephalic process. 227) C. magnoi, same.

Figure 228-236. Characters of the Coprophanaeus (s. str.) dardanus species group. 228) Oblique lateral view of metasternum (asterisk marks capped anterior angle of shield), C. degallieri. 229) Same, C. parvulus. 230) Ventral view of left protibia of C. degallieri (arrow marks row of coarse punctures). 231) Same, C. telamon. 232) Dorsal view surface of left elytron of C. ignecinctus. 233) Same, C. milon. 234) Same, C. magnoi. 235) Dorsal view of head of female C. ignecinctus. 236) Same, C. magnoi.

Figure 273-279. Coprophanaeus spp. 273-274) C. telamon, forebody of male. 275-279) C. corythus. 275-276) Male habitus. 277) Aedeagus (dorsal view above; lateral view below). 278-279) Female habitus.