Poropuntius anlaoensis Hoàng, Ph ạm & Tr ần, 2024

Hoang, Huy Duc, Pham, Hung Manh, Tran, Ngan Trong, Durand, Jean-Dominique, Wu, Ling, Pfeiffer, John, Chen, Xiao-Yong & Page, Lawrence M., 2024, Taxonomic revision of the Southeast Asian brook barb genus Poropuntius Smith, 1931 (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) with description of a new species from Vietnam, ZooKeys 1204, pp. 199-222 : 199-222

Poropuntius anlaoensis Hoàng, Ph ạm & Tr ần sp. nov.

Material examined.

Holotype: UNS 00762 , 139.46 mm SL, female; An Lão drainage , Bình Đ ịnh Province, Vietnam (14 ° 40 ' 30.6 " N, 108 ° 54 ' 13.4 " E, 547 m), 19 January 2013, Hoàng Đ ức Huy, Ph ạm M ạnh Hùng and Tr ần Tr ọng Ngân (Fig. 5 ) . Paratypes: An Lão drainage , Bình Đ ịnh Province, Vietnam (14 ° 40 ' 30.6 " N, 108 ° 54 ' 13.4 " E): UNS 2013-19 - 01 , 5 specimens, 104–139 mm SL, 19 January 2013 ; Re River , Sơn Hà, Qu ảng Ngãi Province, Vietnam (15 ° 01 ' 03.9 " N, 108 ° 31 ' 55.0 " E): UF 249109 , 5 specimens, 99–150 mm SL, 24 February 2018 .

Diagnosis.

Poropuntius anlaoensis is the only species of the genus found on the coastal side of the Annamite Cordillera and nowhere else. It differs from all other species of Poropuntius genetically (Fig. 2 A ), and by having distal margin of dorsal fin distinctly concave (vs straight to slightly concave). It most closely resembles P. deauratus but has 29–31 (vs 25–28) lateral-line scales, snout distinctly pointed (vs slightly pointed), and caudal fin light yellow with bold black submarginal stripes (vs bright lemon yellow to dusky with bold to faint black submarginal stripes). Poropuntius anlaoensis differs from P. genyognathus , P. hampaloides , and P. melanogrammus in having barbels (vs no barbels); from P. heterolepidotus and P. hathe in having scales on posterior half of body not markedly smaller (vs markedly smaller) than those on anterior half; from P. alloiopleurus , P. burtoni , P. carinatus , P. huangchuchieni , P. kontumensis , P. krempfi , P. laoensis , P. opisthoptera , and P. schanicus in having 29–31 (vs> 32) lateral-line scales and bold black submarginal stripes (vs no bold black stripes) on caudal fin.

Description.

General appearance in Fig. 5 ; meristic and morphometric data of 11 specimens in Table 3 . Head conical, longer than deep, depth 1.2–1.4 × in HL. Snout pointed. Tubercles tiny and few on tip of the snout, many irregular transverse rows of small tubercles reaching front of eyes in male. Mouth subterminal and oblique, extending posteriorly in length slightly longer than eye diameter and broadly horseshoe-shaped (Fig. 5 C ). Rostral barbel shorter than maxillary barbel, both longer than eye diameter.

Body moderately deep and compressed, depth approximately 2.8–3.3 × in SL. Dorsal body profile convex, slightly convexity from nape with narrow dorsum almost straight in front of dorsal origin to dorsal fin. Base dorsal fin decreasing in height nearly straight dorsal margin of the body, extending from dorsal-fin origin to narrowest part of the caudal peduncle. Ventral profile rounded, rising through anal-fin insertion to caudal-fin base. Caudal peduncle slender, moderately shallow and long, 1.6–2.1 × longer than deep. Anus immediately in front of anal fin. Lateral line complete, 29–31 scales; 10–12 predorsal scales; 5 / 1 / 3 scales in transverse row anterior to pelvic-fin origin. Lateral-line tubes extending at least halfway across each scale, with accessory pore on ventral branch on nearly every lateral-line scale. Dorsal iv- 8.5, pectoral i- 15, pelvic i- 8, and anal iii- 5.5.

Dorsal fin high and sharply pointed at apex, last unbranched ray longest, followed by first branched ray which is considerably shorter. Last unbranched ray ossified with 18–20 serrae. Posterior extensions of serrae forms straight line, with base line curved posteriorly. More distal denticles curved along their lengths. Distal margin of fin strongly concave, with posteriormost ray equalling length of third branched ray. Dorsal-fin origin approximately opposite pelvic-fin origin. Dorsal-fin base longer than anal-fin base.

Pectoral fin long, extending to third scale row before pelvic-fin origin.

Pelvic fin not extending to base of last unbranched anal ray. Distal margin concave near tip with falcate apex. Axillary scale present at base of pelvic fin.

Anal fin moderate, distal margin straight when fin is erect.

Caudal fin deeply forked with outer rays nearly 4 × length of middle rays. Upper and lower lobes nearly equal in length with straight distal margin on each lobe.

Colour in life.

Head dark greenish golden on top, greenish golden around orbit and on opercula, white on lower jaw. Body primarily silvery but greenish golden on dorsally to lateral line, scale bases with melanophores. All fins except caudal hyaline with pinkish orange tinge on branched rays; fins more darkly pigmented in adults. Caudal fin yellow with bold black submarginal stripes (Fig. 5 A ).

Colour in preservative.

Body including head dark brown on back. Opercula dark at base. Lower half of body light brown. Scale margins lined with brown, forming network. All fins brown to dark brown (Fig. 5 B ).

Etymology.

Specific epithet is in reference to the type locality, the An Lão drainage.

Suggested common name.

Cá h ồng nhau An Lão (Vietnamese), Anlao brook barb (English).

Distribution.

Poropuntius anlaoensis is restricted to the southern Annam ecoregion and is possibly endemic to the coastal side of the Annamite Cordillera.

Figures

Figure 2. Maximum-likelihood tree based on (A) COI and (B) Cyt b mitochondrial gene sequences for species of Poropuntius. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap values (values > 50 % shown). Bold sample labels are sequences from type localities. Blue sample labels in the Cyt b tree are sequences from Wu et al. (2013). Colours of clades correspond to the freshwater ecoregions in Fig. 1.

Figure 5. Poropuntius anlaoensis A adult holotype (UNS 00762, 139.46 mm SL) in life B in preservative C ventral view of head D dorsal view. Scale bars: 10 mm.