Junerossia copiosa, Dick & Tilbrook & Mawatari, 2006
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00222930601062771 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C0487C6-FF91-941A-BAAA-C22EFC1F3DCD |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Junerossia copiosa |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Junerossia copiosa View in CoL new species
( Figure 10A–H View Figure 10 )
‘‘Genus and species, not determined’’: Tilbrook 2006, p 147, Figure 21D–F.
Type material
Holotype: NHM 2006.7.21.8, specimen HI-56, bleached, coated for SEM; Kapa’a Beach Park, Island of Hawaii; 1 March 2005; M. H. Dick, collector; intertidal, 0.15 m low tide . Paratypes: same locality and collecting information as for holotype. Paratype 1, NHM 2006.7.21.9, two unbleached fragments, one with embryos. Paratype 2, NHM 2006.7.21.10, specimen HI-2, bleached, coated for SEM. Paratype 3, NHM 2006.7.21.11, specimen HI-79, bleached, coated for SEM. Paratype 4, NHM 2006.7.21.12, specimen HI-17 (ancestrula), bleached, coated for SEM. Paratype 5, NHM 2006.7.21.13, specimen bleached. Paratype 6, NHM 2006.7.21.14, specimen bleached. Paratype 7, YPM-38552, specimen bleached. Paratype 8, YPM-38553, specimen bleached. Paratype 9, YPM- 38554, ancestrular complex, specimen unbleached. Paratype 10, YPM-38555, 23 fragments, bleached and unbleached.
Etymology
The species name derives from the Latin copiosus (plentiful, abundant).
Measurements
ZL, 0.50–0.85 (0.640¡0.109). ZW, 0.35–0.58 (0.450¡0.066). OrL, 0.09–0.10 (0.096¡0.006). OrW, 0.12–0.14 (0.129¡0.007). OvL, 0.16–0.20 (0.177¡0.013). OvW, 0.25–0.29 (0.256¡0.012).
autozooid and ovicellate zooids in primary layer, and frontally budded autozooid; (E) enlargement of exterior view of umbonuloid component of shield of a marginal zooid, with condyles visible; (F) interior view of frontal shield near orifice, showing umbonuloid component (u) separated from lepralioid component by ring scar (arrowhead); note condyles at intersection of ring scar and distal margin of primary orifice (one marked by arrow); (G) holotype, uniporous septula in lateral wall (lower) and frontal wall (upper); (H) paratype 4 (NHM 2006.7.21.12), ancestrula. All specimens bleached. Scale bars: 500 Mm (A, C, D, H); 200 Mm (E); 100 Mm (B, F, G).
Description
Colony encrusting, sheet-like, forming irregularly shaped patches, the largest observed 2.1 cm × 1.4 cm; unilaminar at first, but producing frontally budded zooids singly or in groups, which impart an irregular, thickened appearance to the colony; off-white in colour, with a glistening transparent ectocyst; often with a broad, calcified marginal lamina representing incipient zooids. Zooids arranged in distinct radial series; boundaries distinct, sometimes marked by a raised line of calcification; irregularly hexagonal, quadrate, or barrel-shaped. Frontal wall ( Figure 10A, C, D View Figure 10 ) slightly to moderately convex, perforated by small, well-spaced circular pores; tuberculate between pores; areolar pores scarcely evident as occasional slit-like openings parallel and adjacent to margin; with increased calcification, the frontal wall becomes thick and rugose, and the surface openings to frontal pores become larger and infundibular. A semicircular imperforate area proximal to the orifice constitutes an umbonuloid component of the frontal shield; this is especially evident externally in marginal zooids ( Figure 10E View Figure 10 ) and on the interior of the frontal shield ( Figure 10F View Figure 10 ), where the umbonuloid component is delineated by a ring scar. Frontal pores are identical in size and form to the uniporous septula that constitute interzooidal connections in the lateral and distal walls ( Figure 10G View Figure 10 ). Visible orifice ( Figure 10B View Figure 10 ) broader than long, irregularly elliptical, with both the proximal and distal borders smooth curves; newly formed orifice in marginal zooids ( Figure 10E View Figure 10 ) with semicircular anter separated from broader, shallower poster by blunt-conical condyles, which are not externally apparent at later stages. Primary orifice obscured by thick, low, cylindrical peristome ( Figure 10A, D View Figure 10 ) of same texture as frontal wall, the rim sometimes flared and often ornamented with up to seven nodular processes. Often a transversely crescentic row ( Figure 10A, C, E View Figure 10 ) of more closely spaced frontal pores rings the base of the peristome, along the proximal margin of umbonuloid shield component. Ovicell ( Figure 10C, D View Figure 10 ) is globose, hyperstomial; broader than long, imperforate, the surface tuberculate like frontal wall, sometimes with scattered nodules, proximal margin straight or slightly convex, confluent with lateral walls of peristome. Embryo orange, visible through ovicell wall. Spines and avicularia lacking. Ancestrula ( Figure 10H View Figure 10 ) is pyriform in shape, imperforate except for two or three pores proximolateral to orifice, but with peristome and primary orifice similar to those of older zooids; peristomial rim with several irregular spinous processes; ancestrula first produces a broad marginal lamina that eventually gives rise to five periancestrular zooids (one distal, two distolateral, two proximolateral).
Remarks
The shape of the primary orifice is somewhat ambiguous in this species. What appears to be the true primary orifice is evident only in marginal zooids; it is hat-shaped, with a broad poster separated from a semicircular anter by conspicuous condyles ( Figure 10E View Figure 10 ). The poster becomes filled in with growth of the peristome ( Figure 10F View Figure 10 ). In ontogenetically mature zooids, the opening visible in external view ( Figure 10B View Figure 10 ) could equally be considered a new primary orifice, or a secondary orifice. Condyles are evident only early in zooidal ontogeny ( Figure 10E View Figure 10 ) and internally ( Figure 10F View Figure 10 ). This suggests that some other ascophorans reported as lacking condyles would bear re-examination.
Distribution
A single colony fragment designated as ‘‘genus and species undetermined’’ due to lack of adequate material was illustrated by Tilbrook (2006) from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands. This species is fairly common intertidally on coral rubble in the vicinity of Sesoko Island,
Okinawa, Japan (M. H. Dick and A. V. Grischenko, unpublished data). It thus appears to be widely distributed in the subtropical to tropical, central to western Pacific .
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Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium |
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