Protopolybia chartergoides (Gribodo), 2020

Dos Santos Junior, José N. A., Silveira, Orlando T. & Carpenter, James M., 2020, Taxonomic revision of the P. chartergoides species-group of the genus Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae), Zootaxa 4858 (4), pp. 542-554 : 544-546

Protopolybia chartergoides (Gribodo) stat. rev.

( Figs. 1, 2 , 11, 12, 13, 14, 33, 34, 35, 38)

Nectarina chartergoides Gribodo, 1891: 253 . Holotype: ♀, French Guiana, Cayenne (MCSN), examined.

Nectarina chartergoides Dalla Torre 1904: 86 ; Ducke 1905 a: 11; 1905b: 663; Van der Vecht & Carpenter 1990: 49; Santos- Junior et al. 2015: 154.

Charterginus cinctellus Fox, 1898: 460 . Holotype: ♀, Brasil, Chapada (CM, Pittsburgh), examined.

Charterginus cinctellus Dalla Torre 1904: 85 ; Von Ihering 1904: 117, 234; Van der Vecht & Carpenter 1990: 49; Santos-Junior et al. 2015: 154.

Chartergus cinctellus Ducke 1904: 325 , 329, 337; Cameron 1907: 181; Carpenter & Van der Vecht 1991: 222.

Chartergus chartergoides Ducke 1904: 325 .

Pseudochartergus chartergoides Ducke 1910: 466 ; Bequaert 1938: 104; Jeanne 1970: 56, 59, 60; Overal 1978: 11; Carpenter & Wenzel 1990: 178, 181–183; Wenzel 1991: 498, 515.

Pseudochartergus chartergoides var. cinctellus Bequaert 1938: 104 ; 1944: 264;

Pseudochartergus chartergoides var. boshelli Bequaert, 1938: 104 . Holotype: ♀, Colombia: Meta (MCZ, Cambridge), identi- fied from the original description.

Pseudochartergus chartergoides chartergoides morph cinctellus Richards 1978: 155 , 156; Almeida & Castro 1991: 47.

Protopolybia chartergoides chartergoides Araújo 1960: 252 ; Sarmiento 1994: 359.

Pseudochartergus chartergoides chartergoides morph chartergoides Richards 1978: 154 , 156.

Protopolybia chartergoides Carpenter & Van der Vecht 1991: 222 ; Santos-Junior et al. 2015: 153, 154, 167, 174, 176, 182; Morato et al. 2008: 794; Silveira & Santos-Junior 2011: 482, 483, 485, 487, 489, 500; Borges et al. 2017: 9.

Diagnosis. Length of fore wing 6.08 mm; ventral region of gena with width ¼ smaller than its width at the midpoint; pronotal carina laterally angular, projected shoulders, indicated by yellow marks; fovea preceded by a short and low prominence ( Fig. 1 ); pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep; mesoscutum with conspicuous bristles; metanotum short, metanotal process with apex rounded ( Fig. 2 ); scrobal groove obsolete; propodeal valves distinctly wide posteriorly ( Fig. 38 ). Color black, with few yellow marks. Ventral process of the aedeagus narrow and laterally projected. Apex rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 13).

Redescription. FEMALE. Length of fore wing 6.08 mm; clypeus wide, approximately as long as wide (HClp=0.85; MxWClp=0.97;TeW=0.80; MiWClp = 0.90 mm), ventral margin narrowly subtruncated; tentorial pit closer to antennal socket than to eye margin; interantennal area relatively wide, approximately 2 × diameter of antennal socket; mandibles relatively short, with length 0.65 × times distance between eyes at vertex; occipital carina distinct, extending for approximately three fourths of height of gena, fading very close to insertion of mandible; humerus angularly projecting, carina weakly lamellate, less extending downwards at side; prominence in front of the pronotal fovea poorly developed, low, relatively distant from the pronotal carina ( Fig. 1 ); pronotal fovea distinct, wide and deep; length of mesoscutum 0.90 × its width; scrobal groove obsolete; metanotum triangular, short, length of median axis 0.46 × width of central disk, metanotal process short, with apex rounded ( Fig. 2 ); propodeum with wide and shallow cavity; propodeal valves distinctly wide posteriorly ( Fig. 38 ); T1 sessile, distinctly wider than long, approximately as wide as T2 ( Fig. 33 and 34 ).

Frons, mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, propodeum and ventral region of mesopleuron with sparse micropunctation and deeper and stronger mesopunctation; T2–T5 with distinct punctures; clypeus with short golden bristles, except on ventral margin, which has elongated bristles; eyes with short and sparse bristles; body covered by short bristles, mesoscutum with conspicuous bristles.

Black, with few yellow spots; scape and pedicel brown ventrally, black dorsally; antennomeres black; mandibles black, clypeus almost entirely, inner orbit with band which extends to the vertex; outer orbit with band which extends to the occiput; front and vertex with two small marks, a narrow mark on pronotal carina, mesoscutum usually with two stripes, tegulae partially, meso and metapleuron without marks, scutellum and metanotum partially, propodeum black, T1–T5 with a yellow distal band. Legs black; hyaline wings, venation brown.

MALE. Length of fore wing 5.66 mm; eyes wide, strongly produced inwards; clypeus narrow, longer than wide, with gold and long bristles, ventral margin subtruncated; tentorial pit approximately equidistant to eye margin and to the antennal socket; gena narrow; color like female. Genitalia. Parameres without elongate bristles; basal and apical angle of paramere widened (Fig. 11); digitus narrow with apical margin approximately rounded, moderately covered by long bristles; basal process acuminate (Fig. 14); cuspis covered by long bristles; ventral process of aedeagus narrow and laterally projecting (Fig. 12), strongly sclerotized and weakly serrated; preapical region of aedeagus not angular in lateral view (Fig. 12); apex rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 13).

Material examined. BELIZE: Toledo, 1♀, 25m, Punta Gorda, Salamanca , 28.viii.–4.ix.1978 (P.S. Broomfield) ( BMNH) ; BOLIVIA: 2♀, Yungas de La Paz , 16.vii.1944 ( MZUSP) , Beni, 4♀, Romansos, 1km, N. Junction Rio Itenes & Rio Paragua , 30.vii.1964 (Bouseman, J. R. & Lussenhop, L.) ( MPEG) , 1♀, Rurenabaque , 270m, 21.iv.1979 (M. Cooper) ( BMNH) , Cochabamba, 1♀, Villa Turnari , c. 450m, 7.vi.1979 (M. Cooper) ( BMNH) ; BRAZIL: Acre, 1♀, Rio Branco, 25.x–8.xi.1991 (F. Ramos, A. Henriques, I. Gorayeb, N. Bittencourt), Amazonas, 1♀, Manaus , 11.iii.1976 (Ilio) ; 1♀, Teffé, 06.ix.1904 (Ducke), 21♀, Mamirauá, Varzea , 08.vi.1994 (I.S. Gorayeb & O. T. Silveira), 2♀, Manaus , Est. do Tarumã , v.1968 (A.F. Neto & E. V. Silva), 15♀, BR 174 , km 46 est., 25.v.1978 (A.Y. Harada) ( MPEG) , Amapá, 1♀, Macapá , 20.v.1900 (Ducke) ( MPEG) ; Pará, 1♀, Bujaru , 15.xii.1978 ( R. B. Neto) ( BMNH) , 1♀, 15.i.1978 (P. Waldir) ( BMNH) , 1♀, Belém, Utinga , 06.xii.1978, W. França ( BMNH) , 1♀, Faz. Velha , 07.xii.1978, W. França ( BMNH) ; Maranhão, 2♀, Igarapé Gurupi, Uma aldeia Araçu , 50km E. de Canindé, v.1963 (Malkin) ( MZUSP) ; 1♀, São Luiz , 08.vi.1907 (Ducke) ( MPEG) , Mato Grosso, 1♀, 29.iii.1968 (OW Richards) ( BMNH) , 1♀, Utiariti, Rio Papagaio , x.1966 (Lenko & Pereira) ; 4♀, Barra dos Bugres , R. E. Serra das Araras, 22.i.1986 (M. Zanuto) ( MPEG) , 1♀, Rio Sasare , 4.x.1984 (J. Elias), 2♀ (E. Binda) ( INPA) , Roraima, 1♀, Ilha de Maraca, Rio Uraricoera , 02–13.v.1987, Arm. Shannon (J.A. Rafael) ( INPA) , Pará, 2♀, Tucuruí, Faz. Senador , 01.xii.2001, Malaise (J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal) ( INPA) ; 1♀, Ananindeua , i.1963 (Machado & Pereira) ( MZUSP) ; Belém , 67♀, 20.iv.1968 (O.W. Richards) ( BMNH) ; ECUADOR: 1♀ , Tungurahua, Yanayacu 300m, 29–30.viii.1977 (L.E. Pena) ; COLOMBIA: A. Magdalena, 1♀, Sierra Nevada de S. Marta, Rio Dom Diego , 22-24.xii.1976 (M. Cooper), 1♀, Ca- queta, Florencia , 10.i.1979 (M. Cooper) ( BMNH) ; 1♀, Amazonas, Letícia , 4°12’S 69°56’W, 14.iv.1997 (Carpenter & Davidson) ( MZUSP) ; Buenaventura , 3♀, 22.ii.1935 (Schwarz, H.F.), Amazonas, 1♀, Leticia, 4°12`S 69°56`W , 110m, 14.iv.1997 (Carpenter & Davidson) ( AMNH) , Meta, 12♀, Rio Guaryuriba , a tributary of Rio Meta, xii.1946 (Richter, L & Donor, F.J.) ( AMNH) , Putumayo, 2♀, Puerto Leguizamo , 180m, 29/x/1971 (M. Cooper), 10♀, Puerto Assis, 350m, 23.iii.1972, Cali, 1♀, Buenaventura Road, near Rio Dagua Bridge , 50m. 3.x.1971, 1♀, Magdalena, N. Sierra Nevada de S. Marta, Rio Buritaca , 100m, 14.ii.1974 (M. Cooper) ( BMNH) ; GUYANA: Bartica, 1♀, Kartabo , 30.v.1924 ( AMNH) , 5♀, Mazaruni, ( Clearing. ), 18.vii.1937 (W. Richards) ( BMNH) ; PERU: Cuzco, 1♀, Atalaya, Rio Tambo , 31.iii.1954 (J.M. Schunke) ( BMNH) , 3♀, Maracapatá ( MZUSP) ; Loreto, 8♀, 40km NE Iqui- tos, 31.xii.1990 (Carpenter & Wenzel), 1♀, Pucallpa, Lake Yarina Cocha , 180m, 26–27.viii.1971 (C.& M. Vardy) ( BMNH) , 2♀, 80km NE Iquitos , 28.xii.1990, 7♀, Galicia, 05°25`S 73°51`W, 18.iii.1999 (Carpenter & Davidson) , Huanuco, 3♀, 2♂, Tingo Maria, 670m (Weyrauch) .

Distribution. * Belize; Bolivia; Brazil: Acre, Amazonas, Amapá, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Rondônia, Pará; Colombia: Putumayo, Valle; Ecuador: Manabi, Napo, * Tungurahua; Guyana; French Guiana; Peru: Cuzco, Loreto; Suriname.

Remarks. Richards (1978) treated P. boshelli as a subspecies of P. chartergoides but mentioned (p. 157) overlapping variation. From examination of specimens of the BMNH collection, it was observed that P. boshelli is only a variant of P. chartergoides . Thus, we consider them here as synonyms, P. chartergoides boshelli = P. chartergoides .

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. 1, 2. Protopolybia chartergoides; 3, 4. Protopolybia fuscata; 5, 6. Protopolybia duckeianus. pc= pronotal carina; mp= metanotal process; white setae= pronotal fovea.

FIGURES 23–40. 23. Protopolybia diligens; 24. P. amarella; 25. P. duckeianus; 26. P. picteti; 27. P. nitida; 28. P. palidibalteatus; 29. P. fuscata; 30. P. fulvotincta; 31. P.nitida; 32. P. acutiscutis; 33. P. chartergoides; 34, 35. P. chartergoides; 36. P. diligens; 37. P. nitida. 38. P. chatergoides; 39. P. duckeianus; 40. P. panamensis. Scale 1.0 mm. mg= median groove; dm= distal margin; pv= propodeal valve; black setae= occipital carina; red setae= spiracles tending to face forward